CIS505 Week 10 Term Paper Submission
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Term Paper: Networking
CIS 505: Communication Technologies
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Networking
Introduction:
This paper will produce much information about the Wireless technology which is the wider
communication type. It has many advantages, and many ethical and legal concerns. Also, there are
some mitigation mechanisms that can be used to protect the wireless connection from any bad issue.
So, it will research about the SWOT analysis of this technology to improve this communication type.
Next, the evolution of this technology will be presented in this paper with the future role in the next
years. Lastly, It will include the diagram of the Wireless technology communication structure.
The executive summary, and the importance of the wireless technology:
The Wireless is wider communication type which means synchronous connecting to many
devices via single modems without wires. IT has many advantages; like the following:
� It connects many devices remotely and in the same time; like the connections of the wireless
PC, wireless laptop, wireless printer, and wireless phone at the same time with the single
wireless router.
� Its signals can access all the locations, especially to the locations that impossible accessed via
the wires.
� It eliminates the dangerous of the wires in the home.
� It eliminates the cost of the wires.
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� The continuous connection between the device and the Internet, without reactivate the
connection every time.
All these good points in wireless connectivity make research on this topic is important. So, it
will research about the SWOT analysis of this technology to improve this communication type. Then,
it will explain some ethical and legal concerns that related with the wireless connection with the
mitigation mechanisms. Next, the evolution of this technology will be presented in this paper with the
future role in the next years. Lastly, it will include the diagram of the Wireless technology
communication structure. (science-technology-world.blogspot.com, 2009).
SWOT Analysis:
SWOT analysis Which refers to the Strength, Weakness, Threats, and Opportunities. It is
the assessment tool that used to analyze the external and internal business factors in order to
assess, and improve the products, or services of this business. The external factors include the
Threats and opportunities; while the internal factors include the Strengths and Weaknesses. The
strengths are the good characteristics, and the weakness are the bad characteristics; while the
threats are the vulnerabilities of the bad points, and the opportunities are the good points that can
be exploited by the manufacturers to enhance the products or the services. (Harmon et al., 2015).
The Wireless technology is like any other services have many characteristics with many
threats and opportunities. So, the SWOT analysis to the Wireless service as the following:
� The strengths:
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� It is free wire connection.
� It has Global coverage.
� It has the ability to access all the locations, especially the places that couldn't be
accessed by the wires.
� It has a flexible connection for many devices at the same time, with the ability to
improve the connection.
� It is used widely by many devices, satellite, wireless LAN WLAN, Pans, mobile
telephone, laptops, cellular phones, GPS, remote garage-door opener, etc.
� It is cheaper and easier to be maintained than the wire connection.
� Weaknesses:
� Its infrastructures are expensive.
� It is affected by the physical obstructions, and weather conditions.
� Sometimes, the interference occurs between many devices.
� The big effort is needed to safe the wireless connection. (Maru, 2014).
� Opportunities:
� There are many opportunities to resolve the wireless threats; protecting the
enterprise connection.
� It can find a policy framework for determining the protection requirements,
administration features, and so on.
� Protecting the sensitive data by many defensive mechanisms.
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� Threats:
� The security and privacy issues are very big threats (like the Denial of Service
DoS, and eavesdropping), and the biggest challenges of the wireless technology,
especially the growth of this problem is continuous. (Mathias, 2006).
An ethical and legal concerns:
There are many ethical and legal concerns with the using to the Wireless technology, and
every one of these issues because of many reasons and from many sources. The followings are
these ethical and legal concerns:
� The privacy: Keeping the personal information is a big challenge with the wireless
connection. The medical healthcare record is one of the sources that contain the personal
information about the patients. So, it must protect these documents away from an
intrusion or hacking tries. The using of the security defensive mechanisms (like the
antivirus, firewalls, IDS, etc.) is one of these protection types. Also, it can let the patients
to access their documents directly to keep their privacy.)
� The security: It is a very big issue that needs several defense mechanisms. The using of
the wireless means unlimited access to the resources and locations. Also, it means the
access to the personal information and sensitive data can be remote without the physical
entry. There are many sources of the security problem with the wireless communication;
like the Internet connection, the Web-based access, the unauthorized access, the
authentication, the viruses, the application, etc. every one of these threats need to be
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resolved by many procedures and steps that must be used by the users and companies.
(Ameen et al., 2012).
The security issue and its avoidance (with detail):
The Wireless connection is very big security challenge because of its free connection (no
physical connection), unlimited access to the information, and many other reasons. There are
many threats kinds that must be known to prevented or mitigated by many security defense
mechanisms:
� Threats:
� Access control attack: It is the attack that tries to access the network by the
wireless devices; like the MAC spoofing, Wardriving, etc.
� Confidentiality attack that can be used to access the private or sensitive
information when it transmitted over the Internet. Eavesdropping and Man in the
middle are the examples of this attack.
� Integrity attack is the attack that alters the information by controlling the wireless
connections; for example, the Denial of Service DoS attack.
� Authentication attack is used by the intruders to steal the account information of
the users to be used in another time to access the private network. The login
cracking, and VPN cracking are examples of this attack.
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� Availability attack is used to deny the user access to the information or services or
idle these sources that accessed by the users, like using the Denial of Service
attack. (Phifer, 2009).
The following are some countermeasures for mitigating practices to prevent the
vulnerabilities and threats from occurring:
� The Authentication vulnerability can be avoided by applying a strong session
management; like the choosing a strong password did not permit the system to remember
the account information, making the log out from the system correctly, and keeping the
expire date.
� The injection attack can be avoided by ensuring from any data before inputting it, to
prevent any exploiting to any data by the hacker.
� It can mitigate the risk of the Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack by being aware of any
link that must be trusted, and it did not have any special characters.
� Also, it can protect any Sensitive data from any exposure by using the strong algorithm to
save the password, using the encryption algorithms, and delete any additional data that is
not needed.
� Lastly, Invalidated redirects and forwards and using the sites with unknown
vulnerabilities can be avoided by preventing the using of the forwards and redirects links,
and it must use only the trusted webs. (Gregory, 2009).
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Also, there are some defense mechanisms to keep the security of the business, like the
following:
� The policies are some guidelines for some procedures and items that must be followed by
all the managers, employees, and administrators to keep the security. For examples of the
policy, items are deleting all unused data, limiting the legitimating for everyone in the
company, etc.
� The awareness and education programs are the rules of some practices like the preventing
the open to any suspicious link.
� The Mitigating to the vulnerabilities by some practices, such as the patch management,
access control management, least privilege, and so on.
� Mitigating the threats by some principles: "organizations should perform threat
mitigation to detect and stop malware before it can affect its targets. This section
describes several types of security tools that can mitigate malware threats: anti-virus
software, spyware detection and removal utilities, intrusion prevention systems (IPS), and
firewalls and routers." (Mell et al., 2005, pg. 3.6).
The Wireless technology evolution:
In the last years, an enormous evolution has occurred in the communication services,
especially with the Wireless connection.
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� It is supported in all smartphones. Many new standards appeared; like the 802.11ac
which increases the data bandwidth in the mobile devices with higher capacity. Also, the
appearing of the 802.11ad that is the multi-Gigabit in the short range. Then, the 802.11ah
was created to increase the battery life with the smart and sensor home. One of the big
achievements in the wireless is the solving to the traffic problem that increases the
throughput and data access. Therefore, the next generation of the wireless (802.11ac) is
3x throughput than the previous one, lower latency, and more bandwidth of the data.
� It became the center of the smart home, by the Universal technology. The home was
provided by many services (like, the Multimedia, various home operations, Life
management, and Bring Your Own Device BYOD technique.), and was connected via the
smart gateway to the Cloud computing technique.
� And, it opened the door for many new applications and services. (www.qualcomm.com,
2014).
The future of the Wireless technology:
The future of the Wireless technology is the competition to the wireless alternatives (like
the Bluetooth). It will create the new standards to compete for these alternatives in order to be
used by the products that use the IoT Internet of Things, and machine to machine applications.
The new standards are HaLow (802.11ha) will join the WiFi AC (802.11ac), and WiGig
(802.11ad). The WiGig uses the shorter bandwidth of the data (60 GHz) but with faster access
than the previous standard. Now, the HaLow will use the shortest bandwidth of data which is
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(900 MHz) with the fastest access. “But it's conceivable that the same underlying concepts could
be applied to new flavors of Wi-Fi -- for example, controlling the Wi-Fi ac and WiGig devices
and new Wi-Fi HaLow machines permitted to connect to corporate WLANs and carrier
networks, respectively.” (Phifer, 2016).
Figure (1): The Wireless technology communication structure
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Conclusion:
The wireless communication is the wide communication types. It has big importance
among the other technologies. Also, it has many advantages, and on another side, it has many
ethical and legal issues; like the privacy and security issues that must be avoided by many
security defense mechanisms. This technology was evolved in the late years, and it will improve
its services in the next years. This paper produced all these topics with more details, Lastly, it
contained the diagram for the Wireless technology communication structure.
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References
(science-technology-world.blogspot.com). (2009). The article of (Importance of Wireless Network).
Retrieved from http://science-technology-world.blogspot.com/2009/06/importance-of-wireless-
network.html
Harmon et al. (2015). The article of (SWOT analysis). Retrieved from Research Starter. Salem
Press Encyclopedia (Strayer university library).
Maru, D. (2014). The article of (Wireless Communication). Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/Darshan246/wireless-communication-30415774
Mathias, C. (2006). The article of (Wireless security: Threats, strategies, and opportunities for
the channel). Retrieved from http://searchitchannel.techtarget.com/tip/Wireless-security-Threats-
strategies-and-opportunities-for-the-channel
Ameen, M. et al. (2012). The article of (Security and Privacy Issues in Wireless Sensor
Networks for Healthcare Applications). Journal of Medical Systems (J MED SYST), Feb2012;
36(1): 93-101. (9p)
Phifer, L. (2009). The article of (A list of wireless network attacks). Retrieved from
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/feature/A-list-of-wireless-network-attack
Gregory, P. (2009). CISSP Guide to Security Essentials, 1e. (eBook)
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Mell et al. (2005). The article of (Guide to Malware Incident Prevention and Handling).
Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved from
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-83/SP800-83.pdf
(www.qualcomm.com). (2014). The article of (The Wi-Fi Evolution: An Integral part of the
wireless landscape), (pdf).
Phifer, L. (2016) The article of (Looking at the future of wireless technology at CES 2016).
Retrieved from http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/tip/Looking-at-the-future-of-wireless-
technology-at-CES-2016
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