Help with the following doc and time of 1 day to complete.
In this exercise you will run some simulations to recreate the three CONVERGENT plate tectonic settings (ocean-continent, ocean-ocean and continent-continent).
If necessary, review the three convergent scenarios at https://wwnorton.com/college/geo/earth5/animations- videos.aspx (click on Chapter 4, then on Plate Boundaries. Under Topics, click on Convergent).
General Instructions Open the enclosed Java application (plate-tectonics_en.jlnp).
If you cannot open it, you can also just go to the website https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/plate- tectonics and try running it without registering. If it gives you problems, register as a student. It’s free.
When you start a simulation, your window should look like this:
Familiarize yourself with this app. It’s really fun!
Follow the instructions below:
At the top of the window, select Manual Mode.
Along the bottom of the window, note there are 3 white boxes: A Toolbox, a three “crust blocks” in it.
box, and a with
The gray areas in between are “Earth’s surface” in perspective. Note the more or less vertical dashed line. This will become a “plate boundary” when you run the simulation.
Take a few minutes to click and drag different “crust blocks” to “Earth’s surface”. Click on the button Reset All after each trial. The tools in the Toolbox can also be clicked and dragged. Play with the these a bit and get familiar with them. We will only be using the Density tool.
You will submit – ON A SINGLE SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER
Three sketches, one for each convergent setting.
These will be LABELLED CROSS-SECTIONS of what you see on the screen after running each simulation. Keep the sketches simple! You don’t need to submit numbers or anything….
POINTS WILL BE TAKEN OFF IF YOU SUBMIT JUST A COPY OF THE SCREEN OR A SCREEN SHOT.
View large box
Simulation 1: Convergence of Oceanic and Continental Crust Click and drag a block of Continental Crust and a block of Young Oceanic Crust to Earth’s Surface.
On the View box, select to view Density, Show Labels, and Show Seawater.
From the Toolbox, click and drag the Density tool to Earth’s surface. Hold it over ocean crust (as shown on the right), then drag it over to the continent.
Which of the crust blocks is denser? Predict what will happen if convection in the Mantle pushes these two blocks together.
Now use the joy stick with the green arrow on top of it to “drive” the convergence. After about 12 million years you will see blobs of magma rising upwards from the Asthenosphere into the Lithosphere. They will intrude the Crust part of the Lithosphere some 6 million years later (Time Elapsed: 18 million years). After an additional 10 million years or so (Time Elapsed: 27 million years), they will start exiting through volcanoes!
Continue driving with the joy stick until 50 million years have elapsed. Then sketch the cross-section view of what you see*. You should label the following:
Continental Crust
Oceanic Crust
Lithosphere (both sides)
Asthenosphere (both sides)
Trench
Location of Volcanic Arc
Simulation 2: Convergence of two Oceanic Crust Blocks Click and drag a block of Young Oceanic Crust and a block of Old Oceanic Crust to Earth’s Surface.
Select the same views as above.
From the Toolbox, click and drag the Density tool to Earth’s surface. Compare the densities of the Young Oceanic Crust and the Old Ocean Crust. Which is denser? Which will subduct when convection pushes the two blocks together?
Be the convecting Asthenosphere and “drive” the convergence. Note how the volcanic islands form!
Continue driving with the joy stick until 50 million years have elapsed. Then sketch the cross-section view of what you see. Label your sketch with the same labels as the previous simulation.
Simulation 3: Convergence of two Continental Crust Blocks Click and drag two blocks of Continental Crust to Earth’s Surface.
Select the same views as above.
Compare the densities of the two blocks. Why will neither one subduct under the other??!
Drive the convergence for 35 million years and sketch the cross- section view of what you see. You will not need labels for a trench or a volcanic arc…. ‘cause there ain’t none!