math logic and axiom

ebra
ConsisKey.pdf

Consistency Models

Name:

Create a consistency model for the following axiom systems.

1. Axiom System II

The Primitive Terms: element, set, and in

Axiom 1: There exists at least one set.

Axiom 2: For each element, there exists exactly one other element such that no set contains both.

Axiom 3: Each set contains exactly two elements.

Axiom 4: Each element is contained in exactly four sets.

Solution: Let elements by points and sets be lines.

e1

e2

e3

e4

s1

s2

s3s4

s5

s6

s7s8

OR

e1

e2e3

e4e5

e6

s1s2

s3s4

s6s7 s8

s9

s10s12

s5 s11

2. Axiom System III The Primitive Terms: point, line, and on

Consider the following definitions:

Definition 1. Two lines are parallel if they are not on any common point.

Definition 2. Three or more points are called noncollinear if they are not all on one common line.

Consider the axioms:

Axiom 1: Every line is on at least one point.

Axiom 2: There exist at least two points.

Axiom 3: Any two distinct points are on exactly one common line.

Axiom 4: For each line there is at least one point not on it.

Axiom 5: If ` is a line and P is a point not on `, then there exists exactly one line on P parallel to `.

Solution:

p1

p2

p3

p4

l1

l2

l3

l4l5 l6

3. Axiom System IV

The Primitive Terms: player, team, and recruit

Axiom 1: There exists at least one team.

Axiom 2: Each team recruits exactly two players.

Axiom 3: For each team, there is exactly one other team such that no player is recruited by both.

Axiom 4: Each player is recruited by exactly two teams.

Solution: Let players be points and teams be lines

p1

p2

p3

p4

t1

t2

t3

t4

4. Axiom System V

The Primitive Terms: citizen, superhero, protect

Axiom 1: There exists at least one superhero.

Axiom 2: Each superhero protects exactly three citizens.

Axiom 3: Each pair of superheroes protects exactly two citizens in common.

Axiom 4: Each pair of citizens is protected by exactly two common superheroes.

Solution: Let citizens be points and superheroes be lines

c1

c2

c3

c4

s1

s2

s3s1

s3

s4

s4s2

5. Primitive terms: rider, tdragon, fly

Axiom 1: There exists at least one rider.

Axiom 2: Each rider flies on at least two dragons.

Axiom 3: Any pair of riders flies on exactly one common dragon.

Axiom 4: For every dragon, there are exactly three riders that do not fly it.

Solution:

r1

r2r3

r4r5

d1d2

d3d4

d5

d6d7 d8

d9

d10

6. Primitive terms: spaceship, master builder, build.

Axiom 1: There exists at least one master builder.

Axiom 2: Each spaceship is built by exactly three master builders.

Axiom 3: Every master builders builds exactly two spaceships.

Axiom 4: For each pair of spaceships is built by at most one common master builder.

Solution: Let spaceships be points and master builders be lines

s1

s2

s3

s4

m1

m2

m3

m4m5 m6