NO PLAGIARISM DUE MONDAY APRIL 15, 2019. ATTACHED IS MY ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ARTICLE TO ASSIST WIT ASSIGNMENT
Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2
Annotated Bibliography
Tamara Golson
CRJ 201 Introduction to Criminal Justice
Instructor Timothy Knox
April 1, 2019
Rodriguez M. (2006) Language and Participation, California Law Review, volume 94; Retrieved from, https://www.jstor.org/stable/20439047?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
This article is about whether multilingualism in the United States endangers the future of American democracy. The author provides a positive theory that is centered on the importance of democratic participation and how the United States should approach multilingualism. There should be a translation in criminal proceedings. This will help in protecting non-culture specific due process. The article addresses the issue of a language barrier in criminal justice and provides thoughts on what should be done about it. According to the author, one has the right to use the language of their choice in certain circumstances and is entitled to an interpretation of non-culture specific rights. It is also important to consider linguistic and cultural dimensions.
This source is relevant to my final project because it provides insights on the issue of communication in multilingual communities. It also relates to the ideas discussed in case #1 since the defendant’s parents had no understanding of the English language. This shows how language is a crucial factor in the justice system.
Curtis, C. (2003). An Exploration of Critical Criminology and the Policy Making Process. Race, Gender & Class, retrieved from, https://www.jstor.org/stable/41675065?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
The author discusses crime and policies in place. According to the author, the future may still face issues such as severe sentences, continued high crime rates, and disparate impact on minorities. The policies in place have not provided effective solutions and hence there is a need for change on the crime policies.
This source is relevant to my final project as it explains the issues faced by the criminal justice system and the impact of the criminal policy. Therefore, it will help me in providing arguments on the topic. It relates to case #1 as they both present issues related to policies in criminal justice.
Wheelock, D. (2011). A jury of one's “peers”: the racial impact of felon jury exclusion in Georgia. Justice System Journal; retrieved from, https://www.jstor.org/stable/23268707?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
The article is about how African-Americans are overrepresented in felony convictions. Therefore, they end up being excluded from the jury service. According to the author, jury exclusion has reduced the pool of African-Americans who are eligible worldwide by a third. Among all the populations, African-Americans population is one which is highly excluded. According to the author’s study, counties that have a low population of African-American have highest levels of African-American exclusion.
This source is relevant to my final project and will help me since it provides important insights on how race plays a role in the jury. It relates to case #2 as they both address the issue of exclusion by race.
Newman, A. (1991). Eighth Amendment--Cruel and Unusual Punishment and Conditions Cases. J. Crim. L. & Criminology; retrieved from, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1143713?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
The author explains the unusual punishment and conditions through different cases such as that of Wilson v. Seiter. In this case, the prisoner stated that the prison conditions were cruel and there was unusual punishment which is in violation of the Eighth Amendment. In the case of Whitley v. Albers, a prison official was reported to have shot a prisoner while trying to end a riot.
This source is relevant and will help me in my final project since I will be able to use some cases presented in the source by providing arguments. This source relates to Case #3 as it presents certain issues that violate the Eighth Amendment rights.
Additional source
Lynch, M., & Haney, C. (2011). Mapping the racial bias of the white male capital juror: Jury composition and the “empathic divide”. Law & Society Review; retrieved from; https://www.jstor.org/stable/23011959?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
This article is about the nature of racial bias in death sentencing process. The author explains that white male jurors were more likely to sentence black defendants to death. Therefore, this is an indication that race plays a vital role in sentencing.
This source relates to case number 2. This source is relevant and will help me develop my final project as it is based on the racial bias which relates to the issues that will be presented by the project. Therefore, this source will be my supportive argument. It relates to case # 2 as both explain issues regarding race in criminal justice.
References
Curtis, C. (2003). An Exploration of Critical Criminology and the Policy Making Process. Race, Gender & Class, 144-162.
Greene, H. & Gabbidon, S. (2009). Encyclopedia of race and crime. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications.
Lynch, M., & Haney, C. (2011). Mapping the racial bias of the white male capital juror: Jury composition and the “empathic divide”. Law & Society Review, 45(1), 69-102.
Newman, A. (1991). Eighth Amendment--Cruel and Unusual Punishment and Conditions Cases. J. Crim. L. & Criminology, 82, 979.
Rodríguez, Cristina M. "Language and participation." Calif. L. Rev. 94 (2006): 687.
Roza, G. (2011). The Eighth Amendment : preventing cruel and unusual punishment. New York: Rosen Central.
Wheelock, D. (2011). A jury of one's “peers”: the racial impact of felon jury exclusion in Georgia. Justice System Journal, 32(3), 335-359.