Chapter 6 Learning
Readings: Chapter 6
https://openstax.org/books/psychology/pages/preface
Additional Sources
Classically Conditioned Emotional Response by Frasier https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2c4_l2oe22U
Habit Formation
Do Video Games Cause Gun Violence?
https://youtu.be/xkVIqB8tw2A?t=326
Fill in the blanks as they relate to Classical Conditioning:
1. In classical conditioning, a(n) ______________ is paired with a US.
2. As a result of classical conditioning, a conditioned stimulus (CS) elicits a(n) ____________.
3. An unconditioned response (UCR) is elicited by a(n) __________________.
4. _________________ is the decrease in the conditioned response (CR) when the _________________ is no longer presented with the conditioned stimulus (CS).
5. When the CS elicits a CR, later, after extinction of a classically conditioned response has occurred, the process is called _______________________________________.
6. A child at the zoo walks by the lion cage. The lion roars and the child has a startle response (autonomic arousal). The child then runs to mommy and gets comforted and calms down. The next time the child sees the lion, she experiences autonomic arousal and runs to her mommy. In this example, identify the following:
UCS ____________________ UR _________________________
CS _____________________ CR _________________________
Based in operant conditioning, identify each example as either positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment OR negative punishment .
7. Maxine has a bad rash. Whenever she scratches it the itching goes away. Maxine continues to scratch her rash when it itches.
8. Heather tossed eggs at the school during Halloween. The principal caught her and made her wash all the windows in the school. Heather never threw eggs at the school again.
9. Doug threw eggs at his neighbor’s house during Halloween. His parents caught him and made him give his neighbor’s $25 to get their house cleaned. Doug never threw eggs at the neighbor’s house again.
10. Jorge handed in his homework on time and his teacher smiled at him. As a result, he continues to hand his homework in on time.
11. Ralph acted out in class and his teacher gave him a mean look. After this, Ralph never acted out in class again.
12. Bill curses at his teacher whenever she asks him to do his math problems. The teacher sends him to sit at the back of the room by himself for 15 minutes (and thus he gets out of doing math work) when he curses at her. He continues to curse at her when she tells him to do his math problems.
13. Wiley drives his pickup truck fast down a dirt road and spins around in the mud. As a result, he is more likely to drive his pickup truck fast down the dirt road.
14. Chad has a very painful headache. He takes 4 aspirin and the headache goes away. Chad continues to take aspirin when he has headaches.
15. Althea interrupts her parents and they scold her each time she interrupts. Althea continues to interrupt her parents.
16. Amanda tried to climb the fence into an apple orchard. The fence was electrified and gave her a shock. As a result, she doesn’t climb the fence anymore.
17. Mary was late to volleyball practice. The volleyball coach made Mary run 10 laps around the courts. As a result, Mary is no longer late to practice.
Identify each example as a primary or secondary reinforcer:
18. Money
19. Food
20. Oxygen