Psychology

LEARNING OBJECTIVES Tuesday: 8/18/2020

CHAPTER 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology

Read/overview the chapter using the learning objectives as a guide

1 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Define psychology. (see “The World of Psychology: An Overview”)

2 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Name the various subfields of psychology. Describe the activities and interests of psychologists in each subfield. (see “Subfields of Psychology”) p. 3 – 6

3 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Explain how the subfields of psychology can overlap. Describe how the field of psychology is linked to other disciplines.

4 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . seq NL_a \r 0 \h Define empiricism. (see “A Brief History of Psychology”) p. 9-10

5 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Discuss the history of psychology. Compare the goals, methods, and beliefs associated with structuralism, Gestalt psychology, psychoanalysis, functionalism, and behaviorism. P. 9-11 table (in review) p. 12

6 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Compare and contrast the basic assumptions of the following approaches to psychology: biological, evolutionary, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic. Define eclectic. P. 12-15

7 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Explain why psychologists are interested in the influence of culture on behavior and mental processes. Define and give examples of sociocultural variables. Compare and contrast individualist and collectivist cultures. P. 17-

8 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Define critical thinking . Be able to assess claims by using the five-step process presented in the text. P. 20-21

For Discussion: Dr. Shapiro’s case example. p. 20-21

9 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Define and give an example of a hypothesis, operational definition, and variable. (see “Critical Thinking and Scientific Research”) p. 22

10 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Discuss the importance of reliability and validity in evaluating the quality of evidence.

11 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Describe the evolution of a theory. (see “The Role of Theories”) p. 22-23

12 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . List the four main goals of scientific research in psychology. P. 21-

13 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Describe the following research methods, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each: naturalistic observation, case studies, and surveys. P. 23-24

14 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Define correlation. Give an example of a positive correlation and a negative correlation. Explain how correlation coefficients are interpreted. Explain why correlations do not imply causation. P. 25-27

15. Define and give an example of an experiment. Explain why experiments can establish cause-and-effect relationships, but other research methods cannot. (see “Experiments: Exploring Cause and Effect”) p. 28-

16 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Define and explain the role of independent and dependent variables, and of experimental and control groups in an experiment.

17 seq NL_a \r 0 \h . Define confounding variable. Discuss the problems associated with the following confounding variables: random variables. P. 30-32

For Discussion: Focus on research - Studying EMDR. P. 28-29