Report
Leadership Studies:
· Trait Perspective - characteristics of effective leaders
. Intelligence
. Enthusiasm
. Domiancne
. Self Confidence
. Social Participation
. Egalitarianism
Functional Perspective:
· Examines leadership as behaviors performed by a group member that may help maximize group effectiveness
Task Leadership
· Initiating
· Coordinating
· Summarizing
· Elaborating
Process Leadership
· Releasing tension
· Gatekeeping
· Encouraging
· Mediating
Situational Perspective
- adapting style to context
Leadership Styles
· Authoritarian
. Leader makes all policy decision
· Democratic
. Try to involve members in decisions
. Laissez-Faire
. Complete freedom for the group
. Policies are a matter of group discussion
These leaders “strive to change, elevate, and unify the goals of followers as well as inspire them to pursue challenging and shared objectives.”
· Four defining characteristics
. Idealized leadership - seeks to create an inspiring vision of how things can be
. Inspirational motivation - ability to stir followers to action
. Intellectual stimulation - ability to engage followers in challenging the status quo and assumptions about processes
. Individual consideration - ability to be supportive and to nurture each individual's positive attributes, qualities, and strengths in support of greater good
Transformational Leadership:
· Change organization by aligning culture with new vision
· Building shared vision
· Surfacing & testing mental models
· Systems thinking
Emergent Leadership in Small Groups
· Minnesota Studies (Ernest Bormann) - Who is most likely to emerge as the perceived leader of a leaderless discussion group?
. Leaders emerge through a method of residues (Group members are rejected for role of leader until only one remains)
. First eliminated - quit ones who do not actively participate
· Task motivated group members
. Rejected a contender too concerned about feelings to be decisive
· Process oriented
. Reject those they saw that are too concerned