Introduction
The human body has integrated systems that, when working together, ensure the needed survival of the human being. For starters there are four main vital organs in which all other systems originate from. They include; the Brain, the Heart, the Kidneys, the Liver and the Lungs. Other than the mentioned vital organs of the body there are vast systems that accommodate the organs mentioned and their functions show how the entire human body works can be grouped as follows:
The Circulatory System – This system is responsible for blood circulation throughout the body. The circulatory system as a whole consists of the heart, the blood vessels and the blood. According to the U.S National Library of Medicine, the circulatory system consists of three independent systems which include; the heart (Cardiovascular); lungs (Pulmonary); and the arteries, veins, coronary and portal veins (Systemic).
The Digestive System. - This system consists of a long series of interconnected continuous body organs that make sure that food is broken down, digested, nutrients are absorbed and all the waste that is formed through the process is excreted. Once food enters into the body system through the mouth, it is chewed up, broken down in unison by the teeth, tongue and the saliva. From there the food goes its way down to the stomach through the esophagus where the food is rolled up into small round balls to enable an involuntary process of swallowing. In the stomach, gastric juice is produced to breakdown proteins and kill harmful bacteria. As food goes through the duodenum, the pancreas and the gall bladder further produce more enzymes for further digestion. When the food enters the small intestines majority of the absorption takes place. By the time the chime passes into the colon, all that is left is waste. The colon absorbs water and ferments the chime into feaces. Feaces are then stored in the rectum before being let out of the body through defecation.
The Endocrine System - The endocrine system consists of glands that produce hormones that in process regulate body metabolism, body growth and development, reproductive functions, sexual functions, sleep, mood changes together with other things. Glands that make up the endocrine system include; thyroid glands, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, the pituitary glands, the pancreas, the ovaries in females and testicles in males.
The Immune System - The immune system is what protects the body against external dangerous micro bodies and diseases. A proper immune system identifies several threats in the body including the bacteria, parasites and viruses and then eliminates the threat from the body to maintain healthy organs. The white blood cells are the main guards of the body system.
The Lymphatic System - The lymphatic system is very similar to the circulatory system In that it also consists of (lymphatic) vessels. But instead of blood flowing through the vessels, a creamy-white fluid called the lymph is circulated instead. The lymph contains white blood cells that fight infections. The lymphatic system gets rid of toxic and unwanted materials from the body. Other parts of the lymphatic system include the thymus, spleen, adenoids and the tonsils.
The Nervous System - This system consists of the brain, the spinal cord and a series of sensitive interconnected nerves that run throughout the body. This system triggers sense of touch, pain pleasure together with many others
The Muscular System - The muscles that run throughout the body assist in many body functions such as movements. Skeletal muscles are usually connected to the bones. These strong muscles are the ones that enable movement. The smooth muscles are located in internal organs and they help in the movement of substances within the body. Cardiac muscles are usually located at the heart and they help in the pumping of the blood.
The Reproductive System - The male reproductive system consists of the penis and the testes which produces sperms. The female reproductive system consists of the vagina, cervix, uterus and the ovaries that produces eggs. Since this system enables humans to reproduce, during a successful copulation a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell to form a fertilized egg which then grows in the uterus for nine months till it is conceived.
The Skeletal System - There are around 206 bones in the human body and they are connected to each other by tendons ligaments and cartilage. The skeleton are involved in the production of white blood cells and also stores calcium.
The Respiratory System - This system is made up of the lungs, trachea and the diaphragm. During the breathing process, they help take in of useful Oxygen into the blood system and the expulsion of the unwanted Carbon dioxide to the air.
The Urinary System - The main player in this system is the kidney. With the help of two ureters, urine produced in the kidney after blood cleansing is taken to the bladder where it is stored. The sphincter muscles located at the bottom of the bladder keeps the urine from getting out. The urine is then excreted out of the body as the sphincter muscles loosen to let the urine flow into the urethra as the fluid exits the human body.
The Integumentary System - This is the largest organ of the body. It consists of the skin. The skin protects the body from external harm, it also assists in the regulation of the body temperature and eliminates waste from the body through sweat. Other parts of the integumentary system include the hair and the nails.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion it is important to note that all the body systems are very connected and one cannot function effectively without the activity of another. As a result, just by studying the vital organs alone and their functions, how the human body function could be noted easily.
Whereas the brain acts as the overall coordinator of the entire body system to ensure that no system ‘forgets’ its work, the heart pumps blood containing oxygen and nutrients that nourishes the entire body including the brain. On the other hand the liver and the kidney do their job in purifying the same blood the heart pumps to all body organs. The lungs does its necessary job of keeping the body running by providing the necessary oxygen since all body organs require oxygen for them to function.
Work cited
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