Behavioral Health
Running Head: BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 1
Behavioral Health
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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 2
Behavioral Health
Question 1
Figure 10-1: Prevalence of any mental illness among U.S Adults
The graph displays statistics about mental welfare received in 2014 by the adult
population in the United States of America aged 18 years and above with any mental disorder.
According to the graph, 18.1% of the total adult population were found to have AMI’s. The
female population were more affected with 21.8% as compared to the male population with 14.1
%. From the graph, the AMI was most prevalent amongst adults aged 26 years to 49 years with
20.4 % followed by those aged 18 to 25 years with 20.1 % and those above 50 years with 15.4
%. The prevalence was also highest amongst adults with more than two races who registered
27.1 % followed by NH/OPI with 22.3 %. The Asians were the least affected amongst the other
races with 13.2% prevalence.
Figure 10-2: Prevalence of serious mental illness among U.S Adults
The graph displays statistics about mental welfare received in 2014 by the adult
population in the United States of America aged 18 years and above with serious mental disorder.
According to the graph, 4.1% of the total adult population were found to have serious mental
illnesses. The female population were more affected with 5% as compared to the male population
with 3.1 %. From the graph, the serious mental illnesses were most prevalent amongst adults
aged 26 years to 49 years with 4.9 % followed by those aged 18 to 25 years with 4.8 % and those
above 50 years with 3.1 %. The prevalence was also highest amongst adults with more than two
races who registered 4 % followed by whites with 4.4 %. The Asians were the least affected
amongst the other races with 2.4% prevalence.
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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 3
Figure 10-3: Top leading disease/disorder categories contributing to U.S. disability-adjusted
life years (DALYs) (2010)
The graph presents data about how different diseases contributed to U.S DALYs in 2010.
From the graph, it is evident that the neuropsychiatric disorder was the leading cause of DALYs
both in the mental and behavioral disorders category and the neurological disorders category.
Cardiovascular and circulatory diseases follows amongst the disorders within the mental and
behavioral disorders followed by Neoplasms with 15.1%, musculoskeletal disorders with 11.8%,
and diabetes, urogenital blood, and endocrine disease with 8%. The least contributors are
transport injuries with 3% and self-harm and interpersonal violence with3.1% (Giedd.et.al,
2015).
Figure 10-4: U.S. DALYs for Mental and Behavioral Disorders as percent of Total U.S
DALYs
The graph presents statistics about the percentage of total U.S DALYs contributed by
different mental disorders in the mental and behavioral category. From the graph, it is evident
that major depressive disorder is the leading cause of DALY amongst all the disorders within the
mental and behavioral disorders with 3.73 %. It is followed by drug use disorders with 2.61 %,
anxiety disorders with 2.28 % and alcohol use disorders with 1.4%. The least contributors are
idiopathic intellectual disability with 0.06 % and other mental and behavioral disorders with 0.12
%.
The mental Health Parity and addition equity act of 2008
This is an enforcement that demands for equal treatment of all patients regardless of
whether they have mental illnesses in all private and public health facilities. The act demands
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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 4
that the quality of welfare plan for drug abuse and mental healthiness to be compared with the
quality of other health benefits, without any restrictions. This implies that no plan can be
executed while it included limited restrictive visits or if it imposed high cost sharing or applied
more tedious before approval or concomitant appraisal necessities on MH/SUD welfares with
comparison to similar medical or surgical benefits (McGinty.et.al, 2015).
According to the Act, insurance is complex while parity is somewhat simple. Parity
means that health plans ought to handle addiction the same way it handles other ailments.
However, the Parity Act have not been wholly effected. Consequently, many individuals have
ended up facing various hindrances while seeking medical assistance. Some have been denied
coverage through illegal channels while others find it hard to navigate the complicated insurance
process especially when encountering a crisis (Sipe.et.al, 2015).
In a previously carried out research, it was established that there is extensive non-
compliance with the Affordable Care Act which demands that addiction treatment be covered.
This is because inaccessibility of affordable and efficient treatment contributes a great deal to the
death of many people attributed to addiction (Barry, Goldman & Huskamp, 2016).
National institute of mental health
This is the main state agency that carries out investigation on mental health. It aims at
changing the comprehension and handling of mental disorders via elementary and medical
research, thus creating way for deterrence and treatment. The NIMH plays a number of roles in a
bid to harness logical information and apparatuses to accomplish better comprehension,
treatment, and finally, prevention of the restricting state of affairs (Teachman.et.al, 2018).
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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 5
The agency is required to support and conduct study on mental health and the underlying
basic science of the human brain and behaviorism. It also support the training of mental health
specialists to carry out basic and medical health research. The agency also communicates with
scientific specialists, mental health victims, health providers, as well as the community at large
regarding the science of psychological health.
The National Institute of Mental Health influences the access to and utilization of
healthcare services in a number of ways. NIMH supports studies done in educational institutions
and medical centers, and cooperative agreements through funding research. This has enhanced
further learning and establishment of information regarding mental health, which is very vital in
ensuring that people suffering from mental illnesses are well treated.
The National Institute of Mental Health has also played a key role in utilization of
healthcare through creating awareness to the general public. It assists a larger population to learn
about different aspects of mental healthiness. For instance, people have learnt on ways of
improving their mental health. They have also learnt the different ways through which they can
prevent being victims of the illnesses (Garvey, Avenevoli & Anderson, 2016).
The agency has also pressured for the coverage of the mental illnesses like any other
disease. This is derived from the mental Health Parity and addition equity act that states that all
the mental health patients need to be treated like any other disease (Ettner.et.al, 2016). They are
therefore required to be covered like any other patient. The NIMH demands that the act be
effected fully for the reason that a few of the patients of addiction have not been covered, based
on a research that have been carried out previously.
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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 6
The NIMH has also collaborated with Psychiatric Drug Discovery and hence is able to
carry out further investigation regarding the mental illnesses attributed to drug use and abuse.
This has made it easier for the institute to champion for their treatment given that there is a
widespread knowledge about the diseases (Goldfried, 2016).
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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 7
References
Barry, C. L., Goldman, H. H., & Huskamp, H. A. (2016). Federal parity in the evolving mental
health and addiction care landscape. Health Affairs, 35(6), 1009-1016.
Ettner, S. L., Harwood, J. M., Thalmayer, A., Ong, M. K., Xu, H., Bresolin, M. J., ... & Azocar, F.
(2016). The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act evaluation study: Impact on
specialty behavioral health utilization and expenditures among “carve-out”
enrollees. Journal of health economics, 50, 131-143.
Garvey, M., Avenevoli, S., & Anderson, K. (2016). The national institute of mental health
research domain criteria and clinical research in child and adolescent psychiatry. Journal
of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(2), 93-98.
Giedd, J. N., Raznahan, A., Alexander-Bloch, A., Schmitt, E., Gogtay, N., & Rapoport, J. L.
(2015). Child psychiatry branch of the National Institute of Mental Health longitudinal
structural magnetic resonance imaging study of human brain
development. Neuropsychopharmacology, 40(1), 43.
Goldfried, M. R. (2016). On possible consequences of National Institute of Mental Health
funding for psychotherapy research and training. Professional Psychology: Research and
Practice, 47(1), 77.
McGinty, E. E., Busch, S. H., Stuart, E. A., Huskamp, H. A., Gibson, T. B., Goldman, H. H., &
Barry, C. L. (2015). Federal parity law associated with increased probability of using out-
of-network substance use disorder treatment services. Health Affairs, 34(8), 1331-1339.
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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 8
Sipe, T. A., Finnie, R. K., Knopf, J. A., Qu, S., Reynolds, J. A., Thota, A. B., ... & Chapman, D.
P. (2015). Effects of mental health benefits legislation: A community guide systematic
review. American journal of preventive medicine, 48(6), 755-766.
Teachman, B. A., McKay, D., Barch, D. M., Prinstein, M. J., Hollon, S. D., & Chambless, D. L.
(2019). How psychosocial research can help the National Institute of Mental Health
achieve its grand challenge to reduce the burden of mental illnesses and psychological
disorders. American Psychologist, 74(4), 415.
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