Setting the Table by Danny Meyer paper
Cost Control Chapter 11
David K. Hayes | Allisha A. Miller | Jack D. Ninemeier
The Professional Restaurant Manager
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Cost of goods sold: food
The actual cost of the food used to generate food revenue for a specific time period; also called
adjusted food cost or net food cost.
Cost of goods sold: beverage
The actual cost of the beverages used to generate beverage revenue for a specific time period; also called adjusted beverage cost or net beverage
cost
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© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Managers Calculate Cost of Goods Sold:
To compare the operating budget with
actual costs
To include as an entry on the property’s income statement
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Calculation of Cost of Goods Sold
Income statement
A summary of the restaurant’s profitability that details revenues generated, costs incurred and
profits or losses realized during a specific accounting period
Also called a profit and loss statement (P&L) or an income and expense statement
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Calculation of Cost of Goods Sold
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Food and Beverage Cost Percentages
Food-cost percentage The percentage of food revenue used to purchase
the food that generated the revenue.
Beverage-cost percentage The percentage of beverage revenue used to
purchase the beverage that generated the revenue.
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Food and Beverage Cost Percentages
Prime costs The term used to describe the sum of food and
beverage costs plus labor costs.
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Food and Beverage Cost Percentages
COGS: food
(Unadjusted)
Food revenue
Food cost %
(Unadjusted)
COGS: Bev.
(Unadjusted)
Bev. revenue
Bev. cost %
(Unadjusted)
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Concerns About Cost of Goods Sold
Inventory turnover rate The speed with which food or beverage inventory is turned into revenue within a specific time period
* Average inventory = (Beginning inventory + Ending inventory) ÷ 2
Cost of goods sold
(food or beverage)
Average inventory (food or
beverage)*
Inventory turnover
rate
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Concerns About Cost of Goods Sold
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Factors Affecting Costs
Menu Food preparation methods
Desired service levels
Quality of employee training
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Five-Step Labor Control System
• Select productivity measuresStep 1
• Forecast revenues Step 2
• Establish staffing requirementsStep 3
• Schedule staffStep 4
• Evaluate labor control resultsStep 5
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Five-Step Labor Control System
Lunch and Dinner Labor Cost Percentages Meal Period Cost of Labor Revenue Labor Cost % Lunch $2,500.00 $5,000.00 50.0% Dinner $4,000.00 $12,000.00 33.3% Total $6,500.00 $17,000.00 38.2%
Cost of Labor Revenue
Labor Cost %
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Five-Step Labor Control System
Total Revenue
Total Labor Hours Used
Revenue per
Labor Hour
Total Labor Dollars
Number of Guest Served
Labor Dollars
per Guest
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
Five-Step Labor Control System
Guest Served
Labor Hours Used
Guests Served
per Labor Hour
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
• Days and dates covered • Employees’ first and last names • Days to work and scheduled days off • Start and stop times • Total hours to work • Requested vacation time or personal days off • On/off days for salaried personnel • Date of schedule preparation • Name of manager preparing/approving the schedule
Effective employee schedules should always indicate:
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
• Develop a productivity target and schedule to meet it
• Determine forecasted revenue • Schedule for the needs of guests first and
employees second • Avoid scheduling overtime whenever possible • Use part-time employees for peak-volume
periods
When preparing employee schedules:
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Food and Beverage Costs
• Minimize split shifts • Grant employee schedule requests when
possible • Be fair when scheduling preferred work periods • Comply with all applicable laws and company
policies • Communicate scheduling decisions in a timely
manner
When preparing employee schedules:
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Other Costs
Variable Costs and Fixed Costs
• Food • Labor
Variable costs are those that change in direct proportion to changes in revenue.
• Rent • Insurance
Fixed costs are those that do not vary as revenue changes.
Book Title Author name
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2014 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
The Professional Restaurant Manager, 1e David K. Hayes, Allisha A. Miller, and Jack D. Ninemeier
Managing Other Costs
Common Restaurant Costs