TEAM LEAD group discussions & self-assessment of Leadership Skills
Behavioral
Contingency
Trait
Integrative
The 4 Leadership Theory Classifications Include:
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This slide relates to XX-XX.
Summary Overview
XXXX
Major Title
Heading.
Chapter 5 Contingency Theory of Leadership
Behaviour Leadership Theories…
Gave us the idea that there are TWO leadership behaviour concepts. ALL leadership styles are based on these two concepts:
Leaders draw on:
Task Behaviour (Job, Structure, Production)
Relationship Behaviour (People, Democratic, Consideration)
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Contingency Leadership Theories
Attempt to explain the appropriate leadership style based on the leader, followers, and situation. In other words, the appropriate style of leadership
DEPENDS….
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Framework for Contingency Leadership Variables
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CONTINGENCY
LEADERSHIP
VARIABLES
FOLLOWERS
Capabilities
Motivation
LEADER
Personality traits
Behavior
Experience
SITUATION
Task
Structure
Environment
The Leader Variables
Impacted by the Leader’s
Personality
Behavioral preferred style
Experience
Expectations
Values
Background
Knowledge
Feeling of security
Confidence in subordinates
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The Follower Variables
Followers’ preferred style for the leader is based on
Personality
Behavior
Willingness to participate
Ability/Experience
Locus of Control
Confidence
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The Situation Variables
Is impacted by environmental considerations
Organization size
Organization structure
Organization climate
Organization goals
Organization technology
Upper-level managers
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Contingency Leadership Model
Used to determine if one’s style is task- or relationship-oriented, and if the situation matches the leader’s style to maximize performance
In your discussion groups:
1. complete assessment
2. discuss your dominate style?
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Path-Goal Theory
Evans and House suggest that the performance, satisfaction and motivation of a group can be affected by the leader in a number of ways:
Removing Performance Obstacles.
Clarifying paths towards goals.
Offering rewards for the achievement of these goals.
http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~gerard/MENG/ME96/Documents/Styles/conti.html#Topic3
Path-Goal Leadership Model
Employee
Variables
Situational
Variables
Leader
Behaviours
Directive
Supportive
Participative
Achievement-oriented
Leader
Effectiveness
Employee motivation
Employee satisfaction
Leader acceptance
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A person may do these by adopting a certain leadership style, according to the situation:
Directive leadership - Specific advice is given to the group and ground rules are established.
Supportive leadership - Good relations exist with the group and sensitivity to subordinates' needs is shown.
Participative leadership - Decision making is based on group consultation and information is shared with the group.
Achievement-oriented leadership - Challenging goals are set and high performance is encouraged while showing confidence in the groups' ability
E-to-P
Expectancy
P-to-O
Expectancy
Outcomes & Valences
Outcome 1
+ or -
Effort
Performance
Outcome 3
+ or -
Outcome 2
+ or -
Expectancy Theory of Motivation
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Situational Leadership
Task behaviour
Relationship
behaviour
Telling
Selling
Participating
Delegating
Match leadership style
with follower needs
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model
Source: Reprinted with permission from the Center for Leadership Studies. Situational Leadership® is a registered trademark of the Center for Leadership Studies. Escondido, California. All rights reserved.
S3
S2
S4
S1
STYLE OF LEADER
Task Behaviour
High
Low
High
High relationship
and low task
High task and
high relationship
Low relationship
and low task
Moderate
Follower Readiness
Low
High
Able
and
willing
Able
and
unwilling
Unable
and
willing
Unable
and
unwilling
R4
R3
R2
R1
High task and
low relationship
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(notes cont’d from slide 17)
3. SLT uses the same two leadership dimensions that Fiedler identified: task and relationship behaviour.
4. The two leadership dimensions are considered as either high or low and then combined into four specific leadership styles, as shown in Exhibit 8.6 on page 230.
5. Research efforts to test and support the theory generally have been disappointing, possibly because of internal ambiguities or inconsistencies in the model itself.
Be Prepared to Lead Video
Task behaviour
Relationship
behaviour
Direction
Influence
Collaboration
Delegation
Match leadership style
with follower needs
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
The Great Debate….
Situational Leadership is the best approach for leadership in the 21st century
The Expectancy Theory of Motivation is the best approach for leadership in the 21st century
Homework
Update your Reflections Journal
Read Chapter 9
Read article on Servant Leadership – discuss the essence of this approach to leadership online.
Team Leads for July 18 to facilitate this process
Sign up for Leader Essay – groups of four today
If you were on a debate team – complete your reflection and submit to D2L