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2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 1/8

Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes

Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes

Did you know .... Did you know wetlands play a critical role in soil and water interactions and have many ecological positives? Chapter 7 will cover soil aeration and temperature including how water and temperature effect soil properties and functions as well as wetlands.

Lecture content notes are accompanied by videos listed below the notes in each submodule (e.g. Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Videos A though D). Print or download lecture notes then view videos in succession alongside lecture content and add additional notes from each video. The start of each video is noted in parenthesis (e.g. Content for Video A) within each lecture note set and contains lecture content through the note for the next video (e.g. Content for Video B).

Figures and tables unless specifically referrenced are from the course text, Nature and Property of Soils, 14th Edition, Brady and Weil. .

Content Video A

Soil Aeration and Temperature 'Land, then is not merely soil; it is the fountain of energy flowing through a circuit of soils, plants, and anumals.' Aldo Leopod, A Sand County Almanac, 1949

Soil Air Composition and Exchange

AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S) LH

2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 2/8

Soil Gases and Aeration Respiration – Ventilation

Oxygen Availability

Macroporosity

Water content

Oxygen consumption

Oxygen limited: 0.1 L/L

80-90% Pore Space Water – 10-20% Air

Microbial Activity / Root Respiration limited

Water Saturation – Water Logged

http://www.tn.gov/tsla/exhibits/disasters/newmadrid.htm

Redox Redox Potential – Eh – potential to transfer electrons

Ionic Species – Valence State – Availability

Oxygen – Oxidizing Agent – TEA

Important Notes: Iron Looses Electron – 2+ to 3+ - Electrons are negatively charged, so it increases valence state.

Lower the pH – Produced an H+

BALANCE – Oxidation – Reduction

2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 3/8

Table 7.1 Common Soil Inorganics Reduced/Oxidized Forms

Aerated/Oxidizing Conditions: Eh 0.4 to 0.7 Volts

Anaerobic/Reducing Conditions: Eh 0.32 to 0.38 Volts

Content Video B

Ecological Effects Soil Aeration Microbial Community – Residue Breakdown

Inorganic Elements – Redox

Heavy Metals – Toxic

Soil Colors – Redox Status – Iron and Manganese

Greenhouse Gas Emission

Plant Roots – Oxygen needed

Content Video C

Wetlands Wet/Saturated/Anaerobic Conditions

Hydric Soils

Periods of saturation – Diffusion of Oxygen into soil limited

Reducing conditions

Redoxomorphic features

Hydrophytic plants

Wetland Value Species Habitat

Water Filtration

Flooding Reduction

Shoreline Protection

Recreation

2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 4/8

Recreation

http://photogallery.nrcs.usda.gov/res/sites/photogallery/

Content Video D

Soil Temperature

2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 5/8

More Processes Affected by Temperature Freeze/Thaw (f) – Frost Heaving (g)

Forrest Fire – Surface temperature increase, movement VOC downward, decreased infiltration rates

2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 6/8

Content Video E

Soil Temperature Temperature

Solar Radiation:

Small percentage used to heat soil

Lots of interception

Specific Heat

Energy for evaporation

Albedo – Reflection back off the surface

Aspect – Angle of the sun

Thermal Properties Specific Heat amount of energy required to increase the temperature of water by 1°C

2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 7/8

Specific Heat - amount of energy required to increase the temperature of water by 1 C

Heat of Vaporization – energy for evaporation HI

Thermal Conductivity

Managing Soil Temperature

2/21/2020 Soil Aeration and Temperature (Chapter 7) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)

https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403383/View 8/8

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