Summarize
Health Risk Behavior in High Schools
Topic: Tobacco, Alcohol and other drug Use
Presented By:………………………………….
Introduction
The presentation is based on the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) report 2017
National, state and local data reveals how behaviors among youth cause health problems.
Among the major health outcomes of the risk behaviors are;
Asthma
Morbidity
Mortality
obesity
Tobacco, alcohol and drug use among the risk behaviors among teenagers
Data from the survey useful in developing substance abuse prevention programs and policies
Tobacco use
Percentage of high school students who ever tried cigarrete smoking
28.9% of the students; 30.7% male students and 27.3% female students
Percentage of students at different grades and ethnicity also showed.
From the statistics of National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the percentage of all students who have ever tried cigarette smoking even one or two puffs is 28.9% out of which 30.7% are male and 27.3 are female students. Therefore the prevalence of cigarette smoking among male students is higher that of female students. Percentage of cigarette smoking rises from 9th grade through to 12th grade. Prevalence of smoking is therefore higher at higher grades than lower grades. The prevalence in gender comparison reveals that cigarette smoking is higher among white students followed by Hispanic students and least among black students.
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Trend of Tobacco Use from 1991-2017
The prevalence of Tabaco smoking was constant between 1991-1999
has been decreasing linearly from 1999 to 2017
the graph shows the trend of cigarette smoking among youths in percentage from 1991 through 2017 from the National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. The percentage of youths who tried cigarette smoking did not change from 1991 to 1999 while the prevalence decrease significantly linearly from 1999 to 2017.
From the linear changes in the year segments, this behavior can be controlled by use of logistic regression models.
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Percentage of students who smoke cigarettes frequently across all states.
The percentage of all students is 2.6%
2.7 % Male students and 2.6% of female students.
Small percentage of students frequently smoke; less addiction
From the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the percentage of students who smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day is 2.6%. Prevalence of frequent smoking among male students is 2.7% while female students is 2.6%. This small percentage also reflects in different grades and ethnicity.
Evidently, from the low percentage of frequent smokers across sex, grade and ethnicity, cigarette addiction is much low among the students and prevention program should be developed to avoid higher incidences of addiction. The small percentage also reveals that the number can be easily reduced through better health rehabilitation programs.
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Alcohol and other Drug Use
60.4% of all students have ever drank alcohol
Male students 58.1, female students 62.6
Prevalence increases from 9th grade through 12th grade
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey shows that there exist high prevalence of alcohol drinking among students (60.4%) and the prevalence is higher in female students (62.6%) than male students (58.1%). The prevalence increases from 9th grade to 12th grade and Hispanic race reveals higher prevalence of alcohol drinking among students than other races
Prevention programs are therefore needed urgently to reduce the prevalence of alcohol drinking across all sex, grades, and races.
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Marijuana Use
Percentage of all students ever used marijuana is 35.6%
Male students 35.2% while female Students 35.9%
The trend of marijuana use increases from 9th grade (23.8%) through 12th grade (45.8%).
Prevalence high for black students (42.8) and least for white students (32.0)
From the data of the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the percentage of high school students who ever used ,marijuana is 35.6 prevalence among male students stands at 35.2% while among female students stands at 35.9%. The Survey reveals an increasing trend of prevalence from 9th grade (23.8%) through 12th grade (45.8%)
The use of marijuana among the students have very detrimental effects on their concentration apart from other health related problems and therefore ;prevention programs and policies should be developed and implemented as early as 9th grade to reduce the prevalence.
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Cocaine Use
Percentage of all students who have ever used any form of cocaine is 4.8%
Male students prevalence at 6.1% and female students at 3.5%
The trend of prevalence rises from 9th grade to 12th grade
Higher prevalence among Hispanic students.
From the data of the National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, cocaine use prevalence among students is 4.8%, male students recording prevalence of 6.1% while female students recording prevalence of 3,5%. Like other drug use, the trend of prevalence rises from 9th grade (2.9%) to 12th grade (7.0%). Based on ethnicity, Hispanic students shows higher prevalence of cocaine use compared to other ethnic groups.
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Injection of Any Illegal Drug
Small percentage of all students have injected illegal drugs
1.5% of all students;
Male students prevalence 2.0% and female students prevalence making 0.8%
The data from the National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys shows that very small percentage of all students have ever injected any illegal drug into their body. 1.5% prevalence among all students where percentage prevalence among male students is 2.0% while prevalence among female students is 0.8%. The prevalence within various grades are is much lower as well as prevalence per ethnicity. It can be noted therefore that control of this risk behavior can be achieved much easier if a prevention program is devised to ensure that youth live healthier lives.
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Illegal Drug Acquired Within School Property
19.8% of all students offered, sold or given illegal drug on school property
Male students 20.9% and female students 18.9%
Control/prevention of illegal drug within the school property
According the NYRBS data, 19.8% of the students were offered, sold or given illegal drug on school property from which 20.9% of the male students and 18.7 percent of the female students. This illustrate that there should be preventive and control measures and policies to regulate entry of illegal drugs to school property and harsh penalties should be imposed on people who offer, sell or give illegal drugs to students within the school property.
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Significance of the Data from The Surveys
Policy program applications of the data
Creating awareness among various audience
Set program goals for school health programs and policies
Develop preventive and rehabilitative programs and policies
Support health related legislations
Seek funding
Development of various strategic plans
Describe health related problems of the youth risk behaviors
The actual data from the National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys can be used at the national, state and local levels in various ways which includes;\
Creating awareness about the youth risk behaviors and their health related implications to legislators, parents, community, school staff, students and media
The data can also be used to set program goals and objectives necessary for development of strategic plans for school health programs such as Healthy People 2020 programs
The data is useful developing preventive and rehabilitative programs and policies for youth in high risk situations as well as school health programs
The data are essential in supporting health-related legislations such as drug-free school zone laws and drinking and driving laws
This data is also a valiuable resource for supporting funding requests to various federal, state, local or private agencies and foundations.
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References
"Results | YRBSS | Data | Adolescent And School Health | CDC". Cdc.Gov, 2017, https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/results.htm. Accessed 22 Sept 2018.
The End Thank You.
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