Cultural assignment

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chap1w1notes.docx

culture UNESCO definition;

The United Nations agency UNESCO has defined culture as the "set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual, and emotional features of society or a social group, and that it encompasses, in addition to art and literature, lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs.

culture definition;

Culture is defined as the complex whole of a society. This can include everything that gives a society its identity. five basic characteristics that all cultures have in common. These characteristics are that all cultures share are learned, shared, symbolic, integrated_, and dynamic.

Culture identity

Cultural identity  is the identity or feeling of belonging to a group. It is part of a person's self-conception and self-perception and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture

Ethnic identity  

is defined as a sense of belonging based on one's ancestry, cultural heritage, values, traditions, rituals, and often language and religion. Ethnic identity is thus composed of more or less connected facts that can vary across immigrant groups and across situations.

How are culture and identity related? How are they different from one another?

Culture  is part and parcel of all that we do, all that we are, all that we can and might become. Culture is the way of life of a group of people, social life happens to be structured in a particular way. Identity means knowing who you are..

Self Identity  is composed of relatively permanent self-assessments, such as personality attributes, knowledge of one's skills and abilities, one's occupation and hobbies, and awareness of one's physical attributes.

I begin to explain the difference between material and not material culture. ...  Culture  is the way of life of a group of people, social life happens to be structured in a particular way.  Identity  means knowing who you are. Culture and identity are frequently linked but they should not be seen exactly as the same concept.

Culture  Influences Identity Identity is influenced by many factors, with some more obvious then others. ... The cultural influence a person is surrounded by plays a large role in the development of their identity

Culture 

is the combination of values, beliefs, and practices of a particular group

Cultural identity  

is the identity or feeling of belonging to a group. It is part of a person's self-conception and self-perception and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture

Cultural diversity  

is important  because our country, workplaces, and schools increasingly consist of various cultural, racial, and ethnic groups. We can learn from one another, but first we must have a level of understanding about each other in order to facilitate collaboration and cooperation

Cultural Influences

Cultural influences means historical, geographical, and familial factors that affect assessment and intervention processes.There are three general sources of influence or pressure that are responsible for both change and resistance to it: 1. Within a society, processes leading to change include invention and culture loss. Inventions may be either technological or ideological.

How is culture influenced?

One factor that influences culture can be national identity. The experiences of a group of people on the level of one's nation can play a large role in determining culture, for example, "American culture" or "Indian culture." Another element that can help determine culture is language.

culture theories

(the various aspects of culture)

Cultural studies  is an innovative interdisciplinary field of research and teaching that investigates the ways in which “culture” creates and transforms individual experiences, everyday life, social relations and power.

Literary Theory. "Literary theory" is the body of ideas and methods we use in the practical reading of literature. ... Lastly, literary theory in recent years has sought to explain the degree to which the text is more the product of a culture than an individual author and in turn how those texts help to create the culture. There are so many aspects of culture, and although many are widely accepted, not all sociologists agree on the way that culture should be studied. Let's examine three of the most common theoretical approaches used to analyze culture: structural-functional theory, social conflict theory, and sociobiology.

The cultural difference theory  is based on the idea that students who are raised in different cultural settings may approach education and learn in different ways. ... People from different cultural traditions may have an approach to education that differs from the mainstream approach used in American schools.

Critical theory  is the reflective assessment and critique of society and culture by applying knowledge from the social sciences and the humanities. ... Critical theory maintains that ideology is the principal obstacle to human liberation.

n the 19th century, " culture " was used by some to refer to a wide array of  human  activities, and by some others as a synonym for " civilization ". In the 20th century,  anthropologists  began theorizing about culture as an object of scientific analysis. Some used it to distinguish human  adaptive strategies  from the largely  instinctive  adaptive strategies of  animals , including the adaptive strategies of other  primates  and non-human  hominids , whereas others used it to refer to symbolic  representations  and expressions of human experience, with no direct adaptive value. Both groups understood culture as being definitive of  human nature .

According to many  theories  that have gained wide acceptance among anthropologists, culture exhibits the way that humans interpret their  biology  and their  environment . According to this point of view, culture becomes such an integral part of human  existence  that it is the human environment, and most cultural  change  can be attributed to human adaptation to  historical events . Moreover, given that culture is seen as the primary adaptive mechanism of humans and takes place much faster than  human biological evolution , most cultural change can be viewed as culture adapting to itself.

Although most anthropologists try to define culture in such a way that it separates human beings from other animals, many human traits are similar to those of other animals, particularly the traits of other primates. For example,  chimpanzees  have big  brains , but human brains are bigger. Similarly,  bonobos  exhibit complex  sexual behaviour , but human beings exhibit much more complex  sexual behaviours . As such, anthropologists often debate whether  human behaviour  is different from  animal behaviour  in degree rather than in kind; they must also find ways to distinguish cultural behaviour from sociological behaviour and  psychological  behavior.

Acceleration and amplification of these various aspects of culture change have been explored by complexity economist,  W. Brian Arthur . In his book, The Nature of Technology, Arthur attempts to articulate a  theory of change  that considers that existing technologies (or material culture) are combined in unique ways that lead to novel new technologies. Behind that novel combination is a purposeful effort arising in human motivation. This articulation would suggest that we are just beginning to understand what might be required for a more robust theory of culture and culture change, one that brings coherence across many disciplines and reflects an integrating elegance.

cultures transform

Culture transformation  is a shift that can take place throughout an entire organization or in individual departments and teams. ... transformation  is therefore a process whereby, over time, people behave differently and the organization benefits in some fashion as a result.

Culture  can also change in certain situations. New philosophical ideas and technological advances can lead to cultural change. Cultural change can also occur through diffusion, when contact with other cultures and ideas are transferred.

There are three general sources of influence or pressure that are responsible for both change and resistance to it: 1. Within a society, processes leading to change include invention and culture loss. Inventions may be either technological or ideological.

culturally acceptable

Cultural appropriation  is considered harmful by various groups and individuals, including Indigenous people workingfor cultural preservation, those who advocate for collective intellectual property rights of the originating, minority cultures, and those who have lived or are living under colonial rule.

How does culture affect change?

Culture can  also change in certain situations. New philosophical ideas and technological advances can lead to cultural changeCultural change can also occur through diffusion, when contact with other cultures and ideas are transferred.

Importance  of Cultural Change

Culture  is automatically changing in the society, however, the changing of the culture, values and beliefs with the passage of time, is important in the society, because in this way the environment can be shaped in the better way, people can get the understanding about the modernization Within a society, processes leading to change include invention and culture loss. Inventions may be either technological or ideological. ... Within a society, processes that result in the resistance to change include habit and the integration of culture  traits

Causes of Cultural Change

Cultural changes  are set in motion in three ways. The first is invention, the process of creating new cultural elements. ... The third cause of cultural change is diffusion, the spread of cultural traits from one society to another. The standard belief is that culture change takes 2-3 years to occur

How are cultures sustained? How are they lost?

Local cultures are sustained through customs. ... Local cultures usually work to avoid cultural appropriation, the process by which other cultures adopt customs and knowledge and use it for their own benefit. Members of a local culture usually have and easier time maintaining their cultures because of their isolation.Organization cultures are created by a variety of factors, including founders' values and preferences, industry demands, and early values, goals, and assumptions. Culture is maintained through attraction-selection-attrition, new employee onboarding, leadership, and organizational reward systems.

Note that - Culture is transmitted to employees in a number of ways. The most significant are stories, rituals, symbols, and language. ... For example, awards given to employees on “founders' day”, Gold medals given to students on graduation day are reflections of culture of that institution.

a-STATE TRUE OR FALSE

1. culture as the "set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual, and emotional features of society or a social group ( )

2. Cultural identity is the  feeling of belonging to a group ( )

3. Ethnic identity  is defined as a sense of belonging based on one's ancestry( )

4. Self Identity is composed of relatively permanent self-assessments, such as personality attributes, ( )

5. our country, workplaces, and schools increasingly consist of various cultural( )

6. One factor that influences culture can be national identity( )

7. Literary theory" is the body of ideas and methods we use in the practical reading of literature( )

8. The cultural difference theory is based on the idea that students who are raised in different cultural settings may approach education and learn in different ways( )

answer in detail the following questions

1-If you were describing Canadian culture to a friend from another country, what elements would you focus on?

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2-What cultures are unfamiliar to you? What cultures are connected to you? Why……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3-Which aspects of your culture(s) are a core part of your identity? Why?

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4-You watched a video about culture in class , discuss your points of view and your comments and conclusion , using comparing analysis set your notes below?

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