Human Development
9/6/2018
1
Health and Wellness C H A P T E R 4
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4: Health and Wellness
Health Concerns
•Stress
•Obesity
•Accidents
•Substance Use
•Physical Disorders
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
2
What are the Origins of Stress?
The Event:
Positive? Negative? Neutral?
Long‐term? Short‐term?
(Primary Appraisal)
Can I handle it?
Evoke negative emotions? Uncontrollable or unpredictable? Ambiguous or confusing? Beyond my capabilities?
(Secondary Appraisal)
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
Stress-coping Approaches
How might we develop RESILIENCE?
Coping Strategy
Problem‐Centered Changing the situation
Emotion‐Centered Regulating emotions
Social Support Accessing help from others
Defensive Coping Avoidance, denial
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
3
Hardiness & Resilience •Hardiness – personality characteristic – lower rate of stress-related illness
•Resilience -- ability to withstand, overcome and thrive after adversity
•Characteristics of resilient people • easy-going • good natured • good social and communication skills • independent
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
Nutrition & Obesity
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
4
Obesity Across Lifespan
Obesity: weight greater than 20% for given height
Age Rate
Infancy Focus on nutrition rather than weight
Childhood 15% Obese
Adolescence 20% Overweight, 5% Obese
Adult 20 – 30% Obese
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
Malnutrition
Malnutrition: Improper amount and balance of nutrients, produces several results (organ and immune function, mental health and mood, skeletal and muscle function)
Factors: Developing countries
Poverty
Outcomes: Slower growth rate
Lower IQ score - chronic
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
5
Why are preschool children accident-prone?
•High levels of physical activity
•Cognition characterized by lack of judgment
•Curiosity
•Environmental hazards • (especially related to SES)
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
Threats Across the Lifespan
Adolescents
Mental Health ◦ 15 – 20% of teens depressed, 35% receive treatment
Suicide ◦ Tripled from 1960s to 1990s – 3rd leading cause of death
Accidents ◦ Car accidents: 1/3 of all deaths
Substance Use ◦ Alcohol; Smoking; Prescription drugs; Over the Counter drugs; and Illegal drugs
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
6
Threats Across the Lifespan Middle Adulthood
Chronic diseases begin to appear after 40
Arthritis Hypertension Diabetes
Older Adulthood
Physical Disorders (Heart Disease, Cancer)
Psychological and Mental Disorders (Dementia, Depression, Alzheimer’s disease)
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
Wellness Through Adulthood Is getting sick an inevitable part of aging?
Dependent on:
• Genetic predisposition
• Past and present environmental factors (including SES)
• Psychological factors
• Involvement in Activities, Social Network
Primary Aging vs. Secondary Aging
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
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What do you think is the foundation of wellness for people of all ages?
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
First foods…Decisions, decisions
Breast Feeding: American Academy of Pediatrics recommends 12 months of breast milk, solid foods starting at 6 months
Food Exposure: 12 to 13 times each
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
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Wellness Through Adolescence
•Proper nutrition
•Exercise and appropriate physical activity
•Mental Health Coping Strategies
•Sleep!
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
Wellness for College Students
•Sleep! •Eat Real Food •Build Some Social Support •Get Some Exercise – “The Kind You’ll Do” •Engage in Meaningful Activity •“Manage Freedoms”
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4
9/6/2018
9
Wellness Through Adulthood •Nutrition and Exercise
•Meaningful Activity
•Engagement and Social Connection
Module 1 – Week 3– Ch.4