Chapter 3 The Microcultural Context

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The Microcultural Context

Intercultural Communication: Principles and Practice.

FLAN 3440

Learning Objectives

  • Define and explain the concept of amicroculture and the criteria formembership.
  • Recount the fundamental assumptions ofthe muted group theory.
  • Provide examples of the variousmicrocultures in the U.S.

The Cultural/MicroculturalContext

Activity

  • Write down the first three words thatcome to your mind when youhear/read the terms said by yourprofessor.
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TERM

Your words

Activity

  • Write down the first three words thatcome to your mind when youhear/read the terms said by yourprofessor.
A person using a computer Description automatically generated

This Photoby Unknown Author is licensed underCC BY-NC

Terms

Terms

Middle Eastern

Hispanic

Amish

Asian American

Mexican

Arab

African American

Farsi

White

Arab American

Asian

Gay/Lesbian

Chinese

Christian

Hmong

French

Muslim

Canada

MicroculturalGroup Status

  • Physical or cultural trait
  • Membership is usually not voluntary
  • Generally practice endogamy
  • Awareness of subordinate status
  • Experience unequal treatment
http://www.thegeminiweb.com/babyboomer/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/amish-people.jpg

Muted Microcultural Groups

  • Lack of Linguistic Power
  • –Not able to communicate freely
  • –No contribution to the construction of language
  • –No words or symbols to represent their group
http://www.lagrantcommunications.com/images/hispanic_main.jpg
http://www.ineedmotivation.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/aahd064_8x10rev-dr-martin-luther-king-jr-posters.jpg
http://naturallanguages.net/upload/image/Arab%20Month/arab%20fam.jpg
http://www.thegeminiweb.com/babyboomer/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/amish-people.jpg
http://festival.asianamericanmedia.org/files/2008/06/daniel-wu.jpg
American Indians

MicroculturalGroup Response

  • Attempt to change the dominant mode ofexpression
  • Create their own “private” language
http://www.lagrantcommunications.com/images/hispanic_main.jpg
http://www.ineedmotivation.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/aahd064_8x10rev-dr-martin-luther-king-jr-posters.jpg
http://naturallanguages.net/upload/image/Arab%20Month/arab%20fam.jpg
http://www.thegeminiweb.com/babyboomer/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/amish-people.jpg
http://festival.asianamericanmedia.org/files/2008/06/daniel-wu.jpg
American Indians

Microcultures in the U.S.

  • Formation Process
  • Hispanic/Latino
  • African American
  • Asian Americans
  • The Amish
  • Hmong
  • LGBTQA+
http://www.lagrantcommunications.com/images/hispanic_main.jpg
http://www.ineedmotivation.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/aahd064_8x10rev-dr-martin-luther-king-jr-posters.jpg
http://naturallanguages.net/upload/image/Arab%20Month/arab%20fam.jpg
http://www.thegeminiweb.com/babyboomer/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/amish-people.jpg
http://festival.asianamericanmedia.org/files/2008/06/daniel-wu.jpg
American Indians

Hispanic/Latino

  • Size: 17% of theU.S. population
  • Values: Family,Language, Religion
  • CommunicationPattern:collectivistic
  • Stereotype:Machismo

© iStockphoto.com/monkeybusinessimages

Black Americans

  • Size: 14% of U.S.population.
  • Communication:Ebonics
  • Stereotypes:poor, indifferentto poverty

© iStockphoto.com/kali9

Asian Americans

  • Size: 6% of the U.S.population
  • Values & CommunicationStyles:
  • –Collectivism
  • –Conforming to norms
  • –Emotional self-control
  • –Family recognitionthrough achievement
  • –Filial piety
  • –Humility
  • Stereotypes: Modelminority; Competent butcold

© iStockphoto.com/imtmphoto

SOURCE: Elliott, C., Adams, R. J., &Sockalingam, S. (2010). Summaryof Normative CommunicationStyles and Values. Retrieved fromhttp://www.awesomelibrary.org/multiculturaltoolkit-styleschart-normative.html

Native Americans/American Indians

  • Size: 2% of U.S.population
  • Membership:IndividualTribesdeterminecriteria
  • –BloodQuantum
  • –Pure Blood

© iStockphoto.com/tatianatatiana

Native Americans/American Indians

  • CommunicationPatterns: HighContext, Collectivism
  • Stereotypes: redmen, Indianaprincesses, childrenof nature
A picture containing text, book Description automatically generated

This Photoby Unknown Author is licensed underCC BY-SA

Arab Americans

  • Size: 3.6 million U.S.citizens have roots inan Arab country
  • CommunicationPatterns: Religiousexpressions common,repetition, descriptivemodifiers, high context
  • Stereotypes: evilterrorists; naïvecharacter who pursuesextravagance; BedouinArab living in a tent

© iStockphoto.com/XavierArnau

LGBTQA+

  • Distinguishingcultural trait: SexualOrientation
  • Membershipvoluntary orinvoluntary?
  • Endogamy is possibleall states now
  • Awareness andUnequal Treatmentby the largerdominant group

© iStockphoto.com/David Henderson

Gayspeak

  1. Protects against detection of one’sLGBTQA+ status.
  2. Facilitates the expression of gay andlesbian roles within gay culture.
  3. Is a vehicle for political identity andactivism.

Stereotypes: behavioral and manner ofspeaking

Summary

  • Defined Microculture
  • Exploredthe following Microcultures:
  • –Hispanics/Latinos
  • –Black Americans
  • –Asian Americans
  • –Native Americans/American Indians
  • –Arab Americans
  • –LGBTQ