Anticipation Guide
Literacy in the Early Grades Getting PreK-4 Readers and Writers Off to a Successful Start Third Edition Chapter 4
Gail E. Tompkins
California State University, Fresno
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Chapter 4 Phonemic Awareness
Phonemic Awareness refers to children’s basic understanding that speech is composed of a series of individual sounds. It provides the foundation for phonics and spelling.
As children manipulate sounds orally, they learn to blend and segment. They apply these oral strategies to written language for decoding and spelling words.
Chapter 4
Teachers help students develop phonemic awareness by using:
Sound-Matching Activities
Sound-Isolation Activities
Sound-Blending Activities
Sound Addition & Substitution Activities
Sound-Segmentation Activities
Chapter 4 Phonics
Phonics is the set of relationships between phonology (the sounds in speech) and orthography (the spelling system).
Children apply their phonics knowledge to decode a word when they:
Sound it out
Decode by analogy
Apply phonics rules
Chapter 4
The Most Useful Phonics Rules
Two sounds of c (cute, cat; city, cycle)
Two sounds of g (go, gate; giant, gym)
CVC pattern (cat, dog)
Final e or CVCe pattern (kite, home)
CV pattern ( go, be)
R-controlled vowels (car, dear)
-igh (high, night)
Kn- and wr- (knee, knock ; write, wrong)