Please indicate if you agree or disagree with the following items. Each represents a commonly held opinion and there are no right or wrong answers. We are interested in your reaction to such matters of opinion. Rate your reaction to each statement by writing a number to the left of each statement where:
8 = Largely agree
9 = Completely agree
1. People should make certain that their actions never intentionally harm another even to a small degree. 8
2. Risks to another should never be tolerated, irrespective of how small the risks might be. 9
3. The existence of potential harm to others is always wrong, irrespective of the benefits to be gained. 8
4. One should never psychologically or physically harm another person. 9
5. One should not perform an action which might in any way threaten the dignity and welfare of another individual. 8
6. If an action could harm an innocent other, then it should not be done. 9
7. Deciding whether or not to perform an act by balancing the positive consequences of the act against the negative consequences of the act is immoral. 7
8. The dignity and welfare of the people should be the most important concern in any society. 8
9. It is never necessary to sacrifice the welfare of others. 8
10. Moral behaviors are actions that closely match ideals of the most “perfect” action. 4
11. There are no ethical principles that are so important that they should be a part of any code of ethics. 5
12. What is ethical varies from one situation and society to another. 8
13. Moral standards should be seen as being individualistic; what one person considers to be moral may be judged to be immoral by another person. 8
14. Different types of morality cannot be compared as to “rightness.” 7
15. Questions of what is ethical for everyone can never be resolved since what is moral or immoral is up to the individual. 8
16. Moral standards are simply personal rules that indicate how a person should behave, and are not be be applied in making judgments of others. 8
17. Ethical considerations in interpersonal relations are so complex that individuals should be allowed to formulate their own individual codes. 7
18. Rigidly codifying an ethical position that prevents certain types of actions could stand in the way of better human relations and adjustment. 6
19. No rule concerning lying can be formulated; whether a lie is permissible or not permissible totally depends upon the situation. 7
20. Whether a lie is judged to be moral or immoral depends upon the circumstances surrounding the action. 7
Idealism scores are calculated by summing responses from items 1 to 10. Relativism scores are calculated by summing responses from items 11 to 20. The original response scale used was a 9point scale, although people often trim it back to a true Likert 5-point scale.
Please indicate if you agree or disagree with the following items. Each represents a
commonly h
eld opinion and there are no right or wrong answers. We are interested
in your reaction to such matters of opinion.
Rate your reaction to each statement by
writing a number to the left of each statement where:
1 = Completely disagree
2 = Largely disagree
3 = Moderately disagree
4 = Slightly disagree
5 = Neither agree nor disagree
6 = Slightly agree
7 = Moderately agree
8 = Largely ag
ree
9 = Completely agree
1. People should make certain that their actions never intentionally harm another
even to a small degree.
8
2. Risks to another should never be tolerated, irrespective of how small the risks
might be.
9
3. The existence of potential
harm to others is always wrong, irrespective of the
benefits to be gained.
8
4. One should never psychologically or physically harm another person.
9
5. One should not perform an action which might in any way threaten the dignity
and welfare of another indi
vidual.
8
6. If an action could harm an innocent other, then it should not be done.
9
7. Deciding whether or not to perform an act by balancing the positive
consequences of the act against the negative consequences of the act is immoral.
7
8. The dignity and
welfare of the people should be the most important concern in
any society.
8
9. It is never necessary to sacrifice the welfare of others.
8
Please indicate if you agree or disagree with the following items. Each represents a
commonly held opinion and there are no right or wrong answers. We are interested
in your reaction to such matters of opinion. Rate your reaction to each statement by
writing a number to the left of each statement where:
1 = Completely disagree
2 = Largely disagree
3 = Moderately disagree
4 = Slightly disagree
5 = Neither agree nor disagree
6 = Slightly agree
7 = Moderately agree
8 = Largely agree
9 = Completely agree
1. People should make certain that their actions never intentionally harm another
even to a small degree. 8
2. Risks to another should never be tolerated, irrespective of how small the risks
might be. 9
3. The existence of potential harm to others is always wrong, irrespective of the
benefits to be gained. 8
4. One should never psychologically or physically harm another person. 9
5. One should not perform an action which might in any way threaten the dignity
and welfare of another individual. 8
6. If an action could harm an innocent other, then it should not be done. 9
7. Deciding whether or not to perform an act by balancing the positive
consequences of the act against the negative consequences of the act is immoral. 7
8. The dignity and welfare of the people should be the most important concern in
any society. 8
9. It is never necessary to sacrifice the welfare of others. 8