information class
As a nurse manager in an organization where a new documentation system is going to be
implemented, a good plan and a good team are necessary for the systems development lifecycle
(SDLC) to be completed successfully. Having a nurse leader on the development team would
prove beneficial for the organization as nurses spend most of their time utilizing the systems and
nurses make up the majority of the health care professionals. The SDLC is similar to the nursing
process, in which the nurse must assess, diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate, and revise
(McGonigle & Mastrian, 2017). Nurses have a unique role to play in the delivery of care to
patients .The nurses are the one who spend the most time with patients during the different stage
of their treatment or hospitalization (Bramley &Milika,2014).With the increased adoption of
health informatics technology ,the work of nurses is impacted ,as they are the ones mostly using
the various technologies used in providing care. Therefore, it is important that the nurses must be
included in the decision to adopt health information technology and implement it. According to
Serobatse (2013) the system development life cycle (SDLC) is an approach that is often used in
the implementation of HIT. Use of SDLC is crucial as the approach captures the ever -changing
system requirements by getting feedback from systems users and incorporating the cognitive
-social technical aspects in the five stages so as meet the needs of users.
Role of Nurse in Planning and requirements definition phase
The key to any successful project is having a good plan, even if the team is great and the plan
is poor the project will ultimately fail. The plan will help team members see the strengths and
weaknesses of the project. The point where the model or framework that will guide the
development process is chosen is a central strategic aspect that will undeniably have an impact
on the effectiveness of the system in the long run (Isaias & Issa, 2014). The nurse leader should
be aware of the different type of models available, no need to be an expert, but be aware of
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models that can work more efficiently with the organization's needs. The team should also be
chosen carefully; there should be varying degrees of nursing represented. This phase of the
SDLC process involves defining the scope and problems , examining the possible alternatives ,
choosing the best alternative by performing feasibility tests, creating the project schedule
,assimilating resources needed for the project and launching it (Rehani,2019).The specific role of
the nurse are :
Work with the interdisciplinary team to establish shared deliverables of the project.
Work with the interdisciplinary team to determine the requirements (technical, clinical
and medication) of the project.
Work with the interdisciplinary team to conduct a feasibility test for the project.
Role of Nurse in Analysis Phase
During the analysis phase, the role of the nurse is to help prioritize project requirements,
generate and evaluate possible alternatives, and make recommendations for management
(Weckman & Janzen, 2009). As stated by Thomas, Seifert, and Joyner (2016), failure to complete
these tasks efficiently and meet organizational and user needs could result in project delays, data
loss, errors, and breakdown of communication processes. According to Rojas and Seckman
(2014), an internal part of the analysis process includes analyzing the workflow processes,
communication, and decision-making tools. Another important component of the analysis stage
is to analyze technical requirements and additional demands such as hardware, software, staffing
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and space needs (Rehani, n.d.). Nurse involvement in this stage is also imperative to review
relevant organizational policies and changes required to accommodate new work processes and
new technology (Dennis, Wixom, & Roth, 2015)
The analysis phase involves prioritizing the requirements of the project, developing and
assessing possible solutions or alternatives, reviewing policies of the organization, and making
recommendations for the organization (Rehani,2019). The specific roles of the graduate nurse
during this phase are:
Work with the interdisciplinary team to develop a list of priority requirements of the
projects
Work with the interdisciplinary team to develop and evaluate alternatives.
Role of Nurse in design of the new system
The nurse plays a vital role in the design phase, which is a critical part in the SDLC. It
ensures that the software’s overall configuration is defined properly and determines the
architecture and operation of the system with regard to the following; processes, hardware,
software, networking, data retrieval, archiving and use, and user interface (Rehani, n.d.). Nurses
play an integral role in reinforcing the primary purpose of the system, to improve patient safety
(Rehani, n.d.). The nurse will assist in customizing the system to provide clinical decision
support to accommodate practices in different specialties (Rehani, n.d.).The design phase
concerns the operation and architecture of the health information adopted by the organization in
terms of process, software, hardware data retrieval, networking, user interface and archiving
among other thing (Rehani,2019). The role of nurse in this phase is limited with other member of
the disciplinary team (IT specialists, vendor and informatic nurses) taking control of the stage.
still the nurse role to play in that
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Study and understand the purpose and system interactions
Role of Nurse in Implementation Phase
In the implementation stage, the nurse works closely with the team to further customize, test,
and install the system (Rehani, n.d.). The role of the nurse in this phase is critical because it
involves staff training, system maintenance, and evaluation of outcomes (Rehani, n.d.). The
nurse is also responsible for ensuring two-way communication between the staff and
management to solicit feedback that may be useful when redesigning the system for better
outcomes (Rehani, n.d.). According to Rehani (n.d.), “the feedback received from users is critical
to the adaptive process of SDLC for customization and optimization of HIT.” Making safety
rounds to identify workflow and system issues have been found to be an effective strategy the
nurse can engage it (Rehani, n.d.). Task in the implementation phase include customizing the
system, testing it, and installing it (Rehani,2019). The roles of the graduate nurse during this
phase include:
Work with the interdisciplinary team to evaluate the performance of the system
Work with interdisciplinary team to redesign the system in case the evaluation deems it
necessary
Provide feedback about the working of the system
Provide staff training to other staff in the organization
Role of Nurse in Implementation Support Phase
In this phase, the nurse is involved in providing continual support and adequate training,
including understanding of the technology and its implications, to ensure there is acceptance and
compliance of the new system by the staff (Rehani, n.d.). This will also help increase satisfaction
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and adherence to the best practices (Rehani, n.d.). Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse
Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay. As a result, it will
minimize any potential negative effects caused by technical failures (Rehani, n.d.). Nurse
involvement in this stage is important to identify flaws, thus reinforcing the need for constant
upgrade and maintenance of databases (Rehani, n.d.). Post-implementation support pertains to
the continuation of education and improvement for the staff and the new documentation system.
Nursing leaders, informatics specialists, and staff will come together with opinions and data from
usage to better the process and the system. This part of the process should be ongoing and
evolving with the information obtained from both qualitative and quantitative data of the new
system. Changes should occur and education should be ongoing with the changes (McGonigle &
Mastrian, 2018). According to Rehani (2019) maintenance and support is a continuous process
and these are the main task in the post implementation support base. The role of the graduate
nurse is important in this phase and include
Provide continuous training and support to help boost acceptance of the new system
Work with the interdisciplinary team to provide ongoing evaluation of the system to
identify the need for changes
Conclusion
By leaving nursing leaders out of the SDLC process there is high likelihood of the project
not being bedside friendly or possibly adding unnecessary work on health care workers. SDLC
requires the active participation of health care professionals trying a new system out. If a nurse
leader was not included in this process you would risk the whole system becoming voided by
missing key aspects. Nurses are a large, influential part of system process development and not
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utilizing them would be a huge flaw and possible loss of nursing support for any organization
seeking to make changes within their systems (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2018)
Reference
Barmled l matiti (2014) How does it really feel to be in my shoes? patient experiences of
compassion within nursing care and their perception of developing compassionate nurses
JOurnalk of clinical nursing
Dennis, A., Wixom, B. H., & Roth, R. M. (2015). Systems analysis and design (6th ed.).
Hoboken, NJ: Wiley
McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of
knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Rehani N (2019) using sdlc methodology to implement HIT, Retrieved May 5,2019 from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org
Sebatse MD (2013) The chanllenge of implementing health information systems “a case study in
charlotte maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital
Weckman, H., Janzen, S. (2009). The critical nature of early nursing involvement for introducing
new technologies. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 14(2), 1-
13. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol14No02Man02 Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse
Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation
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