1. How do dictators use elections to stabilize their rule in electoral authoritarianism?
2. Through what steps, elected leaders in democracies can pursue democratic backsliding?
1. What do "separation of origin" and "separation of survival" mean? (2 points)
2. How are the three systems different from each other in terms of "separation of origin" and "separation of survival"? (1 point)
1. How are the Plurality system and the Proportional Representation system different? (2 points)
2. Why some countries have more political parties than others? (1 point)
1. How are the Liberalism and Communism different in terms of the role of market? (2 points)
2. How are the Social Democracy and Mercantilism different in terms of state intervention? (1 point)