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2020 EWB

Challenge

Design Brief

Centre for

Appropriate

Technology

Cape York

The 2020 EWB Challenge is delivered in partnership

with the Centre for Appropriate Technology (CfAT),

an Aboriginal and Torres-Strait Islander controlled not-for-

profit organisation which ‘exists to support people in regional

and remote Australia in the choices they make in order to

maintain their relationship with Country’

. EWB Challenge

project briefs explore appropriate technology which supports

Traditional Owners living and thriving on homelands and

outstations, with a focus on CfAT’s work with communities in

the Cape York region of Far North Queensland.

Engineers Without Borders Australia (EWB) and CfAT have

collaborated on the design and delivery of appropriate,

enabling infrastructure and technology since 2008, beginning

with the delivery of the ‘Bentinck Island Bathroom Blitz’

project. This project involved university-affiliated volunteers

and staff from corporate partner organisations working

alongside community members to design and build an

ablutions block from recycled building material on a remote

island in the gulf of Carpentaria.

Since then, CfAT and EWB have collaborated on several other

community-based design and construction projects, from

ranger bases to water supply infrastructure.

In 2011, EWB and CfAT won a Queensland Reconciliation

Award for the unique community-corporate partnership

model behind these projects.

Delivery of the 2020 EWB Challenge program sits

within a broad, values-aligned partnership between

organisations which brings together a number of EWB

and CfAT program areas and stakeholders. In addition

to supporting CfAT’s current and future projects,

the 2020 EWB Challenge project brief scoping process,

supporting resources developed, and student ideas generated

will inform and support EWB’s work in the Engineering on

Country space more broadly.

Introduction

EWB Challenge Design Brief

2020

https://cfat.org.au/who-we-are

As you learn more about EWB and CfAT, you’ll recognise the

importance of a place-based design approach and working

alongside community members through the development

of a project. While students and academics do not engage

face-to-face with community members while working through

EWB Challenge projects, a community-centred, place-based

approach is manifested in the EWB Challenge process through

the following steps:

A Design Brief is developed by the

EWB Challenge team through meaningful

community participation and based

on decades of CfAT’s own community

engagement. The Brief ensures students

design ideas are founded on addressing

community-identified priorities

Within their university course,

students use the resources provided

along with academic literature,

(

publicly available reports, case

studies and other reference material)

to take a human-centred approach to

research, innovation, and the

generation of new insights in response

to a project identified in the EWB

Challenge Design Brief

The ideas, research, and resources

developed through the EWB Challenge

are shared back via EWB and CfAT and

investigated for further development and

future implementation

2020

EWB Challenge Design Brief

After the EWB Challenge in

Universities

The EWB Challenge is an open-ended learning experience.

The breadth and depth of design is left to individual

universities and design teams to scope within the context

of the submission recommendations. Design ideas which

consider links between the individual project areas listed

in the design brief are welcome.

All student submissions provided to EWB Australia through

the EWB Challenge Program will be shared with CfAT to

support their work with communities.

While the focus of this EWB Challenge project brief is

the Cape York region, note CfAT is also interested in

exploring how top ideas might be applied more broadly to

their work with communities across remote areas of

Australia. The design challenge projects in this Design Brief

tend to have broad applicability across remote Indigenous

communities, considering the unique technical challenges

that exist. Workshops and conversations at the end of 2020

will investigate what innovative design ideas might be

most relevant to pursue, as well as the most appropriate

pathway to further development.

EWB Australia acknowledges the Traditional Custodians of Country throughout Australia and recognise their

continuing connection to land, waters, culture and community. We pay our respects to them, their cultures and their

land; to Elders both past & present; and to emerging leaders. We recognise that Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander

peoples never ceded sovereignty of what we call Australia.

Your role through the EWB

Challenge

The 2020 EWB Challenge projects and supporting resources

were developed through a scoping process which explored,

compiled, then distilled an outline of priority issues and

opportunities as identified by CfAT staff and the communities

they work with. You will be working with the outputs of that

scoping process in your course, which include this Design

Brief and the EWB Challenge website resources.

You are encouraged to dive deep into the context of remote

Indigenous homelands as you develop your design concept.

Utilise the resources available to you to immerse yourself in

the environment and culture in which your project is situated,

and to start to uncover the opportunities and challenges that

will influence your proposal. By taking the time to understand

the broad context that your projects sits within, you will

develop an idea that is not only technically feasible, but

relevant and exciting for your stakeholders!

It is vitally important that you engage appropriately when

working on your EWB Challenge project and respect the time

and privacy of community members in Cape York.

The EWB Challenge team works with partner staff and

communities to develop resources so that you can be

human-centred and place-based in your approach without

having to contact communities directly. Please use these

resources to the best of your ability and ask your academic

team or the EWB Challenge discussion forum for support

if you are looking for more ideas or guidance.

Under no

circumstances are students to contact community

members or project stakeholders in Cape York.

Contents

EWB’s Approach to Working on Country

About the Centre for Appropriate Technology

Thinking About Indigenous Homelands & the Cape York Peninsula

Design Area 1: Transport & Access

Design Area 2: ICT

Design Area 3: Structures

Design Area 4: Energy

Design Area 5: Water Management

Design Area 6: Waste & Reuse

Design Area 7: Conservation & Land Management

Design Considerations

Further Resources

2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Engineers Without Borders Australia (EWB) aims to ensure that everyone in Australia has access to the engineering knowledge and resources required to live a life of opportunity, free from poverty.

Since 2009, EWB Australia has worked with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Queensland, the Northern Territory, and Western Australia on a range of community-identified projects. These have mostly taken place through long-term partnerships developed directly with communities and, since 2014, through the EWB Connect pro bono program.

EWB takes a community-centred approach to bridge self-identified gaps in access to community health, wellbeing and opportunity.

We work with communities to design and provide access to appropriate and sustainable community infrastructure, which can include water & sanitation facilities, energy systems, housing, and other community infrastructure and services that improve people’s quality of life and their ability to pursue education, employment or income generating opportunities. We also work with communities to help design solutions that enable cultural connection, and the ability for people to live on Country and care for Country.

EWB’s approach to

working on Country

We also focus on building the capabilities of the engineering sector, to ensure that more high-quality engineering, infrastructure and technology-based projects are delivered through a community-centred approach, creating the strongest possible social outcomes and community empowerment.

We do this through a variety of mechanisms, including:

· Community visioning: facilitating co-design processes and community visioning to support our community partners to identify their priorities and needs. This ensures communities have a shared vision and agreed roadmap for how they will lead the process.

· Community partnerships: strengthening the capacity of our partner organisations to access or deliver peoplecentred engineering and technology outcomes. This can include professional secondments, capacity building and/or mentoring.

· Pro bono projects: providing and brokering pro bono engineering and professional services to communities. Often, this will support communities at the feasibility or concept design stage of a project, in order to provide the necessary technical resources for the community partner to progress with capital raising, funding applications or contracting for the project implementation.

· Research and Development: creating new knowledge and approaches in engineering innovation and technology to benefit remote communities and develop appropriate technologies.

· Professional skills development: building the skills of the engineering sector to ensure more projects deliver strong social outcomes and community empowerment.

Read more about EWB Australia’s Engineering

On Country strategy in the 2018/2019 EWB Australia

Annual Report

The EWB Australia and CfAT Partnership

EWB has partnered with the Centre for Appropriate Technology in Queensland for over 10 years.

The Centre for Appropriate Technology (CfAT) is an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander controlled business that supports people in regional and remote Australia in the choices they make in order to maintain their relationship with Country. CfAT achieve this by providing solutions to infrastructure challenges that people face in maintaining their relationship with Country, primarily: reliable power, water supply, digital connectivity, built infrastructure,

EWB works with CfAT in Cape York to leverage the assets of both organisations to deliver appropriate, sustainable and manageable infrastructure and services to remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Northern Queensland.

Specific partnership activities include:

· Access to Energy – exploring and developing self- reliant models including community enterprise and impact investing;

· Appropriate Technology development – appropriating technology to make it more suitable for Indigenous communities for sustainable livelihoods on Country;

· Land-use planning – supporting Ranger programs and the Healthy Country Planning process with appropriate enabling infrastructure; and

· Specific community infrastructure support projects.

You can see a video of a previous project undertaken by Bana Yarralji Bubu Corporation, EWB, CfAT and our partners here:

training and skills development.

Shipton’s Flat project video .

Given CfAT is a key stakeholder, your EWB Challenge design project will benefit from embedding an understanding of the organisation’s approaches and values. You are encouraged to think about how your proposal, from technical design to proposed implementation mechanisms, might align with CfAT ways of working and the key considerations outlined here.

About the Centre for Appropriate Technology website, ‘Our Story’

Why we exist:

CfAT Ltd exists to support people in regional and remote Australia in the choices they make in order to maintain their relationship with Country. Maintaining a relationship with Country may include a desire to live on Country, visit Country, develop Country for economic benefit or protect Country. We achieve this by providing solutions to infrastructure challenges that people face in maintaining their relationship with Country, primarily: reliable power, water supply, digital connectivity, built infrastructure, training and skills development.

Our vision:

Sustainable and enterprising communities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People underpinned by appropriate ‘fit for purpose’ technology.

Our mission:

About the Centrefor

AppropriateTechnology

Through their unique knowledge of and engagement with remote people and place CfAT delivers practical, integrated project design, technical innovation, training and infrastructure products and services – supporting livelihoods and growth in economic opportunities across remote areas.

Our history:

CfAT was born from and has been instrumental in the history of the Indigenous Homelands Movement. The Homelands Movement is a product of the Indigenous land rights movement that saw Australian First Nations people exert their rights to self-determination on their own traditional Country. CfAT was launched in 1980 to support this post colonisation movement back to Country, with the appropriate technology to make life comfortable, safer and more sustainable. You can read about CfAT’s long history in the book “Alternative Interventions” complied in 2014.

CfAT is most renown for its ground breaking and multiaward winning work with the Bushlight Renewable energy program designing and building over 130 remote standalone solar power systems in remote indigenous homelands. In 2011 CfAT won the Sir William Hudson Engineering Excellence award for humanitarian engineering for taking the Bushlight program to India.

Ekistica

Building on CfAT’s renewable energy capabilities built by the Bushlight program, in 2007 CfAT’s board established Australia’s first fully Indigenous owner engineering company. Ekistica (formerly CAT Projects) is a highly successful profit for purpose full spectrum Engineering Consultancy specialising in renewable energy. Ekistica is 100% owned by CfAT, returning its profits to support CfAT’s mission. Ekistica provides a professional engineering foundation that often provides technical support CfAT work in Indigenous communities.

Values and approaches to consider

Over decades working with Aboriginal and Torres

Strait Islander communities across Australia, CfAT has developed and consistently demonstrated core values-based ways of working. Diving into CfAT project case studies, newsletters, other publicly available resources will support your understanding of key ways of working you might embed in your proposal.

Co-designed and place-based

CfAT places authentic participatory engagement with community at the core of their work. Community members are the experts on what ‘success’ and many of the solutions look like for projects on Country, as well as what living comfortably on Country means for them.

● Read more about the importance of and CfAT’s approach to community engagement

To Learn More

· Listen: to Peter Renehan, Chairperson for the Centre for Appropriate Technology provide a short background to the organisation and what engineers should consider when working with Indigenous communities

· Read: Centre for Appropriate Technology,

‘Community Planning with the Lama Lama People’

· Explore: Centre for Appropriate Technology

Strategic Plan 2016-21

Community members also have valuable understanding of what will and won’t work when it comes to projects on their land. Healthy Country Planning is an example of an Indigenous community-focused participatory planning process that is based on achieving conservation outcomes. Well-designed, genuine involvement of communities across a project is also rooted in an understanding of different stakeholders along with how and when they need to be included in conversations or decision-making to move a project forward to a meaningful and sustainable outcome.

● Read more about what ‘Community Involvement’ principles and examples in Section A1 of the National Indigenous Infrastructure Guide

Enabling infrastructure and innovation to support self-reliance on Country

Given the remote locations of many communities CfAT works with, it is extremely beneficial when projects can be built, maintained and sustained locally. Many ‘standard’ infrastructure solutions are either unaffordable or require a niche level of technical skill which is challenging to access. CfAT works with communities to innovate infrastructure solutions that provide the same function whilst being more affordable and easier to build, maintain and sustain. This is supplemented by capacity building to transfer the knowledge and skills required to operate and maintain solutions. A critical component of project design is ensuring that technical knowledge is communicated clearly. A ‘technically appropriate’ solution may actually be entirely inappropriate for a community context if it is unnecessarily complex and therefore inaccessible.

Great examples of accessible knowledge sharing are the BushTechs available on the CfAT website.

“Humanitarian engineering is not necessarily just designing or providing a solution but providing information in a clear and concise way, translating it from engineering speak into community speak across cultures and across technical abilities”

Andre Grant, CfAT Queensland Regional Manager

Thinking about

Indigenous

Homelands & the

Cape York Peninsula

This year’s EWB Challenge project briefs explore appropriate technology to support Traditional Owners living and thriving on homelands and outstations, with a focus on CfAT’s work with communities in the Cape York region of Far North Queensland.

The Centre for Appropriate Technology was established from a need to support Traditional Owners returning to Country after land, which was never ceded, began to be formally returned to Indigenous communities by the Australian government. Today, CfAT continues to work with communities across the Cape York Peninsula, as well as other parts of remote Australia, to develop enabling infrastructure which is appropriate to remote contexts.

Land Tenure on Cape York

Through the 1990s and 2000s, via legislation such as the Aboriginal Land Act 1991 and Cape York Peninsula Heritage Act 2007, the process of recognising Traditional Owners and returning land rights across Cape York moved forward. From 2007, the Cape York Tenure Resolution Program set the stage for the current state of land tenure and environmental management on the Cape York Peninsula. The Australian government began purchasing existing pastoral leases and negotiating with Indigenous communities recognised as Traditional Owners to determine how the land might be returned and divided for different uses in line with conservation goals. This program set the stage for land management under Indigenous Land Use Agreements (ILUAs) which addressed key types of land tenure:

· Aboriginal freehold is land which may be used for any purpose provided there is compliance with all relevant laws.

· Jointly-managed National Park known as CYPAL,

‘Cape York Peninsula Aboriginal Land’ unique to Cape

York. This land is managed jointly by Traditional

Owners and government departments through Indigenous Management Agreements (IMAs) to achieve conservation outcomes.

· Nature refuges managed under a Conservation

Agreement associated with the Nature Conservation Act 1992 (Qld) - land which is not national park but has significant conservation value and will be managed as such.

Some government funding is available through Indigenous Management Agreements (IMAs) for National Park maintenance and associated activities such as ranger programs. Follow the links provided at the end of this section to learn more about the background of land transfer and current management on Cape York.

Living on and Managing Country

Many of the remote Indigenous homelands on Cape York are former cattle stations which were purchased by the Australian government and then restored to the Aboriginal communities who are the Traditional Owners of this land. In many cases, before a transfer of ownership the cattle station land would see little to no investment, maintenance, or be stripped of assets. Traditional Owners would be required to address existing infrastructure deficiencies before being able to move back onto and manage Country.

Look around an example of a former cattle station recently returned to Traditional Owners

Decades of cattle farming has also disrupted natural ecosystems and means those moving back onto the land may be challenged to live sustainably on Country as their ancestors did for 10,000’s of years. Many traditional livelihood strategies are no longer viable.

A common vision CfAT staff hear articulated across many Indigenous communities is that of access to Country through basic infrastructure and an ability for some, especially elders, to live on Country. The refurbishment of cattle stations and establishment of ranger bases are also common goals that provide a great foundation for access to Country.

Land management activities which take place on Country can be linked to the concept of ‘ecosystem services’, in that traditional land management tasks support entire ecosystems to thrive and deliver key requirements such as clean air, biodiversity, and healthy forests.

Indigenous Ranger programs across Australia have seen success linking environmental outcomes with both connection to Country and meaningful employment for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. In Cape York, land management activities revolve around the wet season (see Design Area 1. transport and access) and fire season (see Design Area 7. conservation and land management). October, November, and December be particularly busy (and tricky for community engagement or project work) as rangers are responding to fires or setting up backburns and these activities will take priority over other projects or planning.

Community and Governance

Part of the landmark 1993 Native Title Act, the ‘law passed by the Australian Parliament that recognises the rights and interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in land and waters according to their traditional laws and customs’, outlines the requirement for a Prescribed Body Corporate (PBC) to be established for management, representation, and decision-making purposes. Guided by the Corporations (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Act 2006 (CATSI Act), the group must then be registered with and will receive support from the Office of the Registrar of Indigenous Corporations (ORIC).

The structure and membership of a PBC is usually reflective of traditional clan or family groupings or decision-making structures. The board of directors is often complimented by a council of elders in some form (formally or informally) who provide guidance and oversight in recognition of traditional decision-making protocols.

Consider further research around native title, governance, and management systems as you begin thinking about the context your design proposal sits within.

●

· Reliable power supply

●

· Fans

To Learn More

●

Explore: The State of Queensland and

Commonwealth of Australia, 1995.

‘Cape York

Peninsula Land Use Strategy (CYPLUS)’

including the three stage 1 thematic reports on

‘Natural Resources and Ecology’, ‘Land Use and

Economy’, and ‘Society and Culture’.

●

Read: Queensland Government, Parks and

Forests website:

‘Aboriginal freehold land and

jointly managed parks on Cape York Peninsula’

●

Read: Queensland Government, Media

Statement, 25 October 2017:

‘Celebrating 10

years of Cape York’s land legacy’

●

Listen to: Australian Institute of Aboriginal

and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS):

Cape York Peninsula Aboriginal freehold and

national parks – Agreements and achievements

2005 - 2014

. Presented AIATSIS Native Title

Conference, Port Douglas, Queensland, 17 June

2015

●

Read:

Ecosystem services: Key concepts and

applications

, Department of the Environment,

Water, Heritage and the Arts, 2010. Occasional

Paper Series No.1

●

Explore:

Stories from Country 2015 - 2017

How Indigenous Rangers and Indigenous

Protected Areas are strengthening connections

to Country, culture and community.

National Indigenous Australians Agency

●

Read: Australian Conservation Foundation,

December 2016:

Wuthathi people return to

Shelburne Bay

Key background you can

assume within your EWB

Challenge project proposal

Across nearly 30 years of working with a number of

communities across Cape York, Centre for Appropriate

Technology staff have recognised a common framework of

the requirements to live on Country. You might consider how

these areas interact with your specific project as you develop

your design idea. Living comfortably on Country requires,

broadly:

Clean water supply with a back up system

An appropriately designed dwelling

Large, reliable refrigeration for extended food storage

Year round emergency access

An internet connection or other means of

Inherently linked to these themes are the ‘Design

Considerations’ such as reliability and materials choice

described at the end of this brief.

●

Design Area One

Transport and Access

●

· telecommunication

Distance and remoteness from urban centers or services are aspects of life across much of Cape York. Areas of the region are only accessible in 4-wheel drive vehicles or sometimes most efficiently reached by light aircraft.

The Peninsula Development Road (PDR), the main arterial road which runs generally north to south, is progressively being bituminised through government support. Local and distributor roads across Cape York are primarily gravel or dirt and can vary significantly based on the time of year and traffic patterns. For example, dirt roads which are heavily trafficked by large road trains, like the PDR, will not stay smooth for very long.

Wet season on Cape York

The wet season on Cape York runs from approximately December to April, however rains can impact travel and the accessibility of certain areas anywhere from November to June. Flooding along the Peninsula Development Road means communities north of the town of Laura are regularly inaccessible by vehicles. Critically, however, locations where people remain during the wet season are serviced by airstrips. Airstrips enable access to remote locations and also enable the transport of goods across the year.

Weekly mail planes deliver food and can be available to transport individuals if necessary. Helicopters are sometimes used in emergency situations as short airstrips limit the size of aircraft that can land. Limits on travel often mean that, when it comes to project delivery, the wet season is the time for thinking, planning, designing, and lots of talking. The lead into wet season (September/October/November) is filled with land management tasks which need to be completed before rains and flood make them much more difficult.

Hot temperatures also become challenging from mid- October until the first rains, with regular peaks in the 40’s. Project activities and construction are then picked up again as the dry season approaches mid-year.

Transport Systems and Environmental Impact

Levels of freight and tourist traffic are increasing as roads are bitumised across the Cape, and this growth in vehicle movement is associated with increases in the introduction of invasive weeds across sensitive ecosystems. Weed corridors can develop along main roads which require significant time and money to remove. Rangers managing Indigenous Protected Areas have a significant focus on weed management, especially after wet season when weeds grow most rapidly in areas that are inaccessible until water levels go back down. Gravel is extracted for road construction via large ‘borrow pits’, which require significant land clearing and excavation, leaving scars across the landscape. There are currently limited controls in place to manage the environmental impact of gravel extraction, and moving gravel from borrow pits to be spread across a road network can be a significant mechanism for

Project Opportunities
weed spread. Heavy rains and flooding during the wet season

Additional

Information

Below are a few resources that you might find helpful

to get started working on these design projects.

Please see the ‘Resources’ section for a full list as you

might find others that help to inform your project.

●

Watch: a snapshot of

traveling around Cape

York

and the movement of people and materials

across a different seasons

●

Explore: Queensland Government, Department

of Agriculture and Fisheries:

Weeds of National

Significance (WONS)

1.1 Road design to reduce environmental impact

Basic gravel roads are very common across Cape York frequently and become washed out by heavy rain and flood during the wet season. With no specific run-off management in place, the soil and gravel from this infrastructure flows into adjacent river systems and causing issues with silting. As bitumensing roads is a slow and expensive process, this project looks at alternative techniques for road construction and run off management to reduce negative environmental impacts. Teams can consider a key stakeholder for this project to be Aboriginal Corporations who are often engaged in the construction of roads on their Country and have experience with road construction or other types of civil contracting work.

1.2 Methods to reduce the spread of weeds

Vehicle washdown facilities are available in some locations across Cape York to reduce the movement of weeds, however these can be very expensive both to install and operate especially due to the associated ongoing energy requirements. This project looks at innovative mechanisms that could be utilised at 2-3 controlled entry points around Indigenous Protected Areas to reduce, or ideally eliminate, the introduction of weeds from vehicles.

can also cause significant runoff from gravel roads which then flows directly into river systems. Indigenous communities are increasingly noticing the silting up of water bodies after wet season potentially linked to washed out roads.

There is limited internet and mobile phone coverage across much of Cape York. Remote Indigenous communities may have telecommunications access through satellite dishes within their community that provides either access to a landline or a limited range of connectivity.

Satellite phones are a requirement when travelling, as standard mobile phone service cannot be relied upon. Some communities have access to a community phone also. This is shared amongst the community members and is a standalone box fixed with screw piles with solar powered satellite dish providing a phone line (with some latency) and wifi with purchasable data packs. Limited connectivity can make remote operations and maintenance of infrastructure and technology challenging. Often the location where someone can get coverage is not the location where a particular pump or piece of equipment is malfunctioning, meaning it can be difficult to talk through how a system is failing and what actions someone on-site might try to fix it.

Design Area Two

ICT

The CAT Hotspot

The CAT mobile phone hotspot is an appropriate technology design which extends existing mobile phone coverage in remote areas struggling with connectivity. The design works by focusing and amplifying a signal and, importantly for remote areas, does not require connection to an energy supply. In production now for approximately 8 years, CAT Hotspots have been installed across remote areas of Australia and not just associated with Indigenous communities.

Project Opportunities

2.1 Visitor management on Indigenous Protected Areas

Where ranger bases create control points to an Indigenous Protected Area, there is an opportunity to support the visitor experience through a downloadable welcome and offline guide accessible on mobile devices while visitors are on Country. The aim of an offline guide would be to provide the information visitors require to enjoy the Country respectfully, comfortably, and with minimum environmental impact. Considerations include maps of the area with a tracking feature, and information such as drinking water access, ecologically sensitive locations, and areas which are restricted due to cultural significance.

2.2 ICT infrastructure to support appropriate tourism

CfAT and community representatives see considerable scope for increased connectivity and the further development of ICT infrastructure to support the management of respectful tourism on Country. Much of Cape York is environmentally and culturally significant land and it is important that tourist activities are respectful of this, however that is not always the case. This project looks at how to best support rangers monitor National Park land and other protected areas to ensure visitor compliance, specifically reduce unpermitted access to sites with visitor restrictions.

2.3 Offline solar-bore diagnostic assistant

Solar-powered bores are very common water supply systems across remote Indigenous communities in Cape York. When these systems encounter some type of failure, it can be challenging to diagnose and address remotely as bores are not located close to a home or site which has phone coverage and so the issue cannot be discussed with a technician in real-time. In this project teams will develop a solution which can be used offline as a diagnostic and troubleshooting guide, also incorporating standard maintenance procedures. Strong consideration should be given to the user interface of the proposed solution. See also ‘remote diagnostics’ in the Design Considerations and design opportunity 2.4 below.

2.4 Remote monitoring & diagnostic system

Many of the remote Indigenous communities CfAT work with have limited mobile phone reception on Country. Many of the installed engineering solutions are located in remote locations that are challenging to access, particularly in the wet season. As such, it is expensive and time consuming for technicians to understand when preventative main tenance is required at one site and how this should be scheduled relative to other sites. In addition, a critical challenge for appropriate design is the sheer cost of mobilising technical expertise to site to resolve system breakdowns in a timely manner. In this project teams will develop an online/ offline remote monitoring and diagnostics tool that can be used to improve the efficiency of operation and maintenance programs for infrastructure like: solar-bore pumps and solar-battery systems.

2.5 Increasing internet access in remote areas

Mobile phone coverage and internet access is limited in Cape York, particularly in remote communities. CfAT have developed a Mobile Phone Hotspot that is a one-user-ata-time facility to extend mobile coverage in fringe areas with poor coverage by concentrating signals from existing communication towers. In this project, teams will develop solutions to improve mobile phone and data coverage in remote communities who have no mobile phone signal and further improve access to coverage in fringe areas.

Additional Information

Below are a few resources that you might find helpful to get started working on these design projects. Please see the ‘Resources’ section for a full list as you might find others that help to inform your project.

· Read: Engineers Australia News, 12 May 2017: Ingenious mobile HotSpot technology connecting remote NT

· Read: ABC Far North, 9 November 2017: No internet, no phones: Roadhouse owners build own mobile tower in desperate bid for reception

Across decades of working with Indigenous communities throughout Cape York, the CfAT has been involved in a number of projects in which the aim was to build fundamental structures which would support people living on and managing Country. Simple shelters can be a key initial starting point to enable access to Country after land has been returned

Design Area Three

Structures

to Traditional Owners.

The impact of design choices

When looking at structures in remote areas across Cape York, it’s clear that clever design thinking around decisions like materials, building layout, and construction techniques can have significant impact on the final outcome. For example, across the Cape York region the primary point of purchase for most materials is Cairns and therefore the cost associated with getting required materials to site can be significant. Utilising locally available materials, such as bush timber, and reducing the need for difficult, labour-intensive materials such a concrete (which must be transported then mixed on site) can reduce the cost associated with a project while also ensuring maintenance can easily occur as required over time.

Given the limited energy access in remote areas, achieving thermal comfort with low energy requirements is also key in the design of structures. Utilising active cooling inside a building, such as a split system air conditioning unit, would drastically increase the energy requirements of a space. These are not commonly in use in the communities CfAT works with so, given the tropical Cape York climate, it is critical that structures are designed to harness shade and air flow so that spaces are as comfortable as possible.

Community involvement in construction

The CfAT approach embeds community involvement in every stage of a project process, including construction itself.

CfAT experience demonstrates that involving community members in construction can not only reduce the cost of a project but also increase the quality and longevity of project outcomes. The cost of bringing in external contractors to work remote areas can be very high - even the base payment to get someone to a project site, before considering payment for their work, can be a significant. In contrast, people who live and/or work in a community often invest additional attention and care to a construction process and while developing skills and understanding which will be locally available in the future when maintenance is required. Wherever possible, structures will be consciously designed to leverage the fundamental construction skills which exist in most communities, rather than relying on niche technical knowledge, skills, or equipment.

Project Opportunities

3.1 Shelter design to enable access to Country

A common statement across the communities CfAT works with is that ‘a home on Country starts with a roof on Country’. Land that has been returned to Traditional Owners frequently has extremely degraded structures, if any remain at all. A simple, modular shelter design utilising locally available materials could support Traditional Owners to access and stay on areas of Country that were previously difficult to visit. Projects in this area should consider how construction might be phased so it can occur as money becomes available (rather than all at once) and the cultural appropriateness of design proposals.

but high-value experiences. A simple, comfortable tourist cabin design which would provide shelter for visitors and could be easily replicated across different locations could enable a positive increase in tourism on land where the community is interested in supporting this activity. Designs should consider local and/or repurposed materials and mechanisms (including raised sleeping areas) to keep the visitors safe from snakes.

3.4 Mobile amenities for campsites

3.2 Keeping places for artifacts on Country

Additional

Information

Below are a few resources that you might find helpful

to get started working on these design projects.

Please see the ‘Resources’ section for a full list as you

might find others that help to inform your project.

●

Walkthrough: an example of a

Ranger Base and

Community Building

to learn about appropriate

building design on Country

●

Watch:

an overview of bush timber availability

and common use

●

Explore: a series of 360 photos demonstrating

the Cape York context, innovative building

design, and the potential for tourism

Some aboriginal communities are getting cultural artifacts which were taken during colonisation returned into their ownership. Communities would like to keep these items on Country, rather than in a museum potentially some distance away, however the fragile nature of the items means they must be kept in controlled environments so they do not quickly degrade. This project aims to develop a climatecontrolled environment with low energy requirements that could serve as a ‘keeping place’ for artifacts such as spears or other wooden items and woven reed dilly bags.

3.3 Simple, replicable visitor shelters

There is a recognition of the tourism potential across Cape York, with a specific focus on supporting the growth of tourism that involves low numbers of visitors

A variety of stakeholders including rangers, small tourist groups, or Indigenous families who don’t permanently live on Country frequently camp on Indigenous land across Cape York. This project explores at simple, mobile amenities to service these campsites with minimal environmental impact. Proposals may investigate toilet facilities, sleeping platforms, cooking areas, or other basic facilities.

Access to energy is a key enabler to living and thriving in remote areas across Cape York. Remote, stand alone energy provision has been a significant area of CfAT’s work over time.’

Availability of refrigeration is essential in remote communities and makes up the majority (estimated up to 70%) of total energy use. In addition to refrigeration for food storage, other common energy uses are for lighting, fans, and charging mobile phones.

Energy is most commonly sourced from solar power systems with back-up diesel generators. Importantly, solar power systems can continue operating when residents aren’t on site, meaning that appliances like freezers and refrigerators will continue to run and food can be stored for periods when community members are away. Solar power systems in these locations require quality inverters given the way freezers are often used - if a large animal is killed, for example, storing the meat in the freezer can create a massive power spike as the solar power system attempts to meet this demand.

Design Area Four

Energy

CfAT and the ‘Bushlight’ system

Between 2002 and 2013 CfAT delivered the Bushlight renewable energy program, installing over 130 renewable energy systems across Queensland, Western Australia, and the Northern Territory. A Bushlight system generally consists of a solar array, battery storage, distributed energy management units (EMUs), and a diesel generator back up.

An important aspect of the Bushlight program is the process of ‘community energy planning’ through which a community energy budget would be calculated. Community energy planning generally involves a series of meetings to determine the energy needs across a community and how this could be allocated to each space, while also consider the total energy a system might supply. The solar power system and distribution would then be built to align with this community agreement to ensure equity of access. Allocations can be revisited and adjusted periodically if required.

4.1 Alternatives and improvements to refrigerators and freezers

Remote Indigenous communities rely on refrigeration and freezers to store large amounts of food over time, ensuring traditional hunting practices can be maintained and people can come and go from Country as needed. This project looks at mechanisms for freezing and storing food beyond the generic available appliances which are dependent on connection to a large, pre-existing solar power supply.

4.2 Mobile solar power supply

Energy requirements across locations on Cape York vary across wet/dry seasons and as people move from place to place (i.e. ranger groups working on Country). While solar power is a proven and accepted technology in use across the Cape, this is often in the form of a complete remote, standalone solar power system in one location and is a significant investment. In this project you are challenged to explore opportunities for mobile solar power supply which are robust enough to be transported between sites. Project teams may assume the availability of a 4-wheel drive trailer and an approximate desired supply of 3-10kwH per day.

4.3 Appropriate energy supply for vehicle washdown facilities

Reliable washdown facilities can be a key mechanism to reduce the introduction of weeds across Cape York (see ‘transport and access’ design area 1). Currently, water pumps at washdown facilities are powered by large (approximately 45 KvA) generators, which can be very expensive to run given the sporadic nature of traffic in these locations, estimated at about 10 vehicles across the course of a day. In this project you are challenged to design an efficient, low cost energy supply for washdown stations which will address the need for short bursts of energy alongside long periods of idling. Projects might investigate opportunities such as the use of cars in the washdown station as energy sources or the use of battery storage and can, if required, explore vehicle washdown methods which are slower or require more steps to complete the process.

4.4 Innovations in energy storage

CfAT is aware that innovations in the area of energy storage are happening quickly, and are interested in ways that new developments in this space might further enable their work. While CfAT currently relies on lead-acid batteries for most uses (these are ‘tried and tested’ in the context), they are interested in research and innovation that looks at alternative energy storage with a particular focus on affordability, effectiveness, and reliability. Design ideas and research in this area might choose to focus on direct links to further enabling CfAT fixed solar power systems or may explore other options, and should consider the common challenge of battery overcycling. Projects should clearly consider and outline the criteria for assessing energy storage options.

Additional Information

· Read: Off-Grid Guide: Best practice guide to the procurement, deployment and maintenance of remote off-grid solar power systems in the Northern Territory and beyond. Written by

Ekistica, in collaboration with the Intyalheme Centre for Future Energy

· Read: Renewable Energy in Remote Australian Communities (A Market Survey).

Australian Cooperative Research Centre for

Renewable Energy (ACRE) and the Centre for Appropriate Technology (CfAT). The outcomes of this research informed key design criteria for the Bushlight program, including the development of a continuous improvement process across the life of the program

· Explore: the Bushlight Energy Archive

Project Opportunities

2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

When considering whether a location might be appropriate a future project, such as the construction of a ranger base, the availability of water is a key consideration.

Initial scoping will look at river access, groundwater availability, existing boreholes, and other features of a site to determine the feasibility of water supply.

Design Area Five

Water Management

The water supply on many remote Indigenous homelands consists of a borehole connected to a solar-powered pump, with rainwater tanks available as a back-up system. The photo gallery in this section provides an example walkthrough of these systems including information on design features. Another case study resource walks through a more recently completed CfAT project which developed a community water supply from a nearby river.

5.1 Water treatment system for saline bores

Access to drinking water in remote communities is often through boreholes drilled to enable groundwater access. However, where boreholes are pumping increasingly saline water, these water points are no longer able to support nearby communities. This project looks at lowcost mechanisms for water purification which would bring currently brackish water up to drinking water standards.

5.2 Mobile solar-powered bore pumps

Solar-powered bores are very common water supply systems across remote Indigenous communities in Cape York, providing water for domestic purposes as well as occasional agricultural uses such as fruit trees or mustered cattle. Many locations where bores are in operation are not required to be consistently operating as people are only on site at certain times of year i.e. the dry season, when specific work in that location must be completed, etc. This project explores options for solar-powered bore pumps (and associated flexible piping required) which can be readily moved from place to place as needed and connected to in-situ, approximately 100m bore holes and pvc-pipe casing. Mobile solar-powered bore pumps would reduce the expense associated with building and maintaining a pump at each water supply location.

5.3 Mobile showers for ranger programs

The land management activities conducted by rangers through Indigenous Ranger Programs often require groups of staff to camp on Country for days or weeks at a time. While these locations can be serviced by basic infrastructure such as toilets and water tank, the availability of an appropriate, environmentally-benign showering system would be of great benefit. In this project teams will explore options for portable shower devices, along with a water management system that ensures run-off from showers does not negatively impact the surrounding environment. Projects should assume limited availability of water on site and use by 5-15 rangers per day.

5.4 Increasing natural disaster resilience of riverbank pump systems

Portable fire-fighting pumps are commonly used to pump water up to an accessible central location from a river as either the primary or back-up water source for a community. Regular, fast-moving flood events are a significant issue for these systems as the pumps can quickly be washed away and need to be replaced.

This project investigates techniques which might enable pumps to withstand flood and cyclone events.

5.5 Grey water management

When groups camp on Country, there is a certain amount of water runoff (from activities such as showering) that is released into the environment. There is interest in possible alternatives to grey water trenches, which are expensive based on the ground conditions at many sites, which will enable the appropriate management of grey water runoff so any negative environmental impacts are avoided or mitigated. Alternative to grey water trench (specifically around the greywater from showers when people are camping)

The CfAT ‘CATFab’

The Alice Springs CfAT location hosts an enterprise workshop known as ‘CATFab’ where creative appropriate technology design, enterprise, and skill development meet. The CATFab workspace contains a variety of different types of machinery which is used to repurpose available materials into creative products. Chip heaters, drum ovens, and the CfAT Hotspot are examples of items constructed in this facility.

6.1 Remote re/upcycling opportunities

The challenges of centralised waste collection and disposal in a remote area open up opportunities to more deeply explore recycling or upcycling the most common forms of waste found on Country. This project explores appropriate repurposing of common waste items, including ghost nets and plastics which commonly wash up on shorelines on the east coast of Cape York.

6.2 CATFab alternatives to electric goods

CfAT are interested in harnessing the creativity and fabrication skills of the CATFab employees to develop simple, sustainable alternatives to currently available generic white goods. Generic white goods in remote bush locations can be difficult to maintain, repair, and appropriately dispose of, so simple alternatives to these products can extend the life of a functional product while also reducing the level of waste that must either be transported to a city or disposed of in the bush. Key activities of interest are clothes washing (i.e. reducing the need for electrical washing machines), refrigeration (see possible links to design project 4.1), white goods in general and communication (i.e. simple mobile phones).

6.3 Appropriate collection and management of plastics

Plastics are a growing waste stream with currently limited management processes. In this project teams will investigate appropriate ways to manage the different types of plastic waste produced in remote indigenous communities and propose mechanisms through which the negative impact of this waste stream might be reduced or mitigated.

Additional Information

· Read: Northern Australia Environmental

Research Portal. Waste and Marine Debris in Remote Northern Australian Communities. July 2017 Final Report ‘Remote recycling, rubbish and marine debris management in north Australia needs strong helping hands: Summary of Cape York Peninsula community case studies’

· Explore: Queensland Government website,

Queensland’s new waste strategy

Through supporting basic appropriate infrastructure development, CfAT is aiming to enable Traditional Owners to be on Country and take care of Country.

Taking care of Country often involves a variety of traditional land management activities and aligns with the growing presence of Indigenous Ranger Programs across Queensland.

Indigenous Ranger Programs operate in coordination with the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service on jointly-managed national park land. Land management responsibilities include ‘fencing, cattle management, cultural and natural values protection’ . CfAT has seen success supporting the construction of ranger bases that further enable the work of Indigenous Rangers through controlling visitor access to Country and creating a central point for activities like coastal monitoring.

Fire Management and Carbon Farming

Indigenous communities have traditionally managed landscapes through the use of fire, and this knowledge is being increasingly recognised by others involved in environmental management including government policy makers. Traditional practice involves burning strategic areas of savannah woodland just after the wet season - called ‘cool burning’, these fires are low intensity and reduce the fuel available for fires which might otherwise occur later in the year.

Design Area Seven

Conservation and

Land Management

In addition to reducing the intensity (and resulting damage to biodiversity, property, etc) of fires when they do occur, cool burning on a location releases far less carbon into the atmosphere than would if that location were to be unmanaged and experience a large, hot fire in the dry season. The difference between the baseline carbon released on unmanaged land versus the carbon released on managed land can be calculated through a detailed verification process including live satellite monitoring (See NAFI website link below), and Aboriginal corporations are generating income from the sale of these carbon credits on the open market. ‘Carbon farming’, as this is known, brings the economic benefit of income associated with traditional land management activities alongside the significant environmental benefits of carbon emissions reduction and maintenance of biodiversity.

6.1 Tools to enable remote fire management

The ‘cool burn’ fire management technique involves setting small fires in a mosaic pattern which ensures appropriate areas are burnt and any wildlife present is able to move away from danger through safe corridors. Fires are set and managed by Rangers, who have access to drones and mapping equipment to assist this work. As some areas which would be most appropriate for burning are difficult or impossible for rangers to access (due to vegetation, terrain, creeks, etc), it has been recognised that fire management could be supported through safe tools, which would enable rangers to remotely distribute the small incendiaries from a nearby location. Projects in this area could consider the use of drones and must include comprehensive risk management plans.

6.2 Protection of turtle nests

The east coast of Cape York contains many unique and ecological-sensitive areas. Undisturbed beaches provide important nesting locations for turtles, however feral pigs are having an increasingly negative impact through digging up and eating the eggs. This project investigates mechanisms to protect turtle nests on Cape York coastlines.

See also: 1.2 Methods to reduce the spread of weeds

And more generally

· EWB ‘Key Development Concepts’ focused on the principles behind sustainable development projects

· Links to previous EWB Challenge award-winning student reports

· A downloadable ‘reviewer assessment criteria’, used by our external team to evaluate the top submissions to be invited to the annual Finalists’ Showcase Event

3b/2020 EWB Challenge Brief_CfAT Cape York-2.pdf

2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief Centre for Appropriate Technology Cape York

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The 2020 EWB Challenge is delivered in partnership with the Centre for Appropriate Technology (CfAT), an Aboriginal and Torres-Strait Islander controlled not-for- profit organisation which ‘exists to support people in regional and remote Australia in the choices they make in order to maintain their relationship with Country’ 1. EWB Challenge project briefs explore appropriate technology which supports Traditional Owners living and thriving on homelands and outstations, with a focus on CfAT’s work with communities in the Cape York region of Far North Queensland.

Engineers Without Borders Australia (EWB) and CfAT have collaborated on the design and delivery of appropriate, enabling infrastructure and technology since 2008, beginning with the delivery of the ‘Bentinck Island Bathroom Blitz’ project. This project involved university-affiliated volunteers and staff from corporate partner organisations working alongside community members to design and build an ablutions block from recycled building material on a remote island in the gulf of Carpentaria. Since then, CfAT and EWB have collaborated on several other community-based design and construction projects, from ranger bases to water supply infrastructure. In 2011, EWB and CfAT won a Queensland Reconciliation Award for the unique community-corporate partnership model behind these projects.

Delivery of the 2020 EWB Challenge program sits within a broad, values-aligned partnership between organisations which brings together a number of EWB and CfAT program areas and stakeholders. In addition to supporting CfAT’s current and future projects, the 2020 EWB Challenge project brief scoping process, supporting resources developed, and student ideas generated will inform and support EWB’s work in the Engineering on Country space more broadly.

Introduction

2 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief 1 https://cfat.org.au/who-we-are

As you learn more about EWB and CfAT, you’ll recognise the importance of a place-based design approach and working alongside community members through the development of a project. While students and academics do not engage face-to-face with community members while working through EWB Challenge projects, a community-centred, place-based approach is manifested in the EWB Challenge process through the following steps:

1. A Design Brief is developed by the EWB Challenge team through meaningful community participation and based on decades of CfAT’s own community engagement. The Brief ensures students design ideas are founded on addressing community-identified priorities

2. Within their university course, students use the resources provided (along with academic literature, publicly available reports, case studies and other reference material) to take a human-centred approach to research, innovation, and the generation of new insights in response to a project identified in the EWB Challenge Design Brief

3. The ideas, research, and resources developed through the EWB Challenge are shared back via EWB and CfAT and investigated for further development and future implementation

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After the EWB Challenge in Universities The EWB Challenge is an open-ended learning experience. The breadth and depth of design is left to individual universities and design teams to scope within the context of the submission recommendations. Design ideas which consider links between the individual project areas listed in the design brief are welcome.

All student submissions provided to EWB Australia through the EWB Challenge Program will be shared with CfAT to support their work with communities.

While the focus of this EWB Challenge project brief is the Cape York region, note CfAT is also interested in exploring how top ideas might be applied more broadly to their work with communities across remote areas of Australia. The design challenge projects in this Design Brief tend to have broad applicability across remote Indigenous communities, considering the unique technical challenges that exist. Workshops and conversations at the end of 2020 will investigate what innovative design ideas might be most relevant to pursue, as well as the most appropriate pathway to further development.

EWB Australia acknowledges the Traditional Custodians of Country throughout Australia and recognise their continuing connection to land, waters, culture and community. We pay our respects to them, their cultures and their land; to Elders both past & present; and to emerging leaders. We recognise that Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander peoples never ceded sovereignty of what we call Australia.

Your role through the EWB Challenge The 2020 EWB Challenge projects and supporting resources were developed through a scoping process which explored, compiled, then distilled an outline of priority issues and opportunities as identified by CfAT staff and the communities they work with. You will be working with the outputs of that scoping process in your course, which include this Design Brief and the EWB Challenge website resources.

You are encouraged to dive deep into the context of remote Indigenous homelands as you develop your design concept. Utilise the resources available to you to immerse yourself in the environment and culture in which your project is situated, and to start to uncover the opportunities and challenges that will influence your proposal. By taking the time to understand the broad context that your projects sits within, you will develop an idea that is not only technically feasible, but relevant and exciting for your stakeholders!

It is vitally important that you engage appropriately when working on your EWB Challenge project and respect the time and privacy of community members in Cape York. The EWB Challenge team works with partner staff and communities to develop resources so that you can be human-centred and place-based in your approach without having to contact communities directly. Please use these resources to the best of your ability and ask your academic team or the EWB Challenge discussion forum for support if you are looking for more ideas or guidance. Under no circumstances are students to contact community members or project stakeholders in Cape York.

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EWB’s Approach to Working on Country 5

About the Centre for Appropriate Technology 7

Thinking About Indigenous Homelands & the Cape York Peninsula 10

Design Area 1: Transport & Access 13

Design Area 2: ICT 16

Design Area 3: Structures 18

Design Area 4: Energy 20

Design Area 5: Water Management 22

Design Area 6: Waste & Reuse 24

Design Area 7: Conservation & Land Management 26

Design Considerations 28

Further Resources 30

Contents

5 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

EWB’s approach to working on Country Engineers Without Borders Australia (EWB) aims to ensure that everyone in Australia has access to the engineering knowledge and resources required to live a life of opportunity, free from poverty.

Our Engineering on Country program works to increase Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ capability to live safely and productively on Country and pursue their community aspirations, through improved access to engineering, technology and infrastructure. Since 2009, EWB Australia has worked with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Queensland, the Northern Territory, and Western Australia on a range of community-identified projects. These have mostly taken place through long-term partnerships developed directly with communities and, since 2014, through the EWB Connect pro bono program.

EWB takes a community-centred approach to bridge self-identified gaps in access to community health, wellbeing and opportunity.

The focus of the Engineering on Country program is on sustained engagement to build strong relationships and best practice models, strategically deploying people to achieve long-term impact through knowledge sharing and the application of engineering knowledge and resources. We also focus on building the capabilities of the engineering sector, to ensure that more high-quality engineering, infrastructure and technology-based projects are delivered through a community-centred approach, creating the strongest possible social outcomes and community empowerment. We do this through a variety of mechanisms, including:

● Community visioning: facilitating co-design processes and community visioning to support our community partners to identify their priorities and needs. This ensures communities have a shared vision and agreed roadmap for how they will lead the process.

● Community partnerships: strengthening the capacity of our partner organisations to access or deliver people- centred engineering and technology outcomes. This can include professional secondments, capacity building and/or mentoring.

● Pro bono projects: providing and brokering pro bono engineering and professional services to communities. Often, this will support communities at the feasibility or concept design stage of a project, in order to provide the necessary technical resources for the community partner to progress with capital raising, funding applications or contracting for the project implementation.

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● Research and Development: creating new knowledge and approaches in engineering innovation and technology to benefit remote communities and develop appropriate technologies.

● Professional skills development: building the skills of the engineering sector to ensure more projects deliver strong social outcomes and community empowerment.

Read more about EWB Australia’s Engineering On Country strategy in the 2018/2019 EWB Australia Annual Report

The EWB Australia and CfAT Partnership EWB has partnered with the Centre for Appropriate Technology in Queensland for over 10 years.

Specific partnership activities include:

● Access to Energy – exploring and developing self- reliant models including community enterprise and impact investing;

● Appropriate Technology development – appropriating technology to make it more suitable for Indigenous communities for sustainable livelihoods on Country;

● Land-use planning – supporting Ranger programs and the Healthy Country Planning process with appropriate enabling infrastructure; and

● Specific community infrastructure support projects.

You can see a video of a previous project undertaken by Bana Yarralji Bubu Corporation, EWB, CfAT and our partners here: Shipton’s Flat project video.

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About the Centre for Appropriate Technology website, ‘Our Story’

About the Centre for AppropriateTechnology

Why we exist: CfAT Ltd exists to support people in regional and remote Australia in the choices they make in order to maintain their relationship with Country. Maintaining a relationship with Country may include a desire to live on Country, visit Country, develop Country for economic benefit or protect Country. We achieve this by providing solutions to infrastructure challenges that people face in maintaining their relationship with Country, primarily: reliable power, water supply, digital connectivity, built

infrastructure, training and skills development.

Our vision: Sustainable and enterprising communities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People underpinned by appropriate ‘fit for purpose’ technology.

Our mission: Through their unique knowledge of and engagement with remote people and place CfAT delivers practical, integrated project design, technical innovation, training and infrastructure products and services – supporting livelihoods and growth in economic opportunities across remote areas.

Our history: CfAT was born from and has been instrumental in the history of the Indigenous Homelands Movement. The Homelands Movement is a product of the Indigenous land rights movement that saw Australian First Nations people exert their rights to self-determination on their own traditional Country. CfAT was launched in 1980 to support this post colonisation movement back to Country, with the appropriate technology to make life comfortable, safer and more sustainable. You can read about CfAT’s long history in the book “Alternative Interventions” complied in 2014. CfAT is most renown for its ground breaking and multi- award winning work with the Bushlight Renewable energy program designing and building over 130 remote standalone solar power systems in remote indigenous homelands. In 2011 CfAT won the Sir William Hudson Engineering Excellence award for humanitarian engineering for taking the Bushlight program to India.

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Ekistica Building on CfAT’s renewable energy capabilities built by the Bushlight program, in 2007 CfAT’s board established Australia’s first fully Indigenous owner engineering company. Ekistica (formerly CAT Projects) is a highly successful profit for purpose full spectrum Engineering Consultancy specialising in renewable energy. Ekistica is 100% owned by CfAT, returning its profits to support CfAT’s mission. Ekistica provides a professional engineering foundation that often provides technical support CfAT work in Indigenous communities.

Values and approaches to consider Over decades working with Aboriginal and Torres

Co-designed and place-based CfAT places authentic participatory engagement with community at the core of their work. Community members are the experts on what ‘success’ and many of the solutions look like for projects on Country, as well as what living comfortably on Country means for them.

● Read more about the importance of and CfAT’s approach to community engagement

Community members also have valuable understanding of what will and won’t work when it comes to projects on their land. Healthy Country Planning is an example of an Indigenous community-focused participatory planning process that is based on achieving conservation outcomes. Well-designed, genuine involvement of communities across a project is also rooted in an understanding of different stakeholders along with how and when they need to be included in conversations or decision-making to move a project forward to a meaningful and sustainable outcome.

● Read more about what ‘Community Involvement’ principles and examples in Section A1 of the National Indigenous Infrastructure Guide

Andre Grant, CfAT Queensland Regional Manager

To Learn More ● Listen: to Peter Renehan, Chairperson for the

Centre for Appropriate Technology provide a short background to the organisation and what engineers should consider when working with Indigenous communities

● Read: Centre for Appropriate Technology, ‘Community Planning with the Lama Lama People’

● Explore: Centre for Appropriate Technology Strategic Plan 2016-21

Enabling infrastructure and innovation to support self-reliance on Country Given the remote locations of many communities CfAT works with, it is extremely beneficial when projects can be built, maintained and sustained locally. Many ‘standard’ infrastructure solutions are either unaffordable or require a niche level of technical skill which is challenging to access. CfAT works with communities to innovate infrastructure solutions that provide the same function whilst being more affordable and easier to build, maintain and sustain. This is supplemented by capacity building to transfer the knowledge and skills required to operate and maintain solutions. A critical component of project design is ensuring that technical knowledge is communicated clearly. A ‘technically appropriate’ solution may actually be entirely inappropriate for a community context if it is unnecessarily complex and therefore inaccessible.

Great examples of accessible knowledge sharing are the BushTechs available on the CfAT website.

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Thinking about Indigenous Homelands & the Cape York Peninsula This year’s EWB Challenge project briefs explore appropriate technology to support Traditional Owners living and thriving on homelands and outstations, with a focus on CfAT’s work with communities in the Cape York region of Far North Queensland.

Land Tenure on Cape York Through the 1990s and 2000s, via legislation such as the Aboriginal Land Act 1991 and Cape York Peninsula Heritage Act 2007, the process of recognising Traditional Owners and returning land rights across Cape York moved forward. From 2007, the Cape York Tenure Resolution Program set the stage for the current state of land tenure and environmental management on the Cape York Peninsula. The Australian government began purchasing existing pastoral leases and negotiating with Indigenous communities recognised as Traditional Owners

to determine how the land might be returned and divided for different uses in line with conservation goals. This program set the stage for land management under Indigenous Land Use Agreements (ILUAs) which addressed key types of land tenure:

● Aboriginal freehold is land which may be used for any purpose provided there is compliance with all relevant laws.

● Jointly-managed National Park known as CYPAL, ‘Cape York Peninsula Aboriginal Land’ unique to Cape York. This land is managed jointly by Traditional Owners and government departments through Indigenous Management Agreements (IMAs) to achieve conservation outcomes.

● Nature refuges managed under a Conservation Agreement associated with the Nature Conservation Act 1992 (Qld) - land which is not national park but has significant conservation value and will be managed as such.

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Living on and Managing Country Many of the remote Indigenous homelands on Cape York are former cattle stations which were purchased by the Australian government and then restored to the Aboriginal communities who are the Traditional Owners of this land. In many cases, before a transfer of ownership the cattle station land would see little to no investment, maintenance, or be stripped of assets. Traditional Owners would be required to address existing infrastructure deficiencies before being able to move back onto and manage Country.

Look around an example of a former cattle station recently returned to Traditional Owners

Community and Governance Part of the landmark 1993 Native Title Act, the ‘law passed by the Australian Parliament that recognises the rights and interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in land and waters according to their traditional laws and customs’, outlines the requirement for a Prescribed Body Corporate (PBC) to be established for management, representation, and decision-making purposes. Guided by the Corporations (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Act 2006 (CATSI Act), the group must then be registered with and will receive support from the Office of the Registrar of Indigenous Corporations (ORIC).

Consider further research around native title, governance, and management systems as you begin thinking about the context your design proposal sits within.

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To Learn More ● Explore: The State of Queensland and

Commonwealth of Australia, 1995. ‘Cape York Peninsula Land Use Strategy (CYPLUS)’, including the three stage 1 thematic reports on ‘Natural Resources and Ecology’, ‘Land Use and Economy’, and ‘Society and Culture’.

● Read: Queensland Government, Parks and Forests website: ‘Aboriginal freehold land and jointly managed parks on Cape York Peninsula’

● Read: Queensland Government, Media Statement, 25 October 2017: ‘Celebrating 10 years of Cape York’s land legacy’

● Listen to: Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS): Cape York Peninsula Aboriginal freehold and national parks – Agreements and achievements 2005 - 2014. Presented AIATSIS Native Title Conference, Port Douglas, Queensland, 17 June 2015

● Read: Ecosystem services: Key concepts and applications, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, 2010. Occasional Paper Series No.1

● Explore: Stories from Country 2015 - 2017, How Indigenous Rangers and Indigenous Protected Areas are strengthening connections to Country, culture and community. National Indigenous Australians Agency

● Read: Australian Conservation Foundation, 15 December 2016: Wuthathi people return to Shelburne Bay

Key background you can assume within your EWB Challenge project proposal Across nearly 30 years of working with a number of communities across Cape York, Centre for Appropriate Technology staff have recognised a common framework of the requirements to live on Country. You might consider how these areas interact with your specific project as you develop your design idea. Living comfortably on Country requires, broadly:

● Clean water supply with a back up system

● Reliable power supply

● An appropriately designed dwelling

● Fans

● Large, reliable refrigeration for extended food storage

● Year round emergency access

● An internet connection or other means of telecommunication

Inherently linked to these themes are the ‘Design Considerations’ such as reliability and materials choice described at the end of this brief.

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Wet season on Cape York The wet season on Cape York runs from approximately December to April, however rains can impact travel and the accessibility of certain areas anywhere from November to June. Flooding along the Peninsula Development Road means communities north of the town of Laura are regularly inaccessible by vehicles. Critically, however, locations where people remain during the wet season are serviced by airstrips. Airstrips enable access to remote locations and also enable the transport of goods across the year.

Design Area One Transport and Access

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Transport Systems and Environmental Impact Levels of freight and tourist traffic are increasing as roads are bitumised across the Cape, and this growth in vehicle movement is associated with increases in the introduction of invasive weeds across sensitive ecosystems. Weed corridors can develop along main roads which require significant time and money to remove. Rangers managing Indigenous Protected Areas have a significant focus on weed management, especially after wet season when weeds grow most rapidly in areas that are inaccessible until water levels go back down. Gravel is extracted for road construction via large ‘borrow pits’, which require significant land clearing and excavation, leaving scars across the landscape. There are currently limited controls in place to manage the environmental impact of gravel extraction, and moving gravel from borrow pits to be spread across a road network can be a significant mechanism for weed spread. Heavy rains and flooding during the wet season can also cause significant runoff from gravel roads which then flows directly into river systems. Indigenous communities are increasingly noticing the silting up of water bodies after wet season potentially linked to washed out roads.

Project Opportunities 1.1 Road design to reduce environmental impact Basic gravel roads are very common across Cape York frequently and become washed out by heavy rain and flood during the wet season. With no specific run-off management in place, the soil and gravel from this infrastructure flows into adjacent river systems and causing issues with silting. As bitumensing roads is a slow and expensive process, this project looks at alternative techniques for road construction and run off management to reduce negative environmental impacts. Teams can consider a key stakeholder for this project to be Aboriginal Corporations who are often engaged in the construction of roads on their Country and have experience with road construction or other types of civil contracting work.

1.2 Methods to reduce the spread of weeds Vehicle washdown facilities are available in some locations across Cape York to reduce the movement of weeds, however these can be very expensive both to install and operate especially due to the associated ongoing energy requirements. This project looks at innovative mechanisms that could be utilised at 2-3 controlled entry points around Indigenous Protected Areas to reduce, or ideally eliminate, the introduction of weeds from vehicles.

Additional Information Below are a few resources that you might find helpful to get started working on these design projects. Please see the ‘Resources’ section for a full list as you might find others that help to inform your project.

● Watch: a snapshot of traveling around Cape York and the movement of people and materials across a different seasons

● Explore: Queensland Government, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries: Weeds of National Significance (WONS)

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The CAT Hotspot The CAT mobile phone hotspot is an appropriate technology design which extends existing mobile phone coverage in remote areas struggling with connectivity. The design works by focusing and amplifying a signal and, importantly for remote areas, does not require connection to an energy supply. In production now for approximately 8 years, CAT Hotspots have been installed across remote areas of Australia and not just associated with Indigenous communities.

Design Area Two ICT

15 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Project Opportunities 2.1 Visitor management on Indigenous Protected Areas Where ranger bases create control points to an Indigenous Protected Area, there is an opportunity to support the visitor experience through a downloadable welcome and offline guide accessible on mobile devices while visitors are on Country. The aim of an offline guide would be to provide the information visitors require to enjoy the Country respectfully, comfortably, and with minimum environmental impact. Considerations include maps of the area with a tracking feature, and information such as drinking water access, ecologically sensitive locations, and areas which are restricted due to cultural significance.

2.2 ICT infrastructure to support appropriate tourism

2.3 Offline solar-bore diagnostic assistant

2.4 Remote monitoring & diagnostic system

2.5 Increasing internet access in remote areas Mobile phone coverage and internet access is limited in Cape York, particularly in remote communities. CfAT have developed a Mobile Phone Hotspot that is a one-user-at- a-time facility to extend mobile coverage in fringe areas with poor coverage by concentrating signals from existing communication towers. In this project, teams will develop solutions to improve mobile phone and data coverage in remote communities who have no mobile phone signal and further improve access to coverage in fringe areas.

● Read: Engineers Australia News, 12 May 2017: Ingenious mobile HotSpot technology connecting remote NT

● Read: ABC Far North, 9 November 2017: No internet, no phones: Roadhouse owners build own mobile tower in desperate bid for reception

16 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

The impact of design choices When looking at structures in remote areas across Cape York, it’s clear that clever design thinking around decisions like materials, building layout, and construction techniques can have significant impact on the final outcome. For example, across the Cape York region the primary point of purchase for most materials is Cairns and therefore the cost associated with getting required materials to site can be significant. Utilising locally available materials, such as bush timber, and reducing the need for difficult, labour-intensive materials such a concrete (which must be transported then mixed on site) can reduce the cost associated with a project while also ensuring maintenance can easily occur as required over time.

Community involvement in construction The CfAT approach embeds community involvement in every stage of a project process, including construction itself. CfAT experience demonstrates that involving community members in construction can not only reduce the cost of a project but also increase the quality and longevity of project outcomes. The cost of bringing in external contractors to work remote areas can be very high - even the base payment to get someone to a project site, before considering payment for their work, can be a significant. In contrast, people who live and/or work in a community often invest additional attention and care to a construction process and while developing skills and understanding which will be locally available in the future when maintenance is required. Wherever possible, structures will be consciously designed to leverage the fundamental construction skills which exist in most communities, rather than relying on niche technical knowledge, skills, or equipment.

Design Area Three Structures

17 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Project Opportunities 3.1 Shelter design to enable access to Country A common statement across the communities CfAT works with is that ‘a home on Country starts with a roof on Country’. Land that has been returned to Traditional Owners frequently has extremely degraded structures, if any remain at all. A simple, modular shelter design utilising locally available materials could support Traditional Owners to access and stay on areas of Country that were previously difficult to visit. Projects in this area should consider how construction might be phased so it can occur as money becomes available (rather than all at once) and the cultural appropriateness of design proposals.

3.2 Keeping places for artifacts on Country Some aboriginal communities are getting cultural artifacts which were taken during colonisation returned into their ownership. Communities would like to keep these items on Country, rather than in a museum potentially some distance away, however the fragile nature of the items means they must be kept in controlled environments so they do not quickly degrade. This project aims to develop a climate- controlled environment with low energy requirements that could serve as a ‘keeping place’ for artifacts such as spears or other wooden items and woven reed dilly bags.

3.3 Simple, replicable visitor shelters There is a recognition of the tourism potential across Cape York, with a specific focus on supporting the growth of tourism that involves low numbers of visitors

3.4 Mobile amenities for campsites A variety of stakeholders including rangers, small tourist groups, or Indigenous families who don’t permanently live on Country frequently camp on Indigenous land across Cape York. This project explores at simple, mobile amenities to service these campsites with minimal environmental impact. Proposals may investigate toilet facilities, sleeping platforms, cooking areas, or other basic facilities.

● Walkthrough: an example of a Ranger Base and Community Building to learn about appropriate building design on Country

● Watch: an overview of bush timber availability and common use

● Explore: a series of 360 photos demonstrating the Cape York context, innovative building design, and the potential for tourism

18 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Access to energy is a key enabler to living and thriving in remote areas across Cape York. Remote, stand alone energy provision has been a significant area of CfAT’s work over time.’ Availability of refrigeration is essential in remote communities and makes up the majority (estimated up to 70%) of total energy use. In addition to refrigeration for food storage, other common energy uses are for lighting, fans, and charging mobile phones.

CfAT and the ‘Bushlight’ system Between 2002 and 2013 CfAT delivered the Bushlight renewable energy program, installing over 130 renewable energy systems across Queensland, Western Australia, and the Northern Territory. A Bushlight system generally consists of a solar array, battery storage, distributed energy management units (EMUs), and a diesel generator back up.

Design Area Four Energy

19 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Project Opportunities 4.1 Alternatives and improvements to refrigerators and freezers Remote Indigenous communities rely on refrigeration and freezers to store large amounts of food over time, ensuring traditional hunting practices can be maintained and people can come and go from Country as needed. This project looks at mechanisms for freezing and storing food beyond the generic available appliances which are dependent on connection to a large, pre-existing solar power supply.

4.2 Mobile solar power supply Energy requirements across locations on Cape York vary across wet/dry seasons and as people move from place to place (i.e. ranger groups working on Country). While solar power is a proven and accepted technology in use across the Cape, this is often in the form of a complete remote, standalone solar power system in one location and is a significant investment. In this project you are challenged to explore opportunities for mobile solar power supply which are robust enough to be transported between sites. Project teams may assume the availability of a 4-wheel drive trailer and an approximate desired supply of 3-10kwH per day.

4.3 Appropriate energy supply for vehicle washdown facilities Reliable washdown facilities can be a key mechanism to reduce the introduction of weeds across Cape York (see ‘transport and access’ design area 1). Currently, water pumps at washdown facilities are powered by large (approximately 45 KvA) generators, which can be very expensive to run given the sporadic nature of traffic in these locations, estimated at about 10 vehicles across the course of a day. In this project you are challenged to design an efficient, low cost energy supply for washdown stations which will address the need for short bursts of energy alongside long periods of idling. Projects might investigate opportunities such as the use of cars in the washdown station as energy sources or the use of battery storage and can, if required, explore vehicle washdown methods which are slower or require more steps to complete the process.

4.4 Innovations in energy storage CfAT is aware that innovations in the area of energy storage are happening quickly, and are interested in ways that new developments in this space might further enable their work. While CfAT currently relies on lead-acid batteries for most uses (these are ‘tried and tested’ in the context), they are interested in research and innovation that looks at alternative energy storage with a particular focus on affordability, effectiveness, and reliability. Design ideas and research in this area might choose to focus on direct links to further enabling CfAT fixed solar power systems or may explore other options, and should consider the common challenge of battery overcycling. Projects should clearly consider and outline the criteria for assessing energy storage options.

● Read: Off-Grid Guide: Best practice guide to the procurement, deployment and maintenance of remote off-grid solar power systems in the Northern Territory and beyond. Written by Ekistica, in collaboration with the Intyalheme Centre for Future Energy

● Read: Renewable Energy in Remote Australian Communities (A Market Survey). Australian Cooperative Research Centre for Renewable Energy (ACRE) and the Centre for Appropriate Technology (CfAT). The outcomes of this research informed key design criteria for the Bushlight program, including the development of a continuous improvement process across the life of the program

● Explore: the Bushlight Energy Archive

20 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

When considering whether a location might be appropriate a future project, such as the construction of a ranger base, the availability of water is a key consideration.

Initial scoping will look at river access, groundwater availability, existing boreholes, and other features of a site to determine the feasibility of water supply.

The water supply on many remote Indigenous homelands consists of a borehole connected to a solar-powered pump, with rainwater tanks available as a back-up system. The photo gallery in this section provides an example walkthrough of these systems including information on design features. Another case study resource walks through a more recently completed CfAT project which developed a community water supply from a nearby river.

Design Area Five Water Management

21 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Project Opportunities 5.1 Water treatment system for saline bores Access to drinking water in remote communities is often through boreholes drilled to enable groundwater access. However, where boreholes are pumping increasingly saline water, these water points are no longer able to support nearby communities. This project looks at low- cost mechanisms for water purification which would bring currently brackish water up to drinking water standards.

5.2 Mobile solar-powered bore pumps Solar-powered bores are very common water supply systems across remote Indigenous communities in Cape York, providing water for domestic purposes as well as occasional agricultural uses such as fruit trees or mustered cattle. Many locations where bores are in operation are not required to be consistently operating as people are only on site at certain times of year i.e. the dry season, when specific work in that location must be completed, etc. This project explores options for solar-powered bore pumps (and associated flexible piping required) which can be readily moved from place to place as needed and connected to in-situ, approximately 100m bore holes and pvc-pipe casing. Mobile solar-powered bore pumps would reduce the expense associated with building and maintaining a pump at each water supply location.

5.3 Mobile showers for ranger programs The land management activities conducted by rangers through Indigenous Ranger Programs often require groups of staff to camp on Country for days or weeks at a time. While these locations can be serviced by basic infrastructure such as toilets and water tank, the availability of an appropriate, environmentally-benign showering system would be of great benefit. In this project teams will explore options for portable shower devices, along with a water management system that ensures run-off from showers does not negatively impact the surrounding environment. Projects should assume limited availability of water on site and use by 5-15 rangers per day.

5.4 Increasing natural disaster resilience of riverbank pump systems Portable fire-fighting pumps are commonly used to pump water up to an accessible central location from a river as either the primary or back-up water source for a community. Regular, fast-moving flood events are a significant issue for these systems as the pumps can quickly be washed away and need to be replaced. This project investigates techniques which might enable pumps to withstand flood and cyclone events.

5.5 Grey water management

See also: 2.3 Offline solar bore diagnostic assistant

● Walkthrough: an example of a CfAT supported water supply system

● Explore: Queensland. Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy. Water Services, North Region. Water Planning. ‘Cape York water atlas : covering the 15 river catchment regions that make up the Cape York water plan area’

22 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

The remote location of many Indigenous communities in Cape York makes involvement in municipal waste collection services challenging. Generally waste is processed within a community and this involves separation followed by landfill or incineration.

Waste that accumulates along coastlines is an ongoing challenge. Ghost nets, for example, are discarded or lost plastic fishing nets from overseas which wash up in considerable quantities. This dispersed waste is challenging to collect and dispose of, and can have negative impacts on biodiversity.

The CfAT ‘CATFab’ The Alice Springs CfAT location hosts an enterprise workshop known as ‘CATFab’ where creative appropriate technology design, enterprise, and skill development meet. The CATFab workspace contains a variety of different types of machinery which is used to repurpose available materials into creative products. Chip heaters, drum ovens, and the CfAT Hotspot are examples of items constructed in this facility.

Design Area Six Waste & Reuse

23 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Project Opportunities 6.1 Remote re/upcycling opportunities The challenges of centralised waste collection and disposal in a remote area open up opportunities to more deeply explore recycling or upcycling the most common forms of waste found on Country. This project explores appropriate repurposing of common waste items, including ghost nets and plastics which commonly wash up on shorelines on the east coast of Cape York.

6.2 CATFab alternatives to electric goods CfAT are interested in harnessing the creativity and fabrication skills of the CATFab employees to develop simple, sustainable alternatives to currently available generic white goods. Generic white goods in remote bush locations can be difficult to maintain, repair, and appropriately dispose of, so simple alternatives to these products can extend the life of a functional product while also reducing the level of waste that must either be transported to a city or disposed of in the bush. Key activities of interest are clothes washing (i.e. reducing the need for electrical washing machines), refrigeration (see possible links to design project 4.1), white goods in general and communication (i.e. simple mobile phones).

6.3 Appropriate collection and management of plastics Plastics are a growing waste stream with currently limited management processes. In this project teams will investigate appropriate ways to manage the different types of plastic waste produced in remote indigenous communities and propose mechanisms through which the negative impact of this waste stream might be reduced or mitigated.

● Read: Northern Australia Environmental Research Portal. Waste and Marine Debris in Remote Northern Australian Communities. July 2017 Final Report ‘Remote recycling, rubbish and marine debris management in north Australia needs strong helping hands: Summary of Cape York Peninsula community case studies’

● Explore: Queensland Government website, Queensland’s new waste strategy

24 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Through supporting basic appropriate infrastructure development, CfAT is aiming to enable Traditional Owners to be on Country and take care of Country. Taking care of Country often involves a variety of traditional land management activities and aligns with the growing presence of Indigenous Ranger Programs across Queensland.

Indigenous Ranger Programs operate in coordination with the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service on jointly-managed national park land. Land management responsibilities include ‘fencing, cattle management, cultural and natural values protection’ . CfAT has seen success supporting the construction of ranger bases that further enable the work of Indigenous Rangers through controlling visitor access to Country and creating a central point for activities like coastal monitoring.

Fire Management and Carbon Farming Indigenous communities have traditionally managed landscapes through the use of fire, and this knowledge is being increasingly recognised by others involved in environmental management including government policy makers. Traditional practice involves burning strategic areas of savannah woodland just after the wet season - called ‘cool burning’, these fires are low intensity and reduce the fuel available for fires which might otherwise occur later in the year.

Design Area Seven Conservation and Land Management

25 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Project Opportunities 6.1 Tools to enable remote fire management The ‘cool burn’ fire management technique involves setting small fires in a mosaic pattern which ensures appropriate areas are burnt and any wildlife present is able to move away from danger through safe corridors. Fires are set and managed by Rangers, who have access to drones and mapping equipment to assist this work. As some areas which would be most appropriate for burning are difficult or impossible for rangers to access (due to vegetation, terrain, creeks, etc), it has been recognised that fire management could be supported through safe tools, which would enable rangers to remotely distribute the small incendiaries from a nearby location. Projects in this area could consider the use of drones and must include comprehensive risk management plans.

6.2 Protection of turtle nests The east coast of Cape York contains many unique and ecological-sensitive areas. Undisturbed beaches provide important nesting locations for turtles, however feral pigs are having an increasingly negative impact through digging up and eating the eggs. This project investigates mechanisms to protect turtle nests on Cape York coastlines.

See also: 1.2 Methods to reduce the spread of weeds

See also: 2.2 ICT infrastructure to support appropriate tourism

● View: Anne Davies and Carly Earl in The Guardian, 20 December 2018: ‘Life on the land with the Lama Lama rangers – a picture essay’

● Read: Emilie Ens and Alana Grech in The Conversation, 15 January 2018: ‘Indigenous ranger programs are working in Queensland – they should be expanded’

● Explore: North Australian & Rangelands Fire Information (NAFI) website

● Watch: ABC Education, Bruce Pascoe: Aboriginal agriculture, technology and ingenuity, Chapter 13, Fire

● Watch: Indigenous rangers in West Arnhem Land, Northern Territory have offset more than one million tonnes of C02e through strategic early dry-season burning to prevent devastating uncontrolled bushfires later in the year. See more here

26 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

implementation, operation/program delivery costs, and maintenance costs. Consider if there are any potential economic benefits to the community which could result from the project.

Effective technical design – Is the technical design the most appropriate and effective for this context? Take the time to show what alternatives were considered and why you are proposing your design as the most appropriate. Previous EWB Challenges show that the most successful designs are often ones that are simple in design and can be implemented / prototyped (tested) rapidly.

Materials – Have you considered the use of locally available materials that are culturally acceptable and environmentally friendly wherever possible. Transportation of project materials and availability of materials which might be required for future maintenance are a significant consideration for projects in remote locations. Where might your proposed materials be sourced from?

Delivery and ongoing management – Who might construct and/or implement the project? Is the design response one that considers local capacity for ongoing management, repair, and maintenance? As much as possible, does your design or system proposal align with locally available expertise?

Sustainability – Consider the long-term sustainability of your project proposal. What measures could be put in place to ensure the successful continuation into the future?

Impacts on community – What impact will your design have on members of the community? Who are your key stakeholders? Is there anyone you haven’t included?

Impacts on environment – What impact, both positive and negative, will your design have on the local environment? What measures can you put in place to mitigate any negative impacts?

Cultural and social factors – Does your design align with or celebrate the cultural and social practices of people who live and work on Country?

Community engagement – How would you propose that EWB and CfAT engage and consult the community throughout the project? Think about the initial design right through to implementation. What avenues are there for community members to become involved? What form(s) of community engagement might be required for your particular design response?

Cost and economic benefits – What is the estimated cost of the project? Think about the ‘Capital Expenditure’ (initial cost to start) and Operational Expenditure (ongoing costs over time), which might include material costs,

Design Considerations

27 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

You are encouraged to include a response to each of the above in the design proposal submitted for the EWB Challenge.

Additional Considerations for the CfAT and Cape York context: Remote diagnostics - Many of the remote Indigenous communities CfAT work with have limited mobile phone reception on Country. When considering options for ongoing maintenance, you may explore opportunities for remote diagnostics. In other words, how can you make it easy as possible to figure out and address an issue if a key element of your design proposal breaks? How might you better engage key community members or users in assisting the process of remote problem identification and troubleshooting to avoid (as much as possible) the requirement for external support to be brought in, or make this as efficient as possible when required? A critical challenge for appropriate design is the sheer cost of mobilising technical expertise to site to resolve system breakdowns.

Simplicity and Aesthetics - Two criteria specifically identified but often not considered in the design and development of engineering solutions are simplicity and aesthetics. ‘Simplicity’ of design was interpreted as how a project would be both built and maintained - ‘there’s no need to complicate things!’. Aesthetics are how your design solution looks and feels - the most cost effective solution does not have to be ugly!

Seasonality - A number of remote homelands become inaccessible in the rainy season, which is typically from December to April but can stretch from November - June (or even later in some more remote areas). How might your project plan work around the varying levels of site access associated with the wet season?

Disaster resilience - A number of remote homelands are subject to extreme weather conditions. For example much of Cape York is classified as Australia wind region C (cyclonic) and may be upgraded to D (severe cyclonic) as the number of severity of cyclones increases with the change in climate. Are there design decisions which might increase the cyclone or flood resilience of your proposal?

28 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

Further Resources The EWB Challenge Design Brief is the foundation from which students can begin developing design ideas to address the priority areas identified by our 2020 EWB Challenge partner organisation and the communities they work with. Further resources to support students with exploring the context of remote indigenous homelands on Cape York Peninsula and the development of a feasible, viable, innovative design solutions are available on the EWB Challenge website, including:

● Background on the Centre for Appropriate Technology approach and project examples

● Baseline data including community demographics, material costs, etc

● Photos and videos to build contextual understanding

● A student discussion forum moderated by EWB Australia staff

And more generally

● EWB ‘Key Development Concepts’ focused on the principles behind sustainable development projects

● Links to previous EWB Challenge award-winning student reports

● A downloadable ‘reviewer assessment criteria’, used by our external team to evaluate the top submissions to be invited to the annual Finalists’ Showcase Event

29 2020 EWB Challenge Design Brief

3b/cheat_sheet_1_narrating_powerpoints.pdf

Cheat Sheet Narrating A Powerpoint 1 | P a g e

CHEAT SHEET 1

Narrating PowerPoints Before you start to add audio to your PowerPoint ensure you have finalised the design and

compressed all images (see Cheat sheet Compressing PowerPoints)

Menu - Image 1

STEP 1: Start recording

Go to the slide you wish your audio to start.

On the menu go to “slide show” and select “record slide show”, “start recording”

STEP 2:

As you record your slides the narration will follow

each slide as you click though them.

Once you have completed your recording “select

the “X” on the recording panel. This will end the

recording. (See image 3)

STEP 3: Trimming you audios

You will notice that there will now be an audio icon on each recorded slide (see Image 4)

If you need to trim your audio “right click on the speaker icon” and a panel will appear (see Image

5) PowerPoint will allow you to trim your audio by selecting and dragging the green slide to the left

or dragging the red slide to the right. (see Image 6) this is very basic editoring only.

Slideshow- Image2

Audio icons Image 4

Recording panel- Image 3

Cheat Sheet Narrating A Powerpoint 2 | P a g e

STEP 4 - Re-recording a slide

If you need to re-record a slide, delete the audio icon on the selected slide.

Go to the menu and select insert, Audio,record audio, ( Image 7) start recording by selecting the

red button, (Image 8)this will allow you to just record an individual slide.

Once complete select ok.

Step 5 – Compressing your file

You can make your PowerPoint

presentation smaller and improve playback

performance by compressing your media

files.

Under the file menu select compress

media. (Image 9)

Trim Audios- Image 5 Audio editor - Image 6

Audios editor - Image 7

Record - Image 8

Compress – Image 9

Cheat Sheet Narrating A Powerpoint 3 | P a g e

To specify the quality of the media, which in turn, determines the size of the file, select one of the

following:

Presentation Quality-Save space while maintaining overall audio and video quality.

Internet Quality-Quality will be similar to the above which is streamed over the Internet.

Low Quality -Use when space is limited, such as when you are sending presentations via e-mail

STEP 6 - Saving your powerpoint

There are a number of formats you can save your file too.

Here is a couple of suggestions (Image 10)

PowerPoint presentation, is what is use as my default setting.

PowerPoint show is a good format as it opens in full screen

and plays automatically. This will saves it as the same size as a

presentation file.

Now if you are wanting to load your presentation to say YouTube or share stream you can save it as a

Windows media file (wmv), this is a larger format then the other two. There are pros and cons with

saving it as a movie file or (wmv) Pros are you can place it on YouTube and it plays like a movie

However there are some cons you need to consider Students

cannot interact with a movie file.

And it may need a third party software to save it as a MP4 such as HandBrake or Online convert which

are free softwares. http://handbrake.fr/downloads.php. http://www.online-convert.com./

Save – Image10

http://handbrake.fr/downloads.php

http://www.online-convert.com./

3b/CUC106 - 2020 Sem 1 - Assign 3b rubric(1).docx

Design and Innovation Project and Prototype Presentation

Coordinator name:

Total mark:

/100

Researcher name:

Total mark:

/100

Designer name:

Total mark:

/100

Comments:

Mark %

Project coordinator:

/50

Researcher:

/50

Prototype designer:

/50

Team component/ Design Solution

/50

High Distinction (85-100)

Introduction and conclusion provide an excellent comprehensive context and overview of the chosen project and prototype design, including remaining constraints/issues

Overall slide design highly consistent and professional.

Layout & design of each slide strongly complements talk and stimulates interest

Always clear speech, excellent eye contact, highly engaging manner

Excellent and comprehensive explanation of why the prototype design is suitable, in terms of cultural, environmental, economic and technical points of view;

Excellent and comprehensive explanation of how the design might be implemented

Layout & design of each slide strongly complements talk and stimulates interest

Always clear speech, excellent eye contact, highly engaging manner

Excellent and clear description of the design and its function

The physical presentation of the model and the level of workmanship is excellent

Layout & design of each slide strongly complements talk and stimulates interest

Always clear speech, excellent eye contact, highly engaging manner

Team cohesion highly visible in a well-coordinated presentation and well-developed design.

Presentation is logically structured with excellent flow.

The design is highly original & innovative

The design is technically highly appropriate for the context and the brief

Physical representation of design idea (3D Model) is highly appropriate

43.

Distinction (75-84)

Introduction and conclusion provide a very good context and overview of the chosen project and prototype design, including remaining constraints/issues

Overall slide design consistent and professional.

Layout & design of each slide complements talk and stimulates interest

Mostly clear speech, good eye contact, engaging manner

Very good explanation of why the prototype design is suitable, in terms of cultural, environmental, economic and technical points of view;

Very good explanation of how the design might be implemented

Layout & design of each slide complements talk and stimulates interest

Mostly clear speech, good eye contact, engaging manner

Very good clear description of the design and its function

The presentation of the model and the level of workmanship is very good

Layout & design of each slide complements talk and stimulates interest

Mostly clear speech, good eye contact, engaging manner

Team works well together in delivering a well-coordinated presentation and design

Presentation is logically structured with very good flow between speakers

There are strong components of originality & innovation in the design

The design is technically appropriate for the context and the brief

Physical representation of design idea (3D Model) is very appropriate

Credit (65-74)

Introduction and conclusion provide generally informative context and overview of the chosen project and prototype design, including remaining constraints/issues

Overall slide design generally consistent and professional.

Layout & design of each slide somewhat complements talk and stimulates interest

Generally clear speech, good eye contact, somewhat engaging manner

Generally informative explanation of why the prototype design is suitable, in terms of cultural, environmental, economic and technical points of view;

Generally informative explanation of how the design might be implemented

Layout & design of each slide somewhat complements talk and stimulates interest

Generally clear speech, good eye contact, somewhat engaging manner

Generally good description of the design and its function

The presentation of the model and the level of workmanship is neat and tidy

Layout & design of each slide somewhat complements talk and stimulates interest

Generally clear speech, good eye contact, somewhat engaging manner

Teamwork is generally apparent in delivering a co-ordinated presentation and design.

Presentation is mostly logically structured with good flow between speakers

Some evidence of originality & innovation in design

The design is, on the whole, technically appropriate for the context and the brief

Physical representation of design idea (3D Model) is satisfactory

Pass (50-64)

Introduction and conclusion provide some context and overview of the chosen project and prototype design, including remaining constraints/issues, but more information would be useful

Overall slide design reasonably consistent

Layout & design of each slide barely complements talk and stimulates interest

Acceptably clear speech, some eye contact, steady but unengaging manner

Some explanation of why the prototype design is suitable, in terms of cultural, environmental, economic and technical points of view; but more information required.

Some explanation of how the design might be implemented, but detail lacking

Layout & design of each slide barely complements talk and stimulates interest (suggest dot points and more images)

Acceptably clear speech, some eye contact, steady but unengaging manner

Adequate description of the design and its function but some detail lacking.

The presentation of the model and the level of workmanship is acceptable

Layout & design of each slide barely complements talk and stimulates interest

Acceptably clear speech, some eye contact, steady but unengaging manner

There is some evidence of teamwork with no major contradictions between speakers.

Presentation is generally logically structured with a basic sense of flow.

Design shows minimal evidence of originality or innovation.

The design is in some respects appropriate for the context and the brief

Physical representation of design idea (3D Model) is a poor choice

Fail (0-49)

Introduction and conclusion do not provide a sufficient context and/or overview of the chosen project and prototype design, and remaining constraints/issues are not addressed

Overall slide design inconsistent and unprofessional.

Layout & design of most slides detracts from talk and/or deters interest

Unclear speech, very little eye contact, disinterested/inappropriate manner

Insufficient explanation of why the prototype design is suitable, in terms of cultural, environmental, economic and technical points of view;

Insufficient explanation of how the design might be implemented

Layout & design of most slides detracts from talk and/or deters interest

Unclear speech, very little eye contact, disinterested/inappropriate manner

Poor description of the design and its function

The presentation of the model and the level of workmanship is not satisfactory

Layout & design of most slides detracts from talk and/or deters interest

Unclear speech, very little eye contact, disinterested/inappropriate manner

Teamwork lacking with little or no cohesion between speakers and/or major contradictions in material.

Presentation structure and flow is poor making presentation very difficult to follow

Design shows no evidence of originality or innovation.

The design is inappropriate for the context and the brief

Physical representation of design idea (3D Model) is non-existent

Comments:

3b/Intro to Assigment 3b.ppt

Click on Insert > new slide to choose your cover, then delete this page.

CUC106
Design & Innovation:
Communicating Technology

Intro to Assignment 3b

V2, S118

NOTE: Make sure you can see the ‘Notes’ beneath each slide! (The notes in this one say “Welcome!”

Welcome!

Click on Insert > new slide to choose your cover, then delete this page.

Unit recap - Project & Assessment

Research

an issue

Plan

with your team

Communicate

your design

Assignment 3b+c

Presentation

Final Report

working in teams

individually

Assignment 2

Project Proposal

Develop

a solution

Assignment 3a

Project Plan

INTRO TO ASSIGNMENT 3

The slide above is useful in reminding you of how Assignment 3 fits in with your project and the Unit as a whole.

Note that ‘Design’ doesn’t finish with Assignment 2 - you need to develop the design to communicate in Assignment 3.

Click on Insert > new slide to choose your cover, then delete this page.

Assignment 3

Part B:
Project and Prototype Presentation

Part C: Final Report

Today we will focus on Part B

Click on Insert > new slide to choose your cover, then delete this page.

Assignment 3b: Presentation

Download task & criteria from Learnline

Read through task & criteria

View at least one sample presentation for example/s of prototype (from Learnline 8.2)

Give students 5 min to download & read the assignment & criteria individually. Focus on drawing out the model requirements – next week we will look at presentation skills.

There are three sample presentations from 2012 students including one which won the national EWB challenge (Tippertap).

Click on Insert > new slide to choose your cover, then delete this page.

Assignment 3b

In your Project Teams, discuss:

What is this assessment asking you to do? Why?
How much time do you think it will take you?
What output is required?
Look at the criteria - how will your work be judged?
What result do you want to get?

Give students 5 min to discuss the questions above, in tables.

Click on Insert > new slide to choose your cover, then delete this page.

Assignment 3b

Project Presentation that explains the background, the issue, the solution and the suitability of your project

Physical 3D Model that clearly conveys your design concept

Due in Week 11
Any questions?

Spend 5 minutes emphasising the key points below, and answering any questions.

This assessment is a Group assessment, so they only create 1 per Group.
The emphasis is on clearly conveying the design.

Examples of past models…

This one was a Solar Cooker (the inside of the black conical shape was reflective).

Examples of past models…

The following slides give you an idea of the kinds of projects & models that have been done in the past.

Examples of past models…

Welcome!

INTRO TO ASSIGNMENT 3

The slide above is useful in reminding you of how Assignment 3 fits in with your project and the Unit as a whole.

Note that ‘Design’ doesn’t finish with Assignment 2 - you need to develop the design to communicate in Assignment 3.

Give students 5 min to download & read the assignment & criteria individually. Focus on drawing out the model requirements – next week we will look at presentation skills.

There are three sample presentations from 2012 students including one which won the national EWB challenge (Tippertap).

Give students 5 min to discuss the questions above, in tables.

Spend 5 minutes emphasising the key points below, and answering any questions.

This assessment is a Group assessment, so they only create 1 per Group.
The emphasis is on clearly conveying the design.

This one was a Solar Cooker (the inside of the black conical shape was reflective).

The following slides give you an idea of the kinds of projects & models that have been done in the past.

3b/Must Read assessment 3b.docx

Our design criteria is selected from EWB Design Brief. And our design area is “Transport and access” among them

Please do make the power point presentation on that. Make a design that can be a solution to Cape York Community. A lot of designs are in internet , please take one of them and relate it to our design brief (EWB Design Brief, Transport and and Road Access)

Make the presentation as sample.

3b/power point 3b.pdf

Tips for creating and converting PowerPoint files …

• Information about getting started with PowerPoint is on this Microsoft page:

https://support.office.com/en-us/article/get-started-with-powerpoint-83824a76-a05e-4d9a-8775-

c7434b15b797

• Basic skills for PowerPoint presentations are described on this Microsoft page:

https://support.office.com/en-us/article/basic-tasks-for-creating-a-powerpoint-presentation-efbbc1cd-

c5f1-4264-b48e-c8a7b0334e36

• A more detailed, 30-minute YouTube video, describing basic to advanced PowerPoint skills, is available

here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1CMxb90g7c

This includes “Inserting Video”, which begins at 14 minutes & 25 seconds, and “Inserting Audio”,

which begins at 17 minutes. (If inserting any video, be sure to select the option for “Video on My PC” –

not “Online Video”.)

• This Microsoft Support page has guidance about recording and embedding audio in PowerPoint slides:

https://support.office.com/en-us/article/video-add-and-record-audio-eeac1757-5f20-4379-95f2-0d0cd151d5b8

• You must include “timing” when recording audio, so that the PowerPoint file can later be converted

into a video file. Different versions are possible, but this Microsoft page offers guidance:

https://support.office.com/en-us/article/record-a-slide-show-with-narration-and-slide-timings-0b9502c6-5f6c-

40ae-b1e7-e47d8741161c

Make sure that your microphone is set up for good sound quality.

• When your PowerPoint file is complete, compress it to help make it small enough for submitting to

Learnline. Click on File; then Info; then Compress Media; and select the ‘Standard’ size option.

• To convert PowerPoint files with “timed narration” into video files, see this Microsoft page:

https://support.office.com/en-us/article/turn-your-presentation-into-a-video-c140551f-cb37-4818-b5d4-

3e30815c3e83

Be sure to select the option for “Use Recorded Timings and Narrations”. Also, when choosing the

video quality, select the option that minimises the file-size for submitting your presentation to

Learnline.

3b/Record Narration External to PowerPoint.pdf

Record Narration External to PowerPoint

Using this method, you should first create an audio file with your voice narration using some recording software, such as Audacity or AudioNotes, or a recording device such as a Dictaphone or digital voice recorder. Then you’ll insert the audio file in the PowerPoint slide and publish the PowerPoint as a video file.

Pros - Easier to edit - Can record anywhere (with the right tools) - Better result

Cons - New bit of software or tools - May take more time

Needs - Audio recording program (such as Audacity or AudioNotes) or device - Microphone - PowerPoint

Steps: 1. Find a quiet space to record the voice narration and record the audio using either the

recording software or audio device.

a. Digital Voice Recorders are often used for research so you may have one already b. AudioNotes is included software on iPhones

c. Audacity is available through the CDU Software Centre

2. Once you are satisfied with the recording, export the audio as .wav or .mp3 file. Save onto your computer.

3. Open the PowerPoint presentation.

4. Save the PowerPoint presentation as a PPTX file – this is the most current file format and enables media features.

5. Select the slide into which you would like to insert audio. Go to the Insert Tab > Audio > Audio from File…

6. Select the relevant file and select Insert.

7. The inserted audio file will appear like this:

8. The audio icon will be visible during the video and must be removed. This can be done by: a. Dragging the icon off the slide area where it cannot be seen, or b. Going into Audio Tools (visible while inserted audio is selected), selecting Playback

and then ticking Hide During Show

9. Once all audio files are inserted onto the relevant slides, it is time to save the video. a. Save the PowerPoint presentation (in case of error) b. Go to the File tab and select Save & Send from the list. c. Select Create a Video and view the options. Computers & HD Displays allows for the

best possible quality video to be exported.

d. Select the Create Video button, choose a destination for your file and a name for it. The video will be exported as a Windows Media Video or WMV file. A progress bar is visible at the bottom of the PowerPoint window.

10. Once the video is saved, PowerPoint may be closed and the video uploaded to a hosting service such as YouTube, Vimeo or ShareStream.

SEE: UPLOADING VIDEOS TO YOTUBE

UPLOADING VIDEO TO VIMEO

UPLOADING VIDEO TO SHARESTREAM

EMBEDDING VIDEOS INTO LEARNLINE

Pros
Cons
Needs
Steps:

3b/Record Narration Within PowerPoint.pdf

Record Narration Slide-by-slide Within PowerPoint

Using this method, you speak to the slide as it appears on screen and play it back. If you are satisfied, you can continue on but if not, you can delete and re-record the audio for that one slide. The audio is recorded directly onto the PowerPoint and does not require any additional software.

Pros - If mistakes, delete and do again - Record at your desktop - Good quick result

Cons - Sound quality not the best - Can be frustrating if small errors - Prone to pick-up office noise (air-con, phone, etc)

Needs - Microphone - PowerPoint

Steps: 1. Prepare your PowerPoint presentation and save it as a PPTX file – this is the most current file

format and enables media features.

2. Minimise office noise in order to record audio. a. Shut off fans, mute telephones and choose days when student interruptions will be

less likely.

b. Ensure your microphone is attached and recognised by the computer. If a microphone is not detected, the Record Audio option will be greyed out and not available.

3. Select the slide into which you would like to insert audio. Go to the Insert Tab > Audio > Record Audio

4. Give the imminent recording a name (most likely that of the slide) and record.

5. If not satisfied with the audio, press Cancel and repeat the process.

6. Once satisfied with the audio press OK and the file will be inserted into the PowerPoint.

7. The inserted audio file will appear like this:

and then ticking Hide During Show

best possible quality video to be exported.

10. Once the video is saved, PowerPoint may be closed and the video uploaded to a hosting service such as YouTube, Vimeo or ShareStream.

3b/sample presentation 3b.html

00:00

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/cast_sender.js.download

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/class.js.download

/* Simple JavaScript Inheritance * By John Resig http://ejohn.org/ * MIT Licensed. */ // Inspired by base2 and Prototype (function(){ var initializing = false, fnTest = /xyz/.test(function(){xyz;}) ? /\b_super\b/ : /.*/; // The base Class implementation (does nothing) this.Class = function(){}; // Create a new Class that inherits from this class Class.extend = function(prop) { var _super = this.prototype; // Instantiate a base class (but only create the instance, // don't run the init constructor) initializing = true; var prototype = new this(); initializing = false; // Copy the properties over onto the new prototype for (var name in prop) { // Check if we're overwriting an existing function prototype[name] = typeof prop[name] == "function" && typeof _super[name] == "function" && fnTest.test(prop[name]) ? (function(name, fn){ return function() { var tmp = this._super; // Add a new ._super() method that is the same method // but on the super-class this._super = _super[name]; // The method only need to be bound temporarily, so we // remove it when we're done executing var ret = fn.apply(this, arguments); this._super = tmp; return ret; }; })(name, prop[name]) : prop[name]; } // The dummy class constructor function Class() { // All construction is actually done in the init method if ( !initializing && this.init ) this.init.apply(this, arguments); } // Populate our constructed prototype object Class.prototype = prototype; // Enforce the constructor to be what we expect Class.prototype.constructor = Class; // And make this class extendable Class.extend = arguments.callee; return Class; }; })();

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/flowplayer.audio.css

/* * Flowplayer HTML5 audio plugin * * Copyright (c) 2016, Flowplayer Drive Oy * * Released under the MIT License: * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php * * revision: v1.0.0-14-gc95d970 */ .is-audio.flowplayer .fp-engine { top: -99999em; } .is-audio.flowplayer .fp-player { background-size: contain; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: center; } .is-audio.flowplayer.is-poster .fp-player { background-size: 0; } .is-audio.flowplayer.is-ad-visible .fp-engine { top: 0; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-engine, .is-audio-only.flowplayer >a { top: -99999em; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-brand, .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-controls, .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-time { display: block !important; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-header, .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-title { display: none !important; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-audio-only-7x { background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0) !important; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-audio-only-7x .fp-ui { cursor: default; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-audio-only-7x .fp-controls, .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-audio-only-7x .fp-timeline { display: -ms-flexbox !important; display: -webkit-flex !important; display: flex !important; cursor: pointer; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-audio-only-7x .fp-timeline { width: 100% !important; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-audio-only-7x.is-loading .fp-controls { opacity: 1; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-splash .fp-duration, .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-splash .fp-timeline, .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-splash .fp-timeline-tooltip, .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-splash .fp-timestamp { display: none; cursor: default; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-splash .fp-buffer, .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-splash .fp-progress, .is-audio-only.flowplayer.is-splash .fp-volumelevel { width: 0 !important; } /* SS Custom Styles */ .is-audio-only.flowplayer { border-radius: 0; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-timestamp, .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-speed { display: none !important; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-controls { background-color: #fff; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-timeline { background-color: #eee; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-color { background-color: #000; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-grey { background-color: #eee !important; } .is-audio-only.flowplayer .fp-ui { color: #000 !important; }

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/flowplayer.audio.min.js.download

/*! Audio plugin for Flowplayer HTML5 Copyright (c) 2016-2017, Flowplayer Drive Oy Released under the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php Requires Flowplayer HTML5 version 6.x or greater v1.0.0-14-gc95d970 */ !function(){"use strict";var o=function(o){o(function(e,n){var i=o.extend(e.conf,e.conf.clip),s=o.common;if(i.audioOnly||s.hasClass(n,"is-audio-only")){var a=o.bean,f=0===o.version.indexOf("6."),c=s.find(".fp-controls",n)[0],t=s.find(".fp-timeline",n)[0],d="background-color",l=f?["fp-embed","fp-fullscreen","fp-title"]:["fp-pause","fp-play","fp-speed-flash"],u=["is-audio-only-7x","is-audio-only","is-mouseover"];f&&(u=u.slice(1).concat(["fixed-controls","play-button"])),l.concat(["fp-ratio","fp-help","fp-speed","fp-waiting"]).forEach(function(o){s.find("."+o,n).forEach(s.removeNode)}),a.off(n,"mouseenter"),a.off(n,"mouseleave"),o.extend(e.conf,{fullscreen:!1,ratio:!1,tooltip:!1}),u.forEach(function(o){s.addClass(n,o)}),s.removeClass(n,"is-mouseout"),f?s.css(n,"margin-bottom",s.css(c,"height")):(/^(transparent|rgba$0,\ 0,\ 0,\ 0$)$/.test(s.css(c,d))&&s.css(c,d,"#bbb"),s.css(n,"height",s.height(c)+30+"px"),s.css(n,"margin-top","-30px")),f||(a.on(s.find(".fp-ui",n)[0],"click",function(o){s.hasClass(o.target,"fp-ui")&&o.stopPropagation()}),e.on("load.audioonly",function(){s.css(t,d,"")})),e.on("unload.audioonly",function(){s.find(".fp-elapsed",n)[0].innerHTML="00:00",f||s.css(t,d,s.css(c,d))})}else{var r=s.find(".fp-player",n)[0],p=function(){s.removeClass(n,"is-audio"),s.css(r,"background-image","")};e.on("ready.audio",function(o,e,a){if(a.audio||!a.index&&i.audio){var f=a&&a.coverImage||!a.index&&i.coverImage;s.addClass(n,"is-audio"),f&&s.css(r,"background-image","url("+f+")")}else p()}).on("unload.audio",p)}})};"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=o:window.flowplayer&&o(window.flowplayer)}();

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/flowplayer.min.js.download

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/flowplayer.speed-menu.min.js.download

/*! Speed menu plugin for Flowplayer HTML5 Copyright (c) 2017, Flowplayer Drive Oy Released under the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php Requires Flowplayer HTML5 version 7.x or greater v1.0.0-5-g42981dd */ !function(){var e=function(e){e(function(n,t){function o(){a.find(".fp-speed-menu",t).forEach(a.removeNode),a.find(".fp-speed",t).forEach(a.removeNode)}function d(e){return Math.round(100*e)/100}function p(){c.appendChild(a.createElement("strong",{className:"fp-speed"},n.currentSpeed+"x"));var e=a.createElement("div",{className:"fp-menu fp-speed-menu",css:{width:"auto"}},"<strong>Speed</strong>");l.forEach(function(n){var t=a.createElement("a",{"data-speed":d(n)},d(n)+"x");e.appendChild(t)}),s.appendChild(e),f(n.currentSpeed)}function f(e){a.find(".fp-speed",t)[0].innerHTML=e+"x",a.find(".fp-speed-menu a",t).forEach(function(n){a.toggleClass(n,"fp-selected",n.getAttribute("data-speed")==e),a.toggleClass(n,"fp-color",n.getAttribute("data-speed")==e)})}var r=e.support;if(r.video&&r.inlineVideo){var a=e.common,i=e.bean,s=a.find(".fp-ui",t)[0],c=a.find(".fp-controls",s)[0],u=1,l=n.conf.speeds;i.on(t,"click",".fp-speed",function(){var e=a.find(".fp-speed-menu",t)[0];a.hasClass(e,"fp-active")?n.hideMenu():n.showMenu(e)}),i.on(t,"click",".fp-speed-menu a",function(e){var t=e.target.getAttribute("data-speed");n.speed(t)}),n.on("speed",function(e,n,t){l.length>1&&f(t)}).on("ready",function(e,n){o(),l=n.conf.speeds,l.length>1&&p()}).on("beforeresume",function(e,n){u=n.currentSpeed}).on("resume",function(e,n){n.currentSpeed!==u&&n.speed(u)})}})};"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=e:"function"==typeof window.flowplayer&&e(window.flowplayer)}();

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/hls.light.min.js.download

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t,r={};for(i.lastIndex=0;null!==(t=i.exec(e));){var a=t[2];0===a.indexOf('"')&&a.lastIndexOf('"')===a.length-1&&(a=a.slice(1,-1)),r[t[1]]=a}return r},t}();t.default=a}).call(this,r(2).Number)},function(e,t,r){"use strict";(function(e){var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(1),n=r(4),o=r(3),s=r(0),l=function(t){function r(e){var r=t.call(this,e,a.default.FRAG_LOADING)||this;return r.loaders={},r}return i(r,t),r.prototype.destroy=function(){var e=this.loaders;for(var r in e){var i=e[r];i&&i.destroy()}this.loaders={},t.prototype.destroy.call(this)},r.prototype.onFragLoading=function(t){var r=t.frag,i=r.type,a=this.loaders,n=this.hls.config,o=n.fLoader,l=n.loader;r.loaded=0;var u,d,f,c=a[i];c&&(s.logger.warn("abort previous fragment loader for type: "+i),c.abort()),c=a[i]=r.loader=n.fLoader?new o(n):new l(n),u={url:r.url,frag:r,responseType:"arraybuffer",progressData:!1};var h=r.byteRangeStartOffset,p=r.byteRangeEndOffset;e.isFinite(h)&&e.isFinite(p)&&(u.rangeStart=h,u.rangeEnd=p),d={timeout:n.fragLoadingTimeOut,maxRetry:0,retryDelay:0,maxRetryDelay:n.fragLoadingMaxRetryTimeout},f={onSuccess:this.loadsuccess.bind(this),onError:this.loaderror.bind(this),onTimeout:this.loadtimeout.bind(this),onProgress:this.loadprogress.bind(this)},c.load(u,d,f)},r.prototype.loadsuccess=function(e,t,r,i){void 0===i&&(i=null);var n=e.data,o=r.frag;o.loader=void 0,this.loaders[o.type]=void 0,this.hls.trigger(a.default.FRAG_LOADED,{payload:n,frag:o,stats:t,networkDetails:i})},r.prototype.loaderror=function(e,t,r){void 0===r&&(r=null);var i=t.frag,n=i.loader;n&&n.abort(),this.loaders[i.type]=void 0,this.hls.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:o.ErrorTypes.NETWORK_ERROR,details:o.ErrorDetails.FRAG_LOAD_ERROR,fatal:!1,frag:t.frag,response:e,networkDetails:r})},r.prototype.loadtimeout=function(e,t,r){void 0===r&&(r=null);var i=t.frag,n=i.loader;n&&n.abort(),this.loaders[i.type]=void 0,this.hls.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:o.ErrorTypes.NETWORK_ERROR,details:o.ErrorDetails.FRAG_LOAD_TIMEOUT,fatal:!1,frag:t.frag,networkDetails:r})},r.prototype.loadprogress=function(e,t,r,i){void 0===i&&(i=null);var n=t.frag;n.loaded=e.loaded,this.hls.trigger(a.default.FRAG_LOAD_PROGRESS,{frag:n,stats:e,networkDetails:i})},r}(n.default);t.default=l}).call(this,r(2).Number)},function(e,t,r){"use strict";var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(1),n=r(4),o=r(3),s=r(0),l=function(e){function t(t){var r=e.call(this,t,a.default.KEY_LOADING)||this;return r.loaders={},r.decryptkey=null,r.decrypturl=null,r}return i(t,e),t.prototype.destroy=function(){for(var e in this.loaders){var t=this.loaders[e];t&&t.destroy()}this.loaders={},n.default.prototype.destroy.call(this)},t.prototype.onKeyLoading=function(e){var t=e.frag,r=t.type,i=this.loaders[r],n=t.decryptdata,o=n.uri;if(o!==this.decrypturl||null===this.decryptkey){var l=this.hls.config;i&&(s.logger.warn("abort previous key loader for type:"+r),i.abort()),t.loader=this.loaders[r]=new l.loader(l),this.decrypturl=o,this.decryptkey=null;var u,d,f;u={url:o,frag:t,responseType:"arraybuffer"},d={timeout:l.fragLoadingTimeOut,maxRetry:0,retryDelay:l.fragLoadingRetryDelay,maxRetryDelay:l.fragLoadingMaxRetryTimeout},f={onSuccess:this.loadsuccess.bind(this),onError:this.loaderror.bind(this),onTimeout:this.loadtimeout.bind(this)},t.loader.load(u,d,f)}else this.decryptkey&&(n.key=this.decryptkey,this.hls.trigger(a.default.KEY_LOADED,{frag:t}))},t.prototype.loadsuccess=function(e,t,r){var i=r.frag;this.decryptkey=i.decryptdata.key=new Uint8Array(e.data),i.loader=void 0,this.loaders[i.type]=void 0,this.hls.trigger(a.default.KEY_LOADED,{frag:i})},t.prototype.loaderror=function(e,t){var r=t.frag,i=r.loader;i&&i.abort(),this.loaders[t.type]=void 0,this.hls.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:o.ErrorTypes.NETWORK_ERROR,details:o.ErrorDetails.KEY_LOAD_ERROR,fatal:!1,frag:r,response:e})},t.prototype.loadtimeout=function(e,t){var r=t.frag,i=r.loader;i&&i.abort(),this.loaders[t.type]=void 0,this.hls.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:o.ErrorTypes.NETWORK_ERROR,details:o.ErrorDetails.KEY_LOAD_TIMEOUT,fatal:!1,frag:r})},t}(n.default);t.default=l},function(e,t,r){"use strict";(function(e){var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(10),n=r(8),o=r(31),s=r(1),l=r(9),u=r(15),d=r(13),f=r(23),c=r(48),h=r(3),p=r(0),g=r(49),v=r(50),m=r(51),y=r(52),_=function(t){function r(e,r){var i=t.call(this,e,s.default.MEDIA_ATTACHED,s.default.MEDIA_DETACHING,s.default.MANIFEST_LOADING,s.default.MANIFEST_PARSED,s.default.LEVEL_LOADED,s.default.KEY_LOADED,s.default.FRAG_LOADED,s.default.FRAG_LOAD_EMERGENCY_ABORTED,s.default.FRAG_PARSING_INIT_SEGMENT,s.default.FRAG_PARSING_DATA,s.default.FRAG_PARSED,s.default.ERROR,s.default.AUDIO_TRACK_SWITCHING,s.default.AUDIO_TRACK_SWITCHED,s.default.BUFFER_CREATED,s.default.BUFFER_APPENDED,s.default.BUFFER_FLUSHED)||this;return i.fragmentTracker=r,i.config=e.config,i.audioCodecSwap=!1,i._state=y.State.STOPPED,i.stallReported=!1,i.gapController=null,i}return i(r,t),r.prototype.startLoad=function(e){if(this.levels){var t=this.lastCurrentTime,r=this.hls;if(this.stopLoad(),this.setInterval(100),this.level=-1,this.fragLoadError=0,!this.startFragRequested){var i=r.startLevel;-1===i&&(i=0,this.bitrateTest=!0),this.level=r.nextLoadLevel=i,this.loadedmetadata=!1}t>0&&-1===e&&(p.logger.log("override startPosition with lastCurrentTime @"+t.toFixed(3)),e=t),this.state=y.State.IDLE,this.nextLoadPosition=this.startPosition=this.lastCurrentTime=e,this.tick()}else this.forceStartLoad=!0,this.state=y.State.STOPPED},r.prototype.stopLoad=function(){this.forceStartLoad=!1,t.prototype.stopLoad.call(this)},r.prototype.doTick=function(){switch(this.state){case y.State.BUFFER_FLUSHING:this.fragLoadError=0;break;case y.State.IDLE:this._doTickIdle();break;case y.State.WAITING_LEVEL:var e=this.levels[this.level];e&&e.details&&(this.state=y.State.IDLE);break;case y.State.FRAG_LOADING_WAITING_RETRY:var t=window.performance.now(),r=this.retryDate;(!r||t>=r||this.media&&this.media.seeking)&&(p.logger.log("mediaController: retryDate reached, switch back to IDLE state"),this.state=y.State.IDLE);break;case y.State.ERROR:case y.State.STOPPED:case y.State.FRAG_LOADING:case y.State.PARSING:case y.State.PARSED:case y.State.ENDED:}this._checkBuffer(),this._checkFragmentChanged()},r.prototype._doTickIdle=function(){var e=this.hls,t=e.config,r=this.media;if(void 0!==this.levelLastLoaded&&(r||!this.startFragRequested&&t.startFragPrefetch)){var i;i=this.loadedmetadata?r.currentTime:this.nextLoadPosition;var a=e.nextLoadLevel,o=this.levels[a];if(o){var l,u=o.bitrate;l=u?Math.max(8*t.maxBufferSize/u,t.maxBufferLength):t.maxBufferLength,l=Math.min(l,t.maxMaxBufferLength);var d=n.BufferHelper.bufferInfo(this.mediaBuffer?this.mediaBuffer:r,i,t.maxBufferHole),f=d.len;if(!(f>=l)){p.logger.trace("buffer length of "+f.toFixed(3)+" is below max of "+l.toFixed(3)+". checking for more payload ..."),this.level=e.nextLoadLevel=a;var c=o.details;if(!c||c.live&&this.levelLastLoaded!==a)this.state=y.State.WAITING_LEVEL;else{if(this._streamEnded(d,c)){var h={};return this.altAudio&&(h.type="video"),this.hls.trigger(s.default.BUFFER_EOS,h),void(this.state=y.State.ENDED)}this._fetchPayloadOrEos(i,d,c)}}}}},r.prototype._fetchPayloadOrEos=function(e,t,r){var i=this.fragPrevious,a=this.level,n=r.fragments,o=n.length;if(0!==o){var s,l=n[0].start,u=n[o-1].start+n[o-1].duration,d=t.end;if(r.initSegment&&!r.initSegment.data)s=r.initSegment;else if(r.live){var f=this.config.initialLiveManifestSize;if(o<f)return void p.logger.warn("Can not start playback of a level, reason: not enough fragments "+o+" < "+f);if(null===(s=this._ensureFragmentAtLivePoint(r,d,l,u,i,n,o)))return}else d<l&&(s=n[0]);s||(s=this._findFragment(l,i,o,n,d,u,r)),s&&(s.encrypted?(p.logger.log("Loading key for "+s.sn+" of ["+r.startSN+" ,"+r.endSN+"],level "+a),this._loadKey(s)):(p.logger.log("Loading "+s.sn+" of ["+r.startSN+" ,"+r.endSN+"],level "+a+", currentTime:"+e.toFixed(3)+",bufferEnd:"+d.toFixed(3)),this._loadFragment(s)))}},r.prototype._ensureFragmentAtLivePoint=function(e,t,r,i,n,o,s){var l,u=this.hls.config,d=this.media,f=void 0!==u.liveMaxLatencyDuration?u.liveMaxLatencyDuration:u.liveMaxLatencyDurationCount*e.targetduration;if(t<Math.max(r-u.maxFragLookUpTolerance,i-f)){var c=this.liveSyncPosition=this.computeLivePosition(r,e);p.logger.log("buffer end: "+t.toFixed(3)+" is located too far from the end of live sliding playlist, reset currentTime to : "+c.toFixed(3)),t=c,d&&d.readyState&&d.duration>c&&(d.currentTime=c),this.nextLoadPosition=c}if(e.PTSKnown&&t>i&&d&&d.readyState)return null;if(this.startFragRequested&&!e.PTSKnown){if(n)if(e.hasProgramDateTime)p.logger.log("live playlist, switching playlist, load frag with same PDT: "+n.programDateTime),l=v.findFragmentByPDT(o,n.endProgramDateTime,u.maxFragLookUpTolerance);else{var h=n.sn+1;if(h>=e.startSN&&h<=e.endSN){var g=o[h-e.startSN];n.cc===g.cc&&(l=g,p.logger.log("live playlist, switching playlist, load frag with next SN: "+l.sn))}l||(l=a.default.search(o,function(e){return n.cc-e.cc}))&&p.logger.log("live playlist, switching playlist, load frag with same CC: "+l.sn)}l||(l=o[Math.min(s-1,Math.round(s/2))],p.logger.log("live playlist, switching playlist, unknown, load middle frag : "+l.sn))}return l},r.prototype._findFragment=function(e,t,r,i,a,n,o){var s,l=this.hls.config;if(a<n){var u=a>n-l.maxFragLookUpTolerance?0:l.maxFragLookUpTolerance;s=v.findFragmentByPTS(t,i,a,u)}else s=i[r-1];if(s){var d=s.sn-o.startSN,f=t&&s.level===t.level,c=i[d-1],h=i[d+1];if(t&&s.sn===t.sn)if(f&&!s.backtracked)if(s.sn<o.endSN){var g=t.deltaPTS;g&&g>l.maxBufferHole&&t.dropped&&d?(s=c,p.logger.warn("SN just loaded, with large PTS gap between audio and video, maybe frag is not starting with a keyframe ? load previous one to try to overcome this")):(s=h,p.logger.log("SN just loaded, load next one: "+s.sn,s))}else s=null;else s.backtracked&&(h&&h.backtracked?(p.logger.warn("Already backtracked from fragment "+h.sn+", will not backtrack to fragment "+s.sn+". Loading fragment "+h.sn),s=h):(p.logger.warn("Loaded fragment with dropped frames, backtracking 1 segment to find a keyframe"),s.dropped=0,c?(s=c).backtracked=!0:d&&(s=null)))}return s},r.prototype._loadKey=function(e){this.state=y.State.KEY_LOADING,this.hls.trigger(s.default.KEY_LOADING,{frag:e})},r.prototype._loadFragment=function(t){var r=this.fragmentTracker.getState(t);this.fragCurrent=t,this.startFragRequested=!0,e.isFinite(t.sn)&&!t.bitrateTest&&(this.nextLoadPosition=t.start+t.duration),t.backtracked||r===l.FragmentState.NOT_LOADED||r===l.FragmentState.PARTIAL?(t.autoLevel=this.hls.autoLevelEnabled,t.bitrateTest=this.bitrateTest,this.hls.trigger(s.default.FRAG_LOADING,{frag:t}),this.demuxer||(this.demuxer=new o.default(this.hls,"main")),this.state=y.State.FRAG_LOADING):r===l.FragmentState.APPENDING&&this._reduceMaxBufferLength(t.duration)&&this.fragmentTracker.removeFragment(t)},Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"state",{get:function(){return this._state},set:function(e){if(this.state!==e){var t=this.state;this._state=e,p.logger.log("main stream:"+t+"->"+e),this.hls.trigger(s.default.STREAM_STATE_TRANSITION,{previousState:t,nextState:e})}},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),r.prototype.getBufferedFrag=function(e){return this.fragmentTracker.getBufferedFrag(e,d.default.LevelType.MAIN)},Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"currentLevel",{get:function(){var e=this.media;if(e){var t=this.getBufferedFrag(e.currentTime);if(t)return t.level}return-1},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"nextBufferedFrag",{get:function(){var e=this.media;return e?this.followingBufferedFrag(this.getBufferedFrag(e.currentTime)):null},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),r.prototype.followingBufferedFrag=function(e){return e?this.getBufferedFrag(e.endPTS+.5):null},Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"nextLevel",{get:function(){var e=this.nextBufferedFrag;return e?e.level:-1},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),r.prototype._checkFragmentChanged=function(){var e,t,r=this.media;if(r&&r.readyState&&!1===r.seeking&&((t=r.currentTime)>this.lastCurrentTime&&(this.lastCurrentTime=t),n.BufferHelper.isBuffered(r,t)?e=this.getBufferedFrag(t):n.BufferHelper.isBuffered(r,t+.1)&&(e=this.getBufferedFrag(t+.1)),e)){var i=e;if(i!==this.fragPlaying){this.hls.trigger(s.default.FRAG_CHANGED,{frag:i});var a=i.level;this.fragPlaying&&this.fragPlaying.level===a||this.hls.trigger(s.default.LEVEL_SWITCHED,{level:a}),this.fragPlaying=i}}},r.prototype.immediateLevelSwitch=function(){if(p.logger.log("immediateLevelSwitch"),!this.immediateSwitch){this.immediateSwitch=!0;var t=this.media,r=void 0;t?(r=t.paused,t.pause()):r=!0,this.previouslyPaused=r}var i=this.fragCurrent;i&&i.loader&&i.loader.abort(),this.fragCurrent=null,this.flushMainBuffer(0,e.POSITIVE_INFINITY)},r.prototype.immediateLevelSwitchEnd=function(){var e=this.media;e&&e.buffered.length&&(this.immediateSwitch=!1,n.BufferHelper.isBuffered(e,e.currentTime)&&(e.currentTime-=1e-4),this.previouslyPaused||e.play())},r.prototype.nextLevelSwitch=function(){var t=this.media;if(t&&t.readyState){var r,i=void 0,a=void 0;if((r=this.getBufferedFrag(t.currentTime))&&r.startPTS>1&&this.flushMainBuffer(0,r.startPTS-1),t.paused)i=0;else{var n=this.hls.nextLoadLevel,o=this.levels[n],s=this.fragLastKbps;i=s&&this.fragCurrent?this.fragCurrent.duration*o.bitrate/(1e3*s)+1:0}if((a=this.getBufferedFrag(t.currentTime+i))&&(a=this.followingBufferedFrag(a))){var l=this.fragCurrent;l&&l.loader&&l.loader.abort(),this.fragCurrent=null,this.flushMainBuffer(a.maxStartPTS,e.POSITIVE_INFINITY)}}},r.prototype.flushMainBuffer=function(e,t){this.state=y.State.BUFFER_FLUSHING;var r={startOffset:e,endOffset:t};this.altAudio&&(r.type="video"),this.hls.trigger(s.default.BUFFER_FLUSHING,r)},r.prototype.onMediaAttached=function(e){var t=this.media=this.mediaBuffer=e.media;this.onvseeking=this.onMediaSeeking.bind(this),this.onvseeked=this.onMediaSeeked.bind(this),this.onvended=this.onMediaEnded.bind(this),t.addEventListener("seeking",this.onvseeking),t.addEventListener("seeked",this.onvseeked),t.addEventListener("ended",this.onvended);var r=this.config;this.levels&&r.autoStartLoad&&this.hls.startLoad(r.startPosition),this.gapController=new m.default(r,t,this.fragmentTracker,this.hls)},r.prototype.onMediaDetaching=function(){var e=this.media;e&&e.ended&&(p.logger.log("MSE detaching and video ended, reset startPosition"),this.startPosition=this.lastCurrentTime=0);var t=this.levels;t&&t.forEach(function(e){e.details&&e.details.fragments.forEach(function(e){e.backtracked=void 0})}),e&&(e.removeEventListener("seeking",this.onvseeking),e.removeEventListener("seeked",this.onvseeked),e.removeEventListener("ended",this.onvended),this.onvseeking=this.onvseeked=this.onvended=null),this.media=this.mediaBuffer=null,this.loadedmetadata=!1,this.stopLoad()},r.prototype.onMediaSeeked=function(){var t=this.media,r=t?t.currentTime:void 0;e.isFinite(r)&&p.logger.log("media seeked to "+r.toFixed(3)),this.tick()},r.prototype.onManifestLoading=function(){p.logger.log("trigger BUFFER_RESET"),this.hls.trigger(s.default.BUFFER_RESET),this.fragmentTracker.removeAllFragments(),this.stalled=!1,this.startPosition=this.lastCurrentTime=0},r.prototype.onManifestParsed=function(e){var t,r=!1,i=!1;e.levels.forEach(function(e){(t=e.audioCodec)&&(-1!==t.indexOf("mp4a.40.2")&&(r=!0),-1!==t.indexOf("mp4a.40.5")&&(i=!0))}),this.audioCodecSwitch=r&&i,this.audioCodecSwitch&&p.logger.log("both AAC/HE-AAC audio found in levels; declaring level codec as HE-AAC"),this.levels=e.levels,this.startFragRequested=!1;var a=this.config;(a.autoStartLoad||this.forceStartLoad)&&this.hls.startLoad(a.startPosition)},r.prototype.onLevelLoaded=function(t){var r=t.details,i=t.level,a=this.levels[this.levelLastLoaded],n=this.levels[i],o=r.totalduration,l=0;if(p.logger.log("level "+i+" loaded ["+r.startSN+","+r.endSN+"],duration:"+o),r.live){var u=n.details;u&&r.fragments.length>0?(f.mergeDetails(u,r),l=r.fragments[0].start,this.liveSyncPosition=this.computeLivePosition(l,u),r.PTSKnown&&e.isFinite(l)?p.logger.log("live playlist sliding:"+l.toFixed(3)):(p.logger.log("live playlist - outdated PTS, unknown sliding"),g.alignStream(this.fragPrevious,a,r))):(p.logger.log("live playlist - first load, unknown sliding"),r.PTSKnown=!1,g.alignStream(this.fragPrevious,a,r))}else r.PTSKnown=!1;if(n.details=r,this.levelLastLoaded=i,this.hls.trigger(s.default.LEVEL_UPDATED,{details:r,level:i}),!1===this.startFragRequested){if(-1===this.startPosition||-1===this.lastCurrentTime){var d=r.startTimeOffset;e.isFinite(d)?(d<0&&(p.logger.log("negative start time offset "+d+", count from end of last fragment"),d=l+o+d),p.logger.log("start time offset found in playlist, adjust startPosition to "+d),this.startPosition=d):r.live?(this.startPosition=this.computeLivePosition(l,r),p.logger.log("configure startPosition to "+this.startPosition)):this.startPosition=0,this.lastCurrentTime=this.startPosition}this.nextLoadPosition=this.startPosition}this.state===y.State.WAITING_LEVEL&&(this.state=y.State.IDLE),this.tick()},r.prototype.onKeyLoaded=function(){this.state===y.State.KEY_LOADING&&(this.state=y.State.IDLE,this.tick())},r.prototype.onFragLoaded=function(e){var t=this.fragCurrent,r=this.hls,i=this.levels,a=this.media,n=e.frag;if(this.state===y.State.FRAG_LOADING&&t&&"main"===n.type&&n.level===t.level&&n.sn===t.sn){var l=e.stats,u=i[t.level],d=u.details;if(this.bitrateTest=!1,this.stats=l,p.logger.log("Loaded "+t.sn+" of ["+d.startSN+" ,"+d.endSN+"],level "+t.level),n.bitrateTest&&r.nextLoadLevel)this.state=y.State.IDLE,this.startFragRequested=!1,l.tparsed=l.tbuffered=window.performance.now(),r.trigger(s.default.FRAG_BUFFERED,{stats:l,frag:t,id:"main"}),this.tick();else if("initSegment"===n.sn)this.state=y.State.IDLE,l.tparsed=l.tbuffered=window.performance.now(),d.initSegment.data=e.payload,r.trigger(s.default.FRAG_BUFFERED,{stats:l,frag:t,id:"main"}),this.tick();else{p.logger.log("Parsing "+t.sn+" of ["+d.startSN+" ,"+d.endSN+"],level "+t.level+", cc "+t.cc),this.state=y.State.PARSING,this.pendingBuffering=!0,this.appended=!1,n.bitrateTest&&(n.bitrateTest=!1,this.fragmentTracker.onFragLoaded({frag:n}));var f=!(a&&a.seeking)&&(d.PTSKnown||!d.live),c=d.initSegment?d.initSegment.data:[],h=this._getAudioCodec(u);(this.demuxer=this.demuxer||new o.default(this.hls,"main")).push(e.payload,c,h,u.videoCodec,t,d.totalduration,f)}}this.fragLoadError=0},r.prototype.onFragParsingInitSegment=function(e){var t=this.fragCurrent,r=e.frag;if(t&&"main"===e.id&&r.sn===t.sn&&r.level===t.level&&this.state===y.State.PARSING){var i=e.tracks,a=void 0,n=void 0;if(i.audio&&this.altAudio&&delete i.audio,n=i.audio){var o=this.levels[this.level].audioCodec,l=navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase();o&&this.audioCodecSwap&&(p.logger.log("swapping playlist audio codec"),o=-1!==o.indexOf("mp4a.40.5")?"mp4a.40.2":"mp4a.40.5"),this.audioCodecSwitch&&1!==n.metadata.channelCount&&-1===l.indexOf("firefox")&&(o="mp4a.40.5"),-1!==l.indexOf("android")&&"audio/mpeg"!==n.container&&(o="mp4a.40.2",p.logger.log("Android: force audio codec to "+o)),n.levelCodec=o,n.id=e.id}for(a in(n=i.video)&&(n.levelCodec=this.levels[this.level].videoCodec,n.id=e.id),this.hls.trigger(s.default.BUFFER_CODECS,i),i){n=i[a],p.logger.log("main track:"+a+",container:"+n.container+",codecs[level/parsed]=["+n.levelCodec+"/"+n.codec+"]");var u=n.initSegment;u&&(this.appended=!0,this.pendingBuffering=!0,this.hls.trigger(s.default.BUFFER_APPENDING,{type:a,data:u,parent:"main",content:"initSegment"}))}this.tick()}},r.prototype.onFragParsingData=function(t){var r=this,i=this.fragCurrent,a=t.frag;if(i&&"main"===t.id&&a.sn===i.sn&&a.level===i.level&&("audio"!==t.type||!this.altAudio)&&this.state===y.State.PARSING){var n=this.levels[this.level],o=i;if(e.isFinite(t.endPTS)||(t.endPTS=t.startPTS+i.duration,t.endDTS=t.startDTS+i.duration),!0===t.hasAudio&&o.addElementaryStream(u.default.ElementaryStreamTypes.AUDIO),!0===t.hasVideo&&o.addElementaryStream(u.default.ElementaryStreamTypes.VIDEO),p.logger.log("Parsed "+t.type+",PTS:["+t.startPTS.toFixed(3)+","+t.endPTS.toFixed(3)+"],DTS:["+t.startDTS.toFixed(3)+"/"+t.endDTS.toFixed(3)+"],nb:"+t.nb+",dropped:"+(t.dropped||0)),"video"===t.type)if(o.dropped=t.dropped,o.dropped)if(o.backtracked)p.logger.warn("Already backtracked on this fragment, appending with the gap",o.sn);else{var l=n.details;if(!l||o.sn!==l.startSN)return p.logger.warn("missing video frame(s), backtracking fragment",o.sn),this.fragmentTracker.removeFragment(o),o.backtracked=!0,this.nextLoadPosition=t.startPTS,this.state=y.State.IDLE,this.fragPrevious=o,void this.tick();p.logger.warn("missing video frame(s) on first frag, appending with gap",o.sn)}else o.backtracked=!1;var d=f.updateFragPTSDTS(n.details,o,t.startPTS,t.endPTS,t.startDTS,t.endDTS),c=this.hls;c.trigger(s.default.LEVEL_PTS_UPDATED,{details:n.details,level:this.level,drift:d,type:t.type,start:t.startPTS,end:t.endPTS}),[t.data1,t.data2].forEach(function(e){e&&e.length&&r.state===y.State.PARSING&&(r.appended=!0,r.pendingBuffering=!0,c.trigger(s.default.BUFFER_APPENDING,{type:t.type,data:e,parent:"main",content:"data"}))}),this.tick()}},r.prototype.onFragParsed=function(e){var t=this.fragCurrent,r=e.frag;t&&"main"===e.id&&r.sn===t.sn&&r.level===t.level&&this.state===y.State.PARSING&&(this.stats.tparsed=window.performance.now(),this.state=y.State.PARSED,this._checkAppendedParsed())},r.prototype.onAudioTrackSwitching=function(t){var r=!!t.url,i=t.id;if(!r){if(this.mediaBuffer!==this.media){p.logger.log("switching on main audio, use media.buffered to schedule main fragment loading"),this.mediaBuffer=this.media;var a=this.fragCurrent;a.loader&&(p.logger.log("switching to main audio track, cancel main fragment load"),a.loader.abort()),this.fragCurrent=null,this.fragPrevious=null,this.demuxer&&(this.demuxer.destroy(),this.demuxer=null),this.state=y.State.IDLE}var n=this.hls;n.trigger(s.default.BUFFER_FLUSHING,{startOffset:0,endOffset:e.POSITIVE_INFINITY,type:"audio"}),n.trigger(s.default.AUDIO_TRACK_SWITCHED,{id:i}),this.altAudio=!1}},r.prototype.onAudioTrackSwitched=function(e){var t=e.id,r=!!this.hls.audioTracks[t].url;if(r){var i=this.videoBuffer;i&&this.mediaBuffer!==i&&(p.logger.log("switching on alternate audio, use video.buffered to schedule main fragment loading"),this.mediaBuffer=i)}this.altAudio=r,this.tick()},r.prototype.onBufferCreated=function(e){var t,r,i=e.tracks,a=!1;for(var n in i){var o=i[n];"main"===o.id?(r=n,t=o,"video"===n&&(this.videoBuffer=i[n].buffer)):a=!0}a&&t?(p.logger.log("alternate track found, use "+r+".buffered to schedule main fragment loading"),this.mediaBuffer=t.buffer):this.mediaBuffer=this.media},r.prototype.onBufferAppended=function(e){if("main"===e.parent){var t=this.state;t!==y.State.PARSING&&t!==y.State.PARSED||(this.pendingBuffering=e.pending>0,this._checkAppendedParsed())}},r.prototype._checkAppendedParsed=function(){if(!(this.state!==y.State.PARSED||this.appended&&this.pendingBuffering)){var e=this.fragCurrent;if(e){var t=this.mediaBuffer?this.mediaBuffer:this.media;p.logger.log("main buffered : "+c.default.toString(t.buffered)),this.fragPrevious=e;var r=this.stats;r.tbuffered=window.performance.now(),this.fragLastKbps=Math.round(8*r.total/(r.tbuffered-r.tfirst)),this.hls.trigger(s.default.FRAG_BUFFERED,{stats:r,frag:e,id:"main"}),this.state=y.State.IDLE}this.tick()}},r.prototype.onError=function(t){var r=t.frag||this.fragCurrent;if(!r||"main"===r.type){var i=!!this.media&&n.BufferHelper.isBuffered(this.media,this.media.currentTime)&&n.BufferHelper.isBuffered(this.media,this.media.currentTime+.5);switch(t.details){case h.ErrorDetails.FRAG_LOAD_ERROR:case h.ErrorDetails.FRAG_LOAD_TIMEOUT:case h.ErrorDetails.KEY_LOAD_ERROR:case h.ErrorDetails.KEY_LOAD_TIMEOUT:if(!t.fatal)if(this.fragLoadError+1<=this.config.fragLoadingMaxRetry){var a=Math.min(Math.pow(2,this.fragLoadError)*this.config.fragLoadingRetryDelay,this.config.fragLoadingMaxRetryTimeout);p.logger.warn("mediaController: frag loading failed, retry in "+a+" ms"),this.retryDate=window.performance.now()+a,this.loadedmetadata||(this.startFragRequested=!1,this.nextLoadPosition=this.startPosition),this.fragLoadError++,this.state=y.State.FRAG_LOADING_WAITING_RETRY}else p.logger.error("mediaController: "+t.details+" reaches max retry, redispatch as fatal ..."),t.fatal=!0,this.state=y.State.ERROR;break;case h.ErrorDetails.LEVEL_LOAD_ERROR:case h.ErrorDetails.LEVEL_LOAD_TIMEOUT:this.state!==y.State.ERROR&&(t.fatal?(this.state=y.State.ERROR,p.logger.warn("streamController: "+t.details+",switch to "+this.state+" state ...")):t.levelRetry||this.state!==y.State.WAITING_LEVEL||(this.state=y.State.IDLE));break;case h.ErrorDetails.BUFFER_FULL_ERROR:"main"!==t.parent||this.state!==y.State.PARSING&&this.state!==y.State.PARSED||(i?(this._reduceMaxBufferLength(this.config.maxBufferLength),this.state=y.State.IDLE):(p.logger.warn("buffer full error also media.currentTime is not buffered, flush everything"),this.fragCurrent=null,this.flushMainBuffer(0,e.POSITIVE_INFINITY)))}}},r.prototype._reduceMaxBufferLength=function(e){var t=this.config;return t.maxMaxBufferLength>=e&&(t.maxMaxBufferLength/=2,p.logger.warn("main:reduce max buffer length to "+t.maxMaxBufferLength+"s"),!0)},r.prototype._checkBuffer=function(){var e=this.media;if(e&&0!==e.readyState){var t=(this.mediaBuffer?this.mediaBuffer:e).buffered;!this.loadedmetadata&&t.length?(this.loadedmetadata=!0,this._seekToStartPos()):this.immediateSwitch?this.immediateLevelSwitchEnd():this.gapController.poll(this.lastCurrentTime,t)}},r.prototype.onFragLoadEmergencyAborted=function(){this.state=y.State.IDLE,this.loadedmetadata||(this.startFragRequested=!1,this.nextLoadPosition=this.startPosition),this.tick()},r.prototype.onBufferFlushed=function(){var e=this.mediaBuffer?this.mediaBuffer:this.media;e&&this.fragmentTracker.detectEvictedFragments(u.default.ElementaryStreamTypes.VIDEO,e.buffered),this.state=y.State.IDLE,this.fragPrevious=null},r.prototype.swapAudioCodec=function(){this.audioCodecSwap=!this.audioCodecSwap},r.prototype.computeLivePosition=function(e,t){var r=void 0!==this.config.liveSyncDuration?this.config.liveSyncDuration:this.config.liveSyncDurationCount*t.targetduration;return e+Math.max(0,t.totalduration-r)},r.prototype._seekToStartPos=function(){var e=this.media,t=e.currentTime,r=e.seeking?t:this.startPosition;t!==r&&(p.logger.log("target start position not buffered, seek to buffered.start(0) "+r+" from current time "+t+" "),e.currentTime=r)},r.prototype._getAudioCodec=function(e){var t=this.config.defaultAudioCodec||e.audioCodec;return this.audioCodecSwap&&(p.logger.log("swapping playlist audio codec"),t&&(t=-1!==t.indexOf("mp4a.40.5")?"mp4a.40.2":"mp4a.40.5")),t},Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"liveSyncPosition",{get:function(){return this._liveSyncPosition},set:function(e){this._liveSyncPosition=e},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),r}(y.default);t.default=_}).call(this,r(2).Number)},function(e,t,r){"use strict";(function(e){Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(32),a=r(1),n=r(18),o=r(0),s=r(3),l=r(12),u=r(6),d=r(22),f=u.getSelfScope(),c=l.getMediaSource(),h=function(){function t(e,t){var r=this;this.hls=e,this.id=t;var l=this.observer=new d.Observer,u=e.config,h=function(t,i){(i=i||{}).frag=r.frag,i.id=r.id,e.trigger(t,i)};l.on(a.default.FRAG_DECRYPTED,h),l.on(a.default.FRAG_PARSING_INIT_SEGMENT,h),l.on(a.default.FRAG_PARSING_DATA,h),l.on(a.default.FRAG_PARSED,h),l.on(a.default.ERROR,h),l.on(a.default.FRAG_PARSING_METADATA,h),l.on(a.default.FRAG_PARSING_USERDATA,h),l.on(a.default.INIT_PTS_FOUND,h);var p={mp4:c.isTypeSupported("video/mp4"),mpeg:c.isTypeSupported("audio/mpeg"),mp3:c.isTypeSupported('audio/mp4; codecs="mp3"')},g=navigator.vendor;if(u.enableWorker&&"undefined"!=typeof Worker){o.logger.log("demuxing in webworker");var v=void 0;try{v=this.w=i(46),this.onwmsg=this.onWorkerMessage.bind(this),v.addEventListener("message",this.onwmsg),v.onerror=function(t){e.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:s.ErrorTypes.OTHER_ERROR,details:s.ErrorDetails.INTERNAL_EXCEPTION,fatal:!0,event:"demuxerWorker",err:{message:t.message+" 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e.prototype.expandKey=function(){return this.subtle.importKey("raw",this.key,{name:"AES-CBC"},!1,["encrypt","decrypt"])},e}();t.default=i},function(e,t,r){"use strict";function i(e){var t=e.byteLength,r=t&&new DataView(e).getUint8(t-1);return r?e.slice(0,t-r):e}Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0}),t.removePadding=i;var a=function(){function e(){this.rcon=[0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,27,54],this.subMix=[new Uint32Array(256),new Uint32Array(256),new Uint32Array(256),new Uint32Array(256)],this.invSubMix=[new Uint32Array(256),new Uint32Array(256),new Uint32Array(256),new Uint32Array(256)],this.sBox=new Uint32Array(256),this.invSBox=new Uint32Array(256),this.key=new Uint32Array(0),this.initTable()}return e.prototype.uint8ArrayToUint32Array_=function(e){for(var t=new DataView(e),r=new Uint32Array(4),i=0;i<4;i++)r[i]=t.getUint32(4*i);return r},e.prototype.initTable=function(){var e=this.sBox,t=this.invSBox,r=this.subMix,i=r[0],a=r[1],n=r[2],o=r[3],s=this.invSubMix,l=s[0],u=s[1],d=s[2],f=s[3],c=new Uint32Array(256),h=0,p=0,g=0;for(g=0;g<256;g++)c[g]=g<128?g<<1:g<<1^283;for(g=0;g<256;g++){var v=p^p<<1^p<<2^p<<3^p<<4;v=v>>>8^255&v^99,e[h]=v,t[v]=h;var m=c[h],y=c[m],_=c[y],E=257*c[v]^16843008*v;i[h]=E<<24|E>>>8,a[h]=E<<16|E>>>16,n[h]=E<<8|E>>>24,o[h]=E,E=16843009*_^65537*y^257*m^16843008*h,l[v]=E<<24|E>>>8,u[v]=E<<16|E>>>16,d[v]=E<<8|E>>>24,f[v]=E,h?(h=m^c[c[c[_^m]]],p^=c[c[p]]):h=p=1}},e.prototype.expandKey=function(e){for(var t=this.uint8ArrayToUint32Array_(e),r=!0,i=0;i<t.length&&r;)r=t[i]===this.key[i],i++;if(!r){this.key=t;var a=this.keySize=t.length;if(4!==a&&6!==a&&8!==a)throw new Error("Invalid aes key size="+a);var n,o,s,l,u=this.ksRows=4*(a+6+1),d=this.keySchedule=new Uint32Array(u),f=this.invKeySchedule=new Uint32Array(u),c=this.sBox,h=this.rcon,p=this.invSubMix,g=p[0],v=p[1],m=p[2],y=p[3];for(n=0;n<u;n++)n<a?s=d[n]=t[n]:(l=s,n%a==0?(l=c[(l=l<<8|l>>>24)>>>24]<<24|c[l>>>16&255]<<16|c[l>>>8&255]<<8|c[255&l],l^=h[n/a|0]<<24):a>6&&n%a==4&&(l=c[l>>>24]<<24|c[l>>>16&255]<<16|c[l>>>8&255]<<8|c[255&l]),d[n]=s=(d[n-a]^l)>>>0);for(o=0;o<u;o++)n=u-o,l=3&o?d[n]:d[n-4],f[o]=o<4||n<=4?l:g[c[l>>>24]]^v[c[l>>>16&255]]^m[c[l>>>8&255]]^y[c[255&l]],f[o]=f[o]>>>0}},e.prototype.networkToHostOrderSwap=function(e){return e<<24|(65280&e)<<8|(16711680&e)>>8|e>>>24},e.prototype.decrypt=function(e,t,r,a){for(var n,o,s,l,u,d,f,c,h,p,g,v,m,y,_=this.keySize+6,E=this.invKeySchedule,b=this.invSBox,S=this.invSubMix,T=S[0],A=S[1],R=S[2],L=S[3],D=this.uint8ArrayToUint32Array_(r),O=D[0],w=D[1],P=D[2],I=D[3],x=new Int32Array(e),F=new Int32Array(x.length),k=this.networkToHostOrderSwap;t<x.length;){for(h=k(x[t]),p=k(x[t+1]),g=k(x[t+2]),v=k(x[t+3]),u=h^E[0],d=v^E[1],f=g^E[2],c=p^E[3],m=4,y=1;y<_;y++)n=T[u>>>24]^A[d>>16&255]^R[f>>8&255]^L[255&c]^E[m],o=T[d>>>24]^A[f>>16&255]^R[c>>8&255]^L[255&u]^E[m+1],s=T[f>>>24]^A[c>>16&255]^R[u>>8&255]^L[255&d]^E[m+2],l=T[c>>>24]^A[u>>16&255]^R[d>>8&255]^L[255&f]^E[m+3],u=n,d=o,f=s,c=l,m+=4;n=b[u>>>24]<<24^b[d>>16&255]<<16^b[f>>8&255]<<8^b[255&c]^E[m],o=b[d>>>24]<<24^b[f>>16&255]<<16^b[c>>8&255]<<8^b[255&u]^E[m+1],s=b[f>>>24]<<24^b[c>>16&255]<<16^b[u>>8&255]<<8^b[255&d]^E[m+2],l=b[c>>>24]<<24^b[u>>16&255]<<16^b[d>>8&255]<<8^b[255&f]^E[m+3],m+=3,F[t]=k(n^O),F[t+1]=k(l^w),F[t+2]=k(s^P),F[t+3]=k(o^I),O=h,w=p,P=g,I=v,t+=4}return a?i(F.buffer):F.buffer},e.prototype.destroy=function(){this.key=void 0,this.keySize=void 0,this.ksRows=void 0,this.sBox=void 0,this.invSBox=void 0,this.subMix=void 0,this.invSubMix=void 0,this.keySchedule=void 0,this.invKeySchedule=void 0,this.rcon=void 0},e}();t.default=a},function(e,t,r){"use strict";(function(e){Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(20),a=r(0),n=r(11),o=function(){function t(e,t,r){this.observer=e,this.config=r,this.remuxer=t}return t.prototype.resetInitSegment=function(e,t,r,i){this._audioTrack={container:"audio/adts",type:"audio",id:0,sequenceNumber:0,isAAC:!0,samples:[],len:0,manifestCodec:t,duration:i,inputTimeScale:9e4}},t.prototype.resetTimeStamp=function(){},t.probe=function(e){if(!e)return!1;for(var t=(n.default.getID3Data(e,0)||[]).length,r=e.length;t<r;t++)if(i.probe(e,t))return a.logger.log("ADTS sync word found !"),!0;return!1},t.prototype.append=function(t,r,o,s){for(var l=this._audioTrack,u=n.default.getID3Data(t,0)||[],d=n.default.getTimeStamp(u),f=e.isFinite(d)?90*d:9e4*r,c=0,h=f,p=t.length,g=u.length,v=[{pts:h,dts:h,data:u}];g<p-1;)if(i.isHeader(t,g)&&g+5<p){i.initTrackConfig(l,this.observer,t,g,l.manifestCodec);var m=i.appendFrame(l,t,g,f,c);if(!m){a.logger.log("Unable to parse AAC frame");break}g+=m.length,h=m.sample.pts,c++}else n.default.isHeader(t,g)?(u=n.default.getID3Data(t,g),v.push({pts:h,dts:h,data:u}),g+=u.length):g++;this.remuxer.remux(l,{samples:[]},{samples:v,inputTimeScale:9e4},{samples:[]},r,o,s)},t.prototype.destroy=function(){},t}();t.default=o}).call(this,r(2).Number)},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(20),a=r(21),n=r(1),o=r(38),s=r(39),l=r(0),u=r(3),d={video:1,audio:2,id3:3,text:4},f=function(){function e(e,t,r,i){this.observer=e,this.config=r,this.typeSupported=i,this.remuxer=t,this.sampleAes=null}return e.prototype.setDecryptData=function(e){null!=e&&null!=e.key&&"SAMPLE-AES"===e.method?this.sampleAes=new s.default(this.observer,this.config,e,this.discardEPB):this.sampleAes=null},e.probe=function(t){var r=e._syncOffset(t);return!(r<0)&&(r&&l.logger.warn("MPEG2-TS detected but first sync word found @ offset "+r+", junk ahead ?"),!0)},e._syncOffset=function(e){for(var t=Math.min(1e3,e.length-564),r=0;r<t;){if(71===e[r]&&71===e[r+188]&&71===e[r+376])return r;r++}return-1},e.createTrack=function(e,t){return{container:"video"===e||"audio"===e?"video/mp2t":void 0,type:e,id:d[e],pid:-1,inputTimeScale:9e4,sequenceNumber:0,samples:[],len:0,dropped:"video"===e?0:void 0,isAAC:"audio"===e||void 0,duration:"audio"===e?t:void 0}},e.prototype.resetInitSegment=function(t,r,i,a){this.pmtParsed=!1,this._pmtId=-1,this._avcTrack=e.createTrack("video",a),this._audioTrack=e.createTrack("audio",a),this._id3Track=e.createTrack("id3",a),this._txtTrack=e.createTrack("text",a),this.aacOverFlow=null,this.aacLastPTS=null,this.avcSample=null,this.audioCodec=r,this.videoCodec=i,this._duration=a},e.prototype.resetTimeStamp=function(){},e.prototype.append=function(t,r,i,a){var o,s,d,f,c,h=t.length,p=!1;this.contiguous=i;var g=this.pmtParsed,v=this._avcTrack,m=this._audioTrack,y=this._id3Track,_=v.pid,E=m.pid,b=y.pid,S=this._pmtId,T=v.pesData,A=m.pesData,R=y.pesData,L=this._parsePAT,D=this._parsePMT,O=this._parsePES,w=this._parseAVCPES.bind(this),P=this._parseAACPES.bind(this),I=this._parseMPEGPES.bind(this),x=this._parseID3PES.bind(this),F=e._syncOffset(t);for(h-=(h+F)%188,o=F;o<h;o+=188)if(71===t[o]){if(s=!!(64&t[o+1]),d=((31&t[o+1])<<8)+t[o+2],(48&t[o+3])>>4>1){if((f=o+5+t[o+4])===o+188)continue}else f=o+4;switch(d){case _:s&&(T&&(c=O(T))&&void 0!==c.pts&&w(c,!1),T={data:[],size:0}),T&&(T.data.push(t.subarray(f,o+188)),T.size+=o+188-f);break;case E:s&&(A&&(c=O(A))&&void 0!==c.pts&&(m.isAAC?P(c):I(c)),A={data:[],size:0}),A&&(A.data.push(t.subarray(f,o+188)),A.size+=o+188-f);break;case b:s&&(R&&(c=O(R))&&void 0!==c.pts&&x(c),R={data:[],size:0}),R&&(R.data.push(t.subarray(f,o+188)),R.size+=o+188-f);break;case 0:s&&(f+=t[f]+1),S=this._pmtId=L(t,f);break;case S:s&&(f+=t[f]+1);var k=D(t,f,!0===this.typeSupported.mpeg||!0===this.typeSupported.mp3,null!=this.sampleAes);(_=k.avc)>0&&(v.pid=_),(E=k.audio)>0&&(m.pid=E,m.isAAC=k.isAAC),(b=k.id3)>0&&(y.pid=b),p&&!g&&(l.logger.log("reparse from beginning"),p=!1,o=F-188),g=this.pmtParsed=!0;break;case 17:case 8191:break;default:p=!0}}else this.observer.trigger(n.default.ERROR,{type:u.ErrorTypes.MEDIA_ERROR,details:u.ErrorDetails.FRAG_PARSING_ERROR,fatal:!1,reason:"TS packet did not start with 0x47"});T&&(c=O(T))&&void 0!==c.pts?(w(c,!0),v.pesData=null):v.pesData=T,A&&(c=O(A))&&void 0!==c.pts?(m.isAAC?P(c):I(c),m.pesData=null):(A&&A.size&&l.logger.log("last AAC PES packet truncated,might overlap between fragments"),m.pesData=A),R&&(c=O(R))&&void 0!==c.pts?(x(c),y.pesData=null):y.pesData=R,null==this.sampleAes?this.remuxer.remux(m,v,y,this._txtTrack,r,i,a):this.decryptAndRemux(m,v,y,this._txtTrack,r,i,a)},e.prototype.decryptAndRemux=function(e,t,r,i,a,n,o){if(e.samples&&e.isAAC){var s=this;this.sampleAes.decryptAacSamples(e.samples,0,function(){s.decryptAndRemuxAvc(e,t,r,i,a,n,o)})}else this.decryptAndRemuxAvc(e,t,r,i,a,n,o)},e.prototype.decryptAndRemuxAvc=function(e,t,r,i,a,n,o){if(t.samples){var s=this;this.sampleAes.decryptAvcSamples(t.samples,0,0,function(){s.remuxer.remux(e,t,r,i,a,n,o)})}else this.remuxer.remux(e,t,r,i,a,n,o)},e.prototype.destroy=function(){this._initPTS=this._initDTS=void 0,this._duration=0},e.prototype._parsePAT=function(e,t){return(31&e[t+10])<<8|e[t+11]},e.prototype._parsePMT=function(e,t,r,i){var a,n,o={audio:-1,avc:-1,id3:-1,isAAC:!0};for(a=t+3+((15&e[t+1])<<8|e[t+2])-4,t+=12+((15&e[t+10])<<8|e[t+11]);t<a;){switch(n=(31&e[t+1])<<8|e[t+2],e[t]){case 207:if(!i){l.logger.log("unkown stream type:"+e[t]);break}case 15:-1===o.audio&&(o.audio=n);break;case 21:-1===o.id3&&(o.id3=n);break;case 219:if(!i){l.logger.log("unkown stream type:"+e[t]);break}case 27:-1===o.avc&&(o.avc=n);break;case 3:case 4:r?-1===o.audio&&(o.audio=n,o.isAAC=!1):l.logger.log("MPEG audio found, not supported in this browser for now");break;case 36:l.logger.warn("HEVC stream type found, not supported for now");break;default:l.logger.log("unkown stream type:"+e[t])}t+=5+((15&e[t+3])<<8|e[t+4])}return o},e.prototype._parsePES=function(e){var t,r,i,a,n,o,s,u,d=0,f=e.data;if(!e||0===e.size)return null;for(;f[0].length<19&&f.length>1;){var c=new Uint8Array(f[0].length+f[1].length);c.set(f[0]),c.set(f[1],f[0].length),f[0]=c,f.splice(1,1)}if(1===((t=f[0])[0]<<16)+(t[1]<<8)+t[2]){if((i=(t[4]<<8)+t[5])&&i>e.size-6)return null;192&(r=t[7])&&((o=536870912*(14&t[9])+4194304*(255&t[10])+16384*(254&t[11])+128*(255&t[12])+(254&t[13])/2)>4294967295&&(o-=8589934592),64&r?((s=536870912*(14&t[14])+4194304*(255&t[15])+16384*(254&t[16])+128*(255&t[17])+(254&t[18])/2)>4294967295&&(s-=8589934592),o-s>54e5&&(l.logger.warn(Math.round((o-s)/9e4)+"s delta between PTS and DTS, align them"),o=s)):s=o),u=(a=t[8])+9,e.size-=u,n=new Uint8Array(e.size);for(var h=0,p=f.length;h<p;h++){var g=(t=f[h]).byteLength;if(u){if(u>g){u-=g;continue}t=t.subarray(u),g-=u,u=0}n.set(t,d),d+=g}return i&&(i-=a+3),{data:n,pts:o,dts:s,len:i}}return null},e.prototype.pushAccesUnit=function(e,t){if(e.units.length&&e.frame){var r=t.samples,i=r.length;!this.config.forceKeyFrameOnDiscontinuity||!0===e.key||t.sps&&(i||this.contiguous)?(e.id=i,r.push(e)):t.dropped++}e.debug.length&&l.logger.log(e.pts+"/"+e.dts+":"+e.debug)},e.prototype._parseAVCPES=function(e,t){var r,i,a,n=this,s=this._avcTrack,l=this._parseAVCNALu(e.data),u=this.avcSample,d=!1,f=this.pushAccesUnit.bind(this),c=function(e,t,r,i){return{key:e,pts:t,dts:r,units:[],debug:i}};e.data=null,u&&l.length&&!s.audFound&&(f(u,s),u=this.avcSample=c(!1,e.pts,e.dts,"")),l.forEach(function(t){switch(t.type){case 1:i=!0,u||(u=n.avcSample=c(!0,e.pts,e.dts,"")),u.frame=!0;var l=t.data;if(d&&l.length>4){var h=new o.default(l).readSliceType();2!==h&&4!==h&&7!==h&&9!==h||(u.key=!0)}break;case 5:i=!0,u||(u=n.avcSample=c(!0,e.pts,e.dts,"")),u.key=!0,u.frame=!0;break;case 6:i=!0,(r=new o.default(n.discardEPB(t.data))).readUByte();for(var p=0,g=0,v=!1,m=0;!v&&r.bytesAvailable>1;){p=0;do{p+=m=r.readUByte()}while(255===m);g=0;do{g+=m=r.readUByte()}while(255===m);if(4===p&&0!==r.bytesAvailable){if(v=!0,181===r.readUByte())if(49===r.readUShort())if(1195456820===r.readUInt())if(3===r.readUByte()){var y=r.readUByte(),_=31&y,E=[y,r.readUByte()];for(a=0;a<_;a++)E.push(r.readUByte()),E.push(r.readUByte()),E.push(r.readUByte());n._insertSampleInOrder(n._txtTrack.samples,{type:3,pts:e.pts,bytes:E})}}else if(g<r.bytesAvailable)for(a=0;a<g;a++)r.readUByte()}break;case 7:if(i=!0,d=!0,!s.sps){var b=(r=new o.default(t.data)).readSPS();s.width=b.width,s.height=b.height,s.pixelRatio=b.pixelRatio,s.sps=[t.data],s.duration=n._duration;var S=t.data.subarray(1,4),T="avc1.";for(a=0;a<3;a++){var A=S[a].toString(16);A.length<2&&(A="0"+A),T+=A}s.codec=T}break;case 8:i=!0,s.pps||(s.pps=[t.data]);break;case 9:i=!1,s.audFound=!0,u&&f(u,s),u=n.avcSample=c(!1,e.pts,e.dts,"");break;case 12:i=!1;break;default:i=!1,u&&(u.debug+="unknown NAL "+t.type+" ")}u&&i&&u.units.push(t)}),t&&u&&(f(u,s),this.avcSample=null)},e.prototype._insertSampleInOrder=function(e,t){var r=e.length;if(r>0){if(t.pts>=e[r-1].pts)e.push(t);else for(var i=r-1;i>=0;i--)if(t.pts<e[i].pts){e.splice(i,0,t);break}}else e.push(t)},e.prototype._getLastNalUnit=function(){var e,t=this.avcSample;if(!t||0===t.units.length){var r=this._avcTrack.samples;t=r[r.length-1]}if(t){var i=t.units;e=i[i.length-1]}return e},e.prototype._parseAVCNALu=function(e){var t,r,i,a,n=0,o=e.byteLength,s=this._avcTrack,l=s.naluState||0,u=l,d=[],f=-1;for(-1===l&&(f=0,a=31&e[0],l=0,n=1);n<o;)if(t=e[n++],l)if(1!==l)if(t)if(1===t){var c,h;if(f>=0)i={data:e.subarray(f,n-l-1),type:a},d.push(i);else if(c=this._getLastNalUnit())if(u&&n<=4-u&&c.state&&(c.data=c.data.subarray(0,c.data.byteLength-u)),(r=n-l-1)>0)(h=new Uint8Array(c.data.byteLength+r)).set(c.data,0),h.set(e.subarray(0,r),c.data.byteLength),c.data=h;n<o?(f=n,a=31&e[n],l=0):l=-1}else l=0;else l=3;else l=t?0:2;else l=t?0:1;(f>=0&&l>=0&&(i={data:e.subarray(f,o),type:a,state:l},d.push(i)),0===d.length)&&((c=this._getLastNalUnit())&&((h=new Uint8Array(c.data.byteLength+e.byteLength)).set(c.data,0),h.set(e,c.data.byteLength),c.data=h));return s.naluState=l,d},e.prototype.discardEPB=function(e){for(var t,r,i=e.byteLength,a=[],n=1;n<i-2;)0===e[n]&&0===e[n+1]&&3===e[n+2]?(a.push(n+2),n+=2):n++;if(0===a.length)return e;t=i-a.length,r=new Uint8Array(t);var o=0;for(n=0;n<t;o++,n++)o===a[0]&&(o++,a.shift()),r[n]=e[o];return r},e.prototype._parseAACPES=function(e){var t,r,a,o,s,d=this._audioTrack,f=e.data,c=e.pts,h=this.aacOverFlow,p=this.aacLastPTS;if(h){var g=new Uint8Array(h.byteLength+f.byteLength);g.set(h,0),g.set(f,h.byteLength),f=g}for(a=0,s=f.length;a<s-1&&!i.isHeader(f,a);a++);if(a){var v=void 0,m=void 0;if(a<s-1?(v="AAC PES did not start with ADTS header,offset:"+a,m=!1):(v="no ADTS header found in AAC PES",m=!0),l.logger.warn("parsing error:"+v),this.observer.trigger(n.default.ERROR,{type:u.ErrorTypes.MEDIA_ERROR,details:u.ErrorDetails.FRAG_PARSING_ERROR,fatal:m,reason:v}),m)return}if(i.initTrackConfig(d,this.observer,f,a,this.audioCodec),r=0,t=i.getFrameDuration(d.samplerate),h&&p){var y=p+t;Math.abs(y-c)>1&&(l.logger.log("AAC: align PTS for overlapping frames by "+Math.round((y-c)/90)),c=y)}for(;a<s;)if(i.isHeader(f,a)&&a+5<s){var _=i.appendFrame(d,f,a,c,r);if(!_)break;a+=_.length,o=_.sample.pts,r++}else a++;h=a<s?f.subarray(a,s):null,this.aacOverFlow=h,this.aacLastPTS=o},e.prototype._parseMPEGPES=function(e){for(var t=e.data,r=t.length,i=0,n=0,o=e.pts;n<r;)if(a.default.isHeader(t,n)){var s=a.default.appendFrame(this._audioTrack,t,n,o,i);if(!s)break;n+=s.length,i++}else n++},e.prototype._parseID3PES=function(e){this._id3Track.samples.push(e)},e}();t.default=f},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(0),a=function(){function e(e){this.data=e,this.bytesAvailable=e.byteLength,this.word=0,this.bitsAvailable=0}return e.prototype.loadWord=function(){var e=this.data,t=this.bytesAvailable,r=e.byteLength-t,i=new Uint8Array(4),a=Math.min(4,t);if(0===a)throw new Error("no bytes available");i.set(e.subarray(r,r+a)),this.word=new DataView(i.buffer).getUint32(0),this.bitsAvailable=8*a,this.bytesAvailable-=a},e.prototype.skipBits=function(e){var t;this.bitsAvailable>e?(this.word<<=e,this.bitsAvailable-=e):(e-=this.bitsAvailable,e-=(t=e>>3)>>3,this.bytesAvailable-=t,this.loadWord(),this.word<<=e,this.bitsAvailable-=e)},e.prototype.readBits=function(e){var t=Math.min(this.bitsAvailable,e),r=this.word>>>32-t;return e>32&&i.logger.error("Cannot read more than 32 bits at a time"),this.bitsAvailable-=t,this.bitsAvailable>0?this.word<<=t:this.bytesAvailable>0&&this.loadWord(),(t=e-t)>0&&this.bitsAvailable?r<<t|this.readBits(t):r},e.prototype.skipLZ=function(){var e;for(e=0;e<this.bitsAvailable;++e)if(0!=(this.word&2147483648>>>e))return this.word<<=e,this.bitsAvailable-=e,e;return this.loadWord(),e+this.skipLZ()},e.prototype.skipUEG=function(){this.skipBits(1+this.skipLZ())},e.prototype.skipEG=function(){this.skipBits(1+this.skipLZ())},e.prototype.readUEG=function(){var e=this.skipLZ();return this.readBits(e+1)-1},e.prototype.readEG=function(){var e=this.readUEG();return 1&e?1+e>>>1:-1*(e>>>1)},e.prototype.readBoolean=function(){return 1===this.readBits(1)},e.prototype.readUByte=function(){return this.readBits(8)},e.prototype.readUShort=function(){return this.readBits(16)},e.prototype.readUInt=function(){return this.readBits(32)},e.prototype.skipScalingList=function(e){var t,r=8,i=8;for(t=0;t<e;t++)0!==i&&(i=(r+this.readEG()+256)%256),r=0===i?r:i},e.prototype.readSPS=function(){var e,t,r,i,a,n,o,s=0,l=0,u=0,d=0,f=this.readUByte.bind(this),c=this.readBits.bind(this),h=this.readUEG.bind(this),p=this.readBoolean.bind(this),g=this.skipBits.bind(this),v=this.skipEG.bind(this),m=this.skipUEG.bind(this),y=this.skipScalingList.bind(this);if(f(),e=f(),c(5),g(3),f(),m(),100===e||110===e||122===e||244===e||44===e||83===e||86===e||118===e||128===e){var _=h();if(3===_&&g(1),m(),m(),g(1),p())for(n=3!==_?8:12,o=0;o<n;o++)p()&&y(o<6?16:64)}m();var E=h();if(0===E)h();else if(1===E)for(g(1),v(),v(),t=h(),o=0;o<t;o++)v();m(),g(1),r=h(),i=h(),0===(a=c(1))&&g(1),g(1),p()&&(s=h(),l=h(),u=h(),d=h());var b=[1,1];if(p()&&p())switch(f()){case 1:b=[1,1];break;case 2:b=[12,11];break;case 3:b=[10,11];break;case 4:b=[16,11];break;case 5:b=[40,33];break;case 6:b=[24,11];break;case 7:b=[20,11];break;case 8:b=[32,11];break;case 9:b=[80,33];break;case 10:b=[18,11];break;case 11:b=[15,11];break;case 12:b=[64,33];break;case 13:b=[160,99];break;case 14:b=[4,3];break;case 15:b=[3,2];break;case 16:b=[2,1];break;case 255:b=[f()<<8|f(),f()<<8|f()]}return{width:Math.ceil(16*(r+1)-2*s-2*l),height:(2-a)*(i+1)*16-(a?2:4)*(u+d),pixelRatio:b}},e.prototype.readSliceType=function(){return this.readUByte(),this.readUEG(),this.readUEG()},e}();t.default=a},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(19),a=function(){function e(e,t,r,a){this.decryptdata=r,this.discardEPB=a,this.decrypter=new i.default(e,t,{removePKCS7Padding:!1})}return e.prototype.decryptBuffer=function(e,t){this.decrypter.decrypt(e,this.decryptdata.key.buffer,this.decryptdata.iv.buffer,t)},e.prototype.decryptAacSample=function(e,t,r,i){var a=e[t].unit,n=a.subarray(16,a.length-a.length%16),o=n.buffer.slice(n.byteOffset,n.byteOffset+n.length),s=this;this.decryptBuffer(o,function(n){n=new Uint8Array(n),a.set(n,16),i||s.decryptAacSamples(e,t+1,r)})},e.prototype.decryptAacSamples=function(e,t,r){for(;;t++){if(t>=e.length)return void r();if(!(e[t].unit.length<32)){var i=this.decrypter.isSync();if(this.decryptAacSample(e,t,r,i),!i)return}}},e.prototype.getAvcEncryptedData=function(e){for(var t=16*Math.floor((e.length-48)/160)+16,r=new Int8Array(t),i=0,a=32;a<=e.length-16;a+=160,i+=16)r.set(e.subarray(a,a+16),i);return r},e.prototype.getAvcDecryptedUnit=function(e,t){t=new Uint8Array(t);for(var r=0,i=32;i<=e.length-16;i+=160,r+=16)e.set(t.subarray(r,r+16),i);return e},e.prototype.decryptAvcSample=function(e,t,r,i,a,n){var o=this.discardEPB(a.data),s=this.getAvcEncryptedData(o),l=this;this.decryptBuffer(s.buffer,function(s){a.data=l.getAvcDecryptedUnit(o,s),n||l.decryptAvcSamples(e,t,r+1,i)})},e.prototype.decryptAvcSamples=function(e,t,r,i){for(;;t++,r=0){if(t>=e.length)return void i();for(var a=e[t].units;!(r>=a.length);r++){var n=a[r];if(!(n.length<=48||1!==n.type&&5!==n.type)){var o=this.decrypter.isSync();if(this.decryptAvcSample(e,t,r,i,n,o),!o)return}}}},e}();t.default=a},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(11),a=r(0),n=r(21),o=function(){function e(e,t,r){this.observer=e,this.config=r,this.remuxer=t}return e.prototype.resetInitSegment=function(e,t,r,i){this._audioTrack={container:"audio/mpeg",type:"audio",id:-1,sequenceNumber:0,isAAC:!1,samples:[],len:0,manifestCodec:t,duration:i,inputTimeScale:9e4}},e.prototype.resetTimeStamp=function(){},e.probe=function(e){var t,r,o=i.default.getID3Data(e,0);if(o&&void 0!==i.default.getTimeStamp(o))for(t=o.length,r=Math.min(e.length-1,t+100);t<r;t++)if(n.default.probe(e,t))return a.logger.log("MPEG Audio sync word found !"),!0;return!1},e.prototype.append=function(e,t,r,a){for(var o=i.default.getID3Data(e,0),s=i.default.getTimeStamp(o),l=s?90*s:9e4*t,u=o.length,d=e.length,f=0,c=0,h=this._audioTrack,p=[{pts:l,dts:l,data:o}];u<d;)if(n.default.isHeader(e,u)){var g=n.default.appendFrame(h,e,u,l,f);if(!g)break;u+=g.length,c=g.sample.pts,f++}else i.default.isHeader(e,u)?(o=i.default.getID3Data(e,u),p.push({pts:c,dts:c,data:o}),u+=o.length):u++;this.remuxer.remux(h,{samples:[]},{samples:p,inputTimeScale:9e4},{samples:[]},t,r,a)},e.prototype.destroy=function(){},e}();t.default=o},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(42),a=r(43),n=r(1),o=r(3),s=r(0),l=function(){function e(e,t,r,i){this.observer=e,this.config=t,this.typeSupported=r;var a=navigator.userAgent;this.isSafari=i&&i.indexOf("Apple")>-1&&a&&!a.match("CriOS"),this.ISGenerated=!1}return e.prototype.destroy=function(){},e.prototype.resetTimeStamp=function(e){this._initPTS=this._initDTS=e},e.prototype.resetInitSegment=function(){this.ISGenerated=!1},e.prototype.remux=function(e,t,r,i,a,o,l){if(this.ISGenerated||this.generateIS(e,t,a),this.ISGenerated){var u=e.samples.length,d=t.samples.length,f=a,c=a;if(u&&d){var h=(e.samples[0].pts-t.samples[0].pts)/t.inputTimeScale;f+=Math.max(0,h),c+=Math.max(0,-h)}if(u){e.timescale||(s.logger.warn("regenerate InitSegment as audio detected"),this.generateIS(e,t,a));var p=this.remuxAudio(e,f,o,l);if(d){var g=void 0;p&&(g=p.endPTS-p.startPTS),t.timescale||(s.logger.warn("regenerate InitSegment as video detected"),this.generateIS(e,t,a)),this.remuxVideo(t,c,o,g,l)}}else if(d){var v=this.remuxVideo(t,c,o,0,l);v&&e.codec&&this.remuxEmptyAudio(e,f,o,v)}}r.samples.length&&this.remuxID3(r,a),i.samples.length&&this.remuxText(i,a),this.observer.trigger(n.default.FRAG_PARSED)},e.prototype.generateIS=function(e,t,r){var i,l,u=this.observer,d=e.samples,f=t.samples,c=this.typeSupported,h="audio/mp4",p={},g={tracks:p},v=void 0===this._initPTS;if(v&&(i=l=1/0),e.config&&d.length&&(e.timescale=e.samplerate,s.logger.log("audio sampling rate : "+e.samplerate),e.isAAC||(c.mpeg?(h="audio/mpeg",e.codec=""):c.mp3&&(e.codec="mp3")),p.audio={container:h,codec:e.codec,initSegment:!e.isAAC&&c.mpeg?new Uint8Array:a.default.initSegment([e]),metadata:{channelCount:e.channelCount}},v&&(i=l=d[0].pts-e.inputTimeScale*r)),t.sps&&t.pps&&f.length){var m=t.inputTimeScale;t.timescale=m,p.video={container:"video/mp4",codec:t.codec,initSegment:a.default.initSegment([t]),metadata:{width:t.width,height:t.height}},v&&(i=Math.min(i,f[0].pts-m*r),l=Math.min(l,f[0].dts-m*r),this.observer.trigger(n.default.INIT_PTS_FOUND,{initPTS:i}))}Object.keys(p).length?(u.trigger(n.default.FRAG_PARSING_INIT_SEGMENT,g),this.ISGenerated=!0,v&&(this._initPTS=i,this._initDTS=l)):u.trigger(n.default.ERROR,{type:o.ErrorTypes.MEDIA_ERROR,details:o.ErrorDetails.FRAG_PARSING_ERROR,fatal:!1,reason:"no audio/video samples found"})},e.prototype.remuxVideo=function(e,t,r,i,l){var u,d,f,c,h,p,g,v=8,m=e.timescale,y=e.samples,_=[],E=y.length,b=this._PTSNormalize,S=this._initPTS,T=this.nextAvcDts,A=this.isSafari;if(0!==E){A&&(r|=y.length&&T&&(l&&Math.abs(t-T/m)<.1||Math.abs(y[0].pts-T-S)<m/5)),r||(T=t*m),y.forEach(function(e){e.pts=b(e.pts-S,T),e.dts=b(e.dts-S,T)}),y.sort(function(e,t){var r=e.dts-t.dts,i=e.pts-t.pts;return r||i||e.id-t.id});var R=y.reduce(function(e,t){return Math.max(Math.min(e,t.pts-t.dts),-18e3)},0);if(R<0){s.logger.warn("PTS < DTS detected in video samples, shifting DTS by "+Math.round(R/90)+" ms to overcome this issue");for(var L=0;L<y.length;L++)y[L].dts+=R}var D=y[0];h=Math.max(D.dts,0),c=Math.max(D.pts,0);var O=Math.round((h-T)/90);r&&O&&(O>1?s.logger.log("AVC:"+O+" ms hole between fragments detected,filling it"):O<-1&&s.logger.log("AVC:"+-O+" ms overlapping between fragments detected"),h=T,y[0].dts=h,c=Math.max(c-O,T),y[0].pts=c,s.logger.log("Video/PTS/DTS adjusted: "+Math.round(c/90)+"/"+Math.round(h/90)+",delta:"+O+" ms")),D=y[y.length-1],g=Math.max(D.dts,0),p=Math.max(D.pts,0,g),A&&(u=Math.round((g-h)/(y.length-1)));var w=0,P=0;for(L=0;L<E;L++){for(var I=y[L],x=I.units,F=x.length,k=0,C=0;C<F;C++)k+=x[C].data.length;P+=k,w+=F,I.length=k,I.dts=A?h+L*u:Math.max(I.dts,h),I.pts=Math.max(I.pts,I.dts)}var M=P+4*w+8;try{d=new Uint8Array(M)}catch(e){return void this.observer.trigger(n.default.ERROR,{type:o.ErrorTypes.MUX_ERROR,details:o.ErrorDetails.REMUX_ALLOC_ERROR,fatal:!1,bytes:M,reason:"fail allocating video mdat "+M})}var N=new DataView(d.buffer);N.setUint32(0,M),d.set(a.default.types.mdat,4);for(L=0;L<E;L++){var U=y[L],B=U.units,G=0,j=void 0;for(C=0,F=B.length;C<F;C++){var H=B[C],K=H.data,V=H.data.byteLength;N.setUint32(v,V),v+=4,d.set(K,v),v+=V,G+=4+V}if(A)j=Math.max(0,u*Math.round((U.pts-U.dts)/u));else{if(L<E-1)u=y[L+1].dts-U.dts;else{var W=this.config,Y=U.dts-y[L>0?L-1:L].dts;if(W.stretchShortVideoTrack){var z=W.maxBufferHole,X=Math.floor(z*m),q=(i?c+i*m:this.nextAudioPts)-U.pts;q>X?((u=q-Y)<0&&(u=Y),s.logger.log("It is approximately "+q/90+" ms to the next segment; using duration "+u/90+" ms for the last video frame.")):u=Y}else u=Y}j=Math.round(U.pts-U.dts)}_.push({size:G,duration:u,cts:j,flags:{isLeading:0,isDependedOn:0,hasRedundancy:0,degradPrio:0,dependsOn:U.key?2:1,isNonSync:U.key?0:1}})}this.nextAvcDts=g+u;var Q=e.dropped;if(e.len=0,e.nbNalu=0,e.dropped=0,_.length&&navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("chrome")>-1){var Z=_[0].flags;Z.dependsOn=2,Z.isNonSync=0}e.samples=_,f=a.default.moof(e.sequenceNumber++,h,e),e.samples=[];var J={data1:f,data2:d,startPTS:c/m,endPTS:(p+u)/m,startDTS:h/m,endDTS:this.nextAvcDts/m,type:"video",hasAudio:!1,hasVideo:!0,nb:_.length,dropped:Q};return this.observer.trigger(n.default.FRAG_PARSING_DATA,J),J}},e.prototype.remuxAudio=function(e,t,r,l){var u,d,f,c,h,p,g,v=e.inputTimeScale,m=e.timescale,y=v/m,_=(e.isAAC?1024:1152)*y,E=this._PTSNormalize,b=this._initPTS,S=!e.isAAC&&this.typeSupported.mpeg,T=e.samples,A=[],R=this.nextAudioPts;if(r|=T.length&&R&&(l&&Math.abs(t-R/v)<.1||Math.abs(T[0].pts-R-b)<20*_),T.forEach(function(e){e.pts=e.dts=E(e.pts-b,t*v)}),0!==(T=T.filter(function(e){return e.pts>=0})).length){if(r||(R=l?t*v:T[0].pts),e.isAAC)for(var L=this.config.maxAudioFramesDrift,D=0,O=R;D<T.length;){var w,P=T[D];w=(U=P.pts)-O;var I=Math.abs(1e3*w/v);if(w<=-L*_)s.logger.warn("Dropping 1 audio frame @ "+(O/v).toFixed(3)+"s due to "+Math.round(I)+" ms overlap."),T.splice(D,1),e.len-=P.unit.length;else if(w>=L*_&&I<1e4&&O){var x=Math.round(w/_);s.logger.warn("Injecting "+x+" audio frame @ "+(O/v).toFixed(3)+"s due to "+Math.round(1e3*w/v)+" ms gap.");for(var F=0;F<x;F++){var k=Math.max(O,0);(f=i.default.getSilentFrame(e.manifestCodec||e.codec,e.channelCount))||(s.logger.log("Unable to get silent frame for given audio codec; duplicating last frame instead."),f=P.unit.subarray()),T.splice(D,0,{unit:f,pts:k,dts:k}),e.len+=f.length,O+=_,D++}P.pts=P.dts=O,O+=_,D++}else Math.abs(w),P.pts=P.dts=O,O+=_,D++}F=0;for(var C=T.length;F<C;F++){var M=T[F],N=M.unit,U=M.pts;if(void 0!==g)d.duration=Math.round((U-g)/y);else{var B=Math.round(1e3*(U-R)/v),G=0;if(r&&e.isAAC&&B){if(B>0&&B<1e4)G=Math.round((U-R)/_),s.logger.log(B+" ms hole between AAC samples detected,filling it"),G>0&&((f=i.default.getSilentFrame(e.manifestCodec||e.codec,e.channelCount))||(f=N.subarray()),e.len+=G*f.length);else if(B<-12){s.logger.log("drop overlapping AAC sample, expected/parsed/delta:"+(R/v).toFixed(3)+"s/"+(U/v).toFixed(3)+"s/"+-B+"ms"),e.len-=N.byteLength;continue}U=R}if(p=U,!(e.len>0))return;var j=S?e.len:e.len+8;u=S?0:8;try{c=new Uint8Array(j)}catch(e){return void this.observer.trigger(n.default.ERROR,{type:o.ErrorTypes.MUX_ERROR,details:o.ErrorDetails.REMUX_ALLOC_ERROR,fatal:!1,bytes:j,reason:"fail allocating audio mdat "+j})}S||(new DataView(c.buffer).setUint32(0,j),c.set(a.default.types.mdat,4));for(D=0;D<G;D++)(f=i.default.getSilentFrame(e.manifestCodec||e.codec,e.channelCount))||(s.logger.log("Unable to get silent frame for given audio codec; duplicating this frame instead."),f=N.subarray()),c.set(f,u),u+=f.byteLength,d={size:f.byteLength,cts:0,duration:1024,flags:{isLeading:0,isDependedOn:0,hasRedundancy:0,degradPrio:0,dependsOn:1}},A.push(d)}c.set(N,u);var H=N.byteLength;u+=H,d={size:H,cts:0,duration:0,flags:{isLeading:0,isDependedOn:0,hasRedundancy:0,degradPrio:0,dependsOn:1}},A.push(d),g=U}var K=0,V=A.length;if(V>=2&&(K=A[V-2].duration,d.duration=K),V){this.nextAudioPts=R=g+y*K,e.len=0,e.samples=A,h=S?new Uint8Array:a.default.moof(e.sequenceNumber++,p/y,e),e.samples=[];var W=p/v,Y=R/v,z={data1:h,data2:c,startPTS:W,endPTS:Y,startDTS:W,endDTS:Y,type:"audio",hasAudio:!0,hasVideo:!1,nb:V};return this.observer.trigger(n.default.FRAG_PARSING_DATA,z),z}return null}},e.prototype.remuxEmptyAudio=function(e,t,r,a){var n=e.inputTimeScale,o=n/(e.samplerate?e.samplerate:n),l=this.nextAudioPts,u=(void 0!==l?l:a.startDTS*n)+this._initDTS,d=a.endDTS*n+this._initDTS,f=1024*o,c=Math.ceil((d-u)/f),h=i.default.getSilentFrame(e.manifestCodec||e.codec,e.channelCount);if(s.logger.warn("remux empty Audio"),h){for(var p=[],g=0;g<c;g++){var v=u+g*f;p.push({unit:h,pts:v,dts:v}),e.len+=h.length}e.samples=p,this.remuxAudio(e,t,r)}else s.logger.trace("Unable to remuxEmptyAudio since we were unable to get a silent frame for given audio codec!")},e.prototype.remuxID3=function(e){var t,r=e.samples.length,i=e.inputTimeScale,a=this._initPTS,o=this._initDTS;if(r){for(var s=0;s<r;s++)(t=e.samples[s]).pts=(t.pts-a)/i,t.dts=(t.dts-o)/i;this.observer.trigger(n.default.FRAG_PARSING_METADATA,{samples:e.samples})}e.samples=[]},e.prototype.remuxText=function(e){e.samples.sort(function(e,t){return e.pts-t.pts});var t,r=e.samples.length,i=e.inputTimeScale,a=this._initPTS;if(r){for(var o=0;o<r;o++)(t=e.samples[o]).pts=(t.pts-a)/i;this.observer.trigger(n.default.FRAG_PARSING_USERDATA,{samples:e.samples})}e.samples=[]},e.prototype._PTSNormalize=function(e,t){var r;if(void 0===t)return e;for(r=t<e?-8589934592:8589934592;Math.abs(e-t)>4294967296;)e+=r;return e},e}();t.default=l},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=function(){function e(){}return 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this._levels},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"level",{get:function(){return this.currentLevelIndex},set:function(e){var t=this._levels;t&&(e=Math.min(e,t.length-1),this.currentLevelIndex===e&&t[e].details||this.setLevelInternal(e))},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),t.prototype.setLevelInternal=function(e){var t=this._levels,r=this.hls;if(e>=0&&e<t.length){if(this.clearTimer(),this.currentLevelIndex!==e){s.logger.log("switching to level "+e),this.currentLevelIndex=e;var i=t[e];i.level=e,r.trigger(n.default.LEVEL_SWITCHING,i)}var a=t[e],o=a.details;if(!o||o.live){var u=a.urlId;r.trigger(n.default.LEVEL_LOADING,{url:a.url[u],level:e,id:u})}}else r.trigger(n.default.ERROR,{type:l.ErrorTypes.OTHER_ERROR,details:l.ErrorDetails.LEVEL_SWITCH_ERROR,level:e,fatal:!1,reason:"invalid level idx"})},Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"manualLevel",{get:function(){return this.manualLevelIndex},set:function(e){this.manualLevelIndex=e,void 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0!==t&&this.recoverLevel(e,t,r,i)}},t.prototype.recoverLevel=function(e,t,r,i){var a,n,o,l=this,u=this.hls.config,d=e.details,f=this._levels[t];if(f.loadError++,f.fragmentError=i,r){if(!(this.levelRetryCount+1<=u.levelLoadingMaxRetry))return s.logger.error("level controller, cannot recover from "+d+" error"),this.currentLevelIndex=null,this.clearTimer(),void(e.fatal=!0);n=Math.min(Math.pow(2,this.levelRetryCount)*u.levelLoadingRetryDelay,u.levelLoadingMaxRetryTimeout),this.timer=setTimeout(function(){return l.loadLevel()},n),e.levelRetry=!0,this.levelRetryCount++,s.logger.warn("level controller, "+d+", retry in "+n+" ms, current retry count is "+this.levelRetryCount)}(r||i)&&((a=f.url.length)>1&&f.loadError<a?(f.urlId=(f.urlId+1)%a,f.details=void 0,s.logger.warn("level controller, "+d+" for level "+t+": switching to redundant URL-id "+f.urlId)):-1===this.manualLevelIndex?(o=0===t?this._levels.length-1:t-1,s.logger.warn("level controller, "+d+": switch to "+o),this.hls.nextAutoLevel=this.currentLevelIndex=o):i&&(s.logger.warn("level controller, "+d+": reload a fragment"),this.currentLevelIndex=null))},t.prototype.onFragLoaded=function(e){var t=e.frag;if(void 0!==t&&"main"===t.type){var r=this._levels[t.level];void 0!==r&&(r.fragmentError=!1,r.loadError=0,this.levelRetryCount=0)}},t.prototype.onLevelLoaded=function(e){var t=this,r=e.level,i=e.details;if(r===this.currentLevelIndex){var a=this._levels[r];if(a.fragmentError||(a.loadError=0,this.levelRetryCount=0),i.live){var n=d.computeReloadInterval(a.details,i,e.stats.trequest);s.logger.log("live playlist, reload in "+Math.round(n)+" ms"),this.timer=setTimeout(function(){return t.loadLevel()},n)}else this.clearTimer()}},t.prototype.onAudioTrackSwitched=function(e){var t=this.hls.audioTracks[e.id].groupId,r=this.hls.levels[this.currentLevelIndex];if(r&&r.audioGroupIds){for(var i=-1,a=0;a<r.audioGroupIds.length;a++)if(r.audioGroupIds[a]===t){i=a;break}i!==r.urlId&&(r.urlId=i,this.startLoad())}},t.prototype.loadLevel=function(){if(s.logger.debug("call to loadLevel"),null!==this.currentLevelIndex&&this.canload){var e=this._levels[this.currentLevelIndex];if("object"==typeof e&&e.url.length>0){var t=this.currentLevelIndex,r=e.urlId,i=e.url[r];s.logger.log("Attempt loading level index "+t+" with URL-id "+r),this.hls.trigger(n.default.LEVEL_LOADING,{url:i,level:t,id:r})}}},Object.defineProperty(t.prototype,"nextLoadLevel",{get:function(){return-1!==this.manualLevelIndex?this.manualLevelIndex:this.hls.nextAutoLevel},set:function(e){this.level=e,-1===this.manualLevelIndex&&(this.hls.nextAutoLevel=e)},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),t}(o.default));t.default=f},function(e,t,r){"use strict";var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(1),n=r(4),o=r(11),s=r(56),l=function(e){function t(t){var r=e.call(this,t,a.default.MEDIA_ATTACHED,a.default.MEDIA_DETACHING,a.default.FRAG_PARSING_METADATA)||this;return r.id3Track=void 0,r.media=void 0,r}return i(t,e),t.prototype.destroy=function(){n.default.prototype.destroy.call(this)},t.prototype.onMediaAttached=function(e){this.media=e.media,this.media},t.prototype.onMediaDetaching=function(){s.clearCurrentCues(this.id3Track),this.id3Track=void 0,this.media=void 0},t.prototype.getID3Track=function(e){for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){var r=e[t];if("metadata"===r.kind&&"id3"===r.label)return s.sendAddTrackEvent(r,this.media),r}return this.media.addTextTrack("metadata","id3")},t.prototype.onFragParsingMetadata=function(e){var t=e.frag,r=e.samples;this.id3Track||(this.id3Track=this.getID3Track(this.media.textTracks),this.id3Track.mode="hidden");for(var i=window.WebKitDataCue||window.VTTCue||window.TextTrackCue,a=0;a<r.length;a++){var n=o.default.getID3Frames(r[a].data);if(n){var s=r[a].pts,l=a<r.length-1?r[a+1].pts:t.endPTS;s===l&&(l+=1e-4);for(var u=0;u<n.length;u++){var d=n[u];if(!o.default.isTimeStampFrame(d)){var f=new i(s,l,"");f.value=d,this.id3Track.addCue(f)}}}}},t}(n.default);t.default=l},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0}),t.sendAddTrackEvent=function(e,t){var r=null;try{r=new window.Event("addtrack")}catch(e){(r=document.createEvent("Event")).initEvent("addtrack",!1,!1)}r.track=e,t.dispatchEvent(r)},t.clearCurrentCues=function(e){if(e&&e.cues)for(;e.cues.length>0;)e.removeCue(e.cues[0])}},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(12);t.isSupported=function(){var e=i.getMediaSource(),t=window.SourceBuffer||window.WebKitSourceBuffer,r=e&&"function"==typeof e.isTypeSupported&&e.isTypeSupported('video/mp4; codecs="avc1.42E01E,mp4a.40.2"'),a=!t||t.prototype&&"function"==typeof t.prototype.appendBuffer&&"function"==typeof t.prototype.remove;return!!r&&!!a}},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(59),a=r(62),n=r(63),o=r(64),s=r(65),l=(r(5),r(5),r(5),r(5),r(5),r(5),r(5),r(66));t.hlsDefaultConfig={autoStartLoad:!0,startPosition:-1,defaultAudioCodec:void 0,debug:!1,capLevelOnFPSDrop:!1,capLevelToPlayerSize:!1,initialLiveManifestSize:1,maxBufferLength:30,maxBufferSize:6e7,maxBufferHole:.5,lowBufferWatchdogPeriod:.5,highBufferWatchdogPeriod:3,nudgeOffset:.1,nudgeMaxRetry:3,maxFragLookUpTolerance:.25,liveSyncDurationCount:3,liveMaxLatencyDurationCount:1/0,liveSyncDuration:void 0,liveMaxLatencyDuration:void 0,liveDurationInfinity:!1,liveBackBufferLength:1/0,maxMaxBufferLength:600,enableWorker:!0,enableSoftwareAES:!0,manifestLoadingTimeOut:1e4,manifestLoadingMaxRetry:1,manifestLoadingRetryDelay:1e3,manifestLoadingMaxRetryTimeout:64e3,startLevel:void 0,levelLoadingTimeOut:1e4,levelLoadingMaxRetry:4,levelLoadingRetryDelay:1e3,levelLoadingMaxRetryTimeout:64e3,fragLoadingTimeOut:2e4,fragLoadingMaxRetry:6,fragLoadingRetryDelay:1e3,fragLoadingMaxRetryTimeout:64e3,startFragPrefetch:!1,fpsDroppedMonitoringPeriod:5e3,fpsDroppedMonitoringThreshold:.2,appendErrorMaxRetry:3,loader:s.default,fLoader:void 0,pLoader:void 0,xhrSetup:void 0,licenseXhrSetup:void 0,abrController:i.default,bufferController:a.default,capLevelController:n.default,fpsController:o.default,stretchShortVideoTrack:!1,maxAudioFramesDrift:1,forceKeyFrameOnDiscontinuity:!0,abrEwmaFastLive:3,abrEwmaSlowLive:9,abrEwmaFastVoD:3,abrEwmaSlowVoD:9,abrEwmaDefaultEstimate:5e5,abrBandWidthFactor:.95,abrBandWidthUpFactor:.7,abrMaxWithRealBitrate:!1,maxStarvationDelay:4,maxLoadingDelay:4,minAutoBitrate:0,emeEnabled:!1,widevineLicenseUrl:void 0,requestMediaKeySystemAccessFunc:l.requestMediaKeySystemAccess}},function(e,t,r){"use strict";(function(e){var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(1),n=r(4),o=r(8),s=r(3),l=r(0),u=r(60),d=window.performance,f=function(t){function r(e){var r=t.call(this,e,a.default.FRAG_LOADING,a.default.FRAG_LOADED,a.default.FRAG_BUFFERED,a.default.ERROR)||this;return r.lastLoadedFragLevel=0,r._nextAutoLevel=-1,r.hls=e,r.timer=null,r._bwEstimator=null,r.onCheck=r._abandonRulesCheck.bind(r),r}return i(r,t),r.prototype.destroy=function(){this.clearTimer(),n.default.prototype.destroy.call(this)},r.prototype.onFragLoading=function(e){var t=e.frag;if("main"===t.type&&(this.timer||(this.fragCurrent=t,this.timer=setInterval(this.onCheck,100)),!this._bwEstimator)){var r=this.hls,i=r.config,a=t.level,n=void 0,o=void 0;r.levels[a].details.live?(n=i.abrEwmaFastLive,o=i.abrEwmaSlowLive):(n=i.abrEwmaFastVoD,o=i.abrEwmaSlowVoD),this._bwEstimator=new u.default(r,o,n,i.abrEwmaDefaultEstimate)}},r.prototype._abandonRulesCheck=function(){var e=this.hls,t=e.media,r=this.fragCurrent;if(r){var i=r.loader,n=e.minAutoLevel;if(!i||i.stats&&i.stats.aborted)return l.logger.warn("frag loader destroy or aborted, disarm abandonRules"),this.clearTimer(),void(this._nextAutoLevel=-1);var s=i.stats;if(t&&s&&(!t.paused&&0!==t.playbackRate||!t.readyState)&&r.autoLevel&&r.level){var u=d.now()-s.trequest,f=Math.abs(t.playbackRate);if(u>500*r.duration/f){var c=e.levels,h=Math.max(1,s.bw?s.bw/8:1e3*s.loaded/u),p=c[r.level],g=p.realBitrate?Math.max(p.realBitrate,p.bitrate):p.bitrate,v=s.total?s.total:Math.max(s.loaded,Math.round(r.duration*g/8)),m=t.currentTime,y=(v-s.loaded)/h,_=(o.BufferHelper.bufferInfo(t,m,e.config.maxBufferHole).end-m)/f;if(_<2*r.duration/f&&y>_){var E=void 0,b=void 0;for(b=r.level-1;b>n;b--){var S=c[b].realBitrate?Math.max(c[b].realBitrate,c[b].bitrate):c[b].bitrate;if((E=r.duration*S/(6.4*h))<_)break}E<y&&(l.logger.warn("loading too slow, abort fragment loading and switch to level "+b+":fragLoadedDelay["+b+"]<fragLoadedDelay["+(r.level-1)+"];bufferStarvationDelay:"+E.toFixed(1)+"<"+y.toFixed(1)+":"+_.toFixed(1)),e.nextLoadLevel=b,this._bwEstimator.sample(u,s.loaded),i.abort(),this.clearTimer(),e.trigger(a.default.FRAG_LOAD_EMERGENCY_ABORTED,{frag:r,stats:s}))}}}}},r.prototype.onFragLoaded=function(t){var r=t.frag;if("main"===r.type&&e.isFinite(r.sn)){if(this.clearTimer(),this.lastLoadedFragLevel=r.level,this._nextAutoLevel=-1,this.hls.config.abrMaxWithRealBitrate){var i=this.hls.levels[r.level],a=(i.loaded?i.loaded.bytes:0)+t.stats.loaded,n=(i.loaded?i.loaded.duration:0)+t.frag.duration;i.loaded={bytes:a,duration:n},i.realBitrate=Math.round(8*a/n)}if(t.frag.bitrateTest){var o=t.stats;o.tparsed=o.tbuffered=o.tload,this.onFragBuffered(t)}}},r.prototype.onFragBuffered=function(t){var r=t.stats,i=t.frag;if(!0!==r.aborted&&"main"===i.type&&e.isFinite(i.sn)&&(!i.bitrateTest||r.tload===r.tbuffered)){var a=r.tparsed-r.trequest;l.logger.log("latency/loading/parsing/append/kbps:"+Math.round(r.tfirst-r.trequest)+"/"+Math.round(r.tload-r.tfirst)+"/"+Math.round(r.tparsed-r.tload)+"/"+Math.round(r.tbuffered-r.tparsed)+"/"+Math.round(8*r.loaded/(r.tbuffered-r.trequest))),this._bwEstimator.sample(a,r.loaded),r.bwEstimate=this._bwEstimator.getEstimate(),i.bitrateTest?this.bitrateTestDelay=a/1e3:this.bitrateTestDelay=0}},r.prototype.onError=function(e){switch(e.details){case s.ErrorDetails.FRAG_LOAD_ERROR:case s.ErrorDetails.FRAG_LOAD_TIMEOUT:this.clearTimer()}},r.prototype.clearTimer=function(){clearInterval(this.timer),this.timer=null},Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"nextAutoLevel",{get:function(){var e=this._nextAutoLevel,t=this._bwEstimator;if(!(-1===e||t&&t.canEstimate()))return e;var r=this._nextABRAutoLevel;return-1!==e&&(r=Math.min(e,r)),r},set:function(e){this._nextAutoLevel=e},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"_nextABRAutoLevel",{get:function(){var e=this.hls,t=e.maxAutoLevel,r=e.levels,i=e.config,a=e.minAutoLevel,n=e.media,s=this.lastLoadedFragLevel,u=this.fragCurrent?this.fragCurrent.duration:0,d=n?n.currentTime:0,f=n&&0!==n.playbackRate?Math.abs(n.playbackRate):1,c=this._bwEstimator?this._bwEstimator.getEstimate():i.abrEwmaDefaultEstimate,h=(o.BufferHelper.bufferInfo(n,d,i.maxBufferHole).end-d)/f,p=this._findBestLevel(s,u,c,a,t,h,i.abrBandWidthFactor,i.abrBandWidthUpFactor,r);if(p>=0)return p;l.logger.trace("rebuffering expected to happen, lets try to find a quality level minimizing the rebuffering");var g=u?Math.min(u,i.maxStarvationDelay):i.maxStarvationDelay,v=i.abrBandWidthFactor,m=i.abrBandWidthUpFactor;if(0===h){var y=this.bitrateTestDelay;if(y)g=(u?Math.min(u,i.maxLoadingDelay):i.maxLoadingDelay)-y,l.logger.trace("bitrate test took "+Math.round(1e3*y)+"ms, set first fragment max fetchDuration to "+Math.round(1e3*g)+" ms"),v=m=1}return p=this._findBestLevel(s,u,c,a,t,h+g,v,m,r),Math.max(p,0)},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),r.prototype._findBestLevel=function(e,t,r,i,a,n,o,s,u){for(var d=a;d>=i;d--){var f=u[d];if(f){var c=f.details,h=c?c.totalduration/c.fragments.length:t,p=!!c&&c.live,g=void 0;g=d<=e?o*r:s*r;var v=u[d].realBitrate?Math.max(u[d].realBitrate,u[d].bitrate):u[d].bitrate,m=v*h/g;if(l.logger.trace("level/adjustedbw/bitrate/avgDuration/maxFetchDuration/fetchDuration: "+d+"/"+Math.round(g)+"/"+v+"/"+h+"/"+n+"/"+m),g>v&&(!m||p&&!this.bitrateTestDelay||m<n))return d}}return-1},r}(n.default);t.default=f}).call(this,r(2).Number)},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(61),a=function(){function e(e,t,r,a){this.hls=e,this.defaultEstimate_=a,this.minWeight_=.001,this.minDelayMs_=50,this.slow_=new i.default(t),this.fast_=new i.default(r)}return e.prototype.sample=function(e,t){var r=8e3*t/(e=Math.max(e,this.minDelayMs_)),i=e/1e3;this.fast_.sample(i,r),this.slow_.sample(i,r)},e.prototype.canEstimate=function(){var e=this.fast_;return e&&e.getTotalWeight()>=this.minWeight_},e.prototype.getEstimate=function(){return this.canEstimate()?Math.min(this.fast_.getEstimate(),this.slow_.getEstimate()):this.defaultEstimate_},e.prototype.destroy=function(){},e}();t.default=a},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=function(){function e(e){this.alpha_=e?Math.exp(Math.log(.5)/e):0,this.estimate_=0,this.totalWeight_=0}return e.prototype.sample=function(e,t){var r=Math.pow(this.alpha_,e);this.estimate_=t*(1-r)+r*this.estimate_,this.totalWeight_+=e},e.prototype.getTotalWeight=function(){return this.totalWeight_},e.prototype.getEstimate=function(){if(this.alpha_){var e=1-Math.pow(this.alpha_,this.totalWeight_);return this.estimate_/e}return this.estimate_},e}();t.default=i},function(e,t,r){"use strict";(function(e){var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(1),n=r(4),o=r(0),s=r(3),l=r(12).getMediaSource(),u=function(t){function r(e){var r=t.call(this,e,a.default.MEDIA_ATTACHING,a.default.MEDIA_DETACHING,a.default.MANIFEST_PARSED,a.default.BUFFER_RESET,a.default.BUFFER_APPENDING,a.default.BUFFER_CODECS,a.default.BUFFER_EOS,a.default.BUFFER_FLUSHING,a.default.LEVEL_PTS_UPDATED,a.default.LEVEL_UPDATED)||this;return r._msDuration=null,r._levelDuration=null,r._levelTargetDuration=10,r._live=null,r._objectUrl=null,r.bufferCodecEventsExpected=0,r.onsbue=r.onSBUpdateEnd.bind(r),r.onsbe=r.onSBUpdateError.bind(r),r.pendingTracks={},r.tracks={},r}return i(r,t),r.prototype.destroy=function(){n.default.prototype.destroy.call(this)},r.prototype.onLevelPtsUpdated=function(e){var t=e.type,r=this.tracks.audio;if("audio"===t&&r&&"audio/mpeg"===r.container){var i=this.sourceBuffer.audio;if(Math.abs(i.timestampOffset-e.start)>.1){var a=i.updating;try{i.abort()}catch(e){o.logger.warn("can not abort audio buffer: "+e)}a?this.audioTimestampOffset=e.start:(o.logger.warn("change mpeg audio timestamp offset from "+i.timestampOffset+" to "+e.start),i.timestampOffset=e.start)}}},r.prototype.onManifestParsed=function(e){this.bufferCodecEventsExpected=e.altAudio?2:1,o.logger.log(this.bufferCodecEventsExpected+" bufferCodec event(s) expected")},r.prototype.onMediaAttaching=function(e){var t=this.media=e.media;if(t){var r=this.mediaSource=new l;this.onmso=this.onMediaSourceOpen.bind(this),this.onmse=this.onMediaSourceEnded.bind(this),this.onmsc=this.onMediaSourceClose.bind(this),r.addEventListener("sourceopen",this.onmso),r.addEventListener("sourceended",this.onmse),r.addEventListener("sourceclose",this.onmsc),t.src=window.URL.createObjectURL(r),this._objectUrl=t.src}},r.prototype.onMediaDetaching=function(){o.logger.log("media source detaching");var e=this.mediaSource;if(e){if("open"===e.readyState)try{e.endOfStream()}catch(e){o.logger.warn("onMediaDetaching:"+e.message+" while calling endOfStream")}e.removeEventListener("sourceopen",this.onmso),e.removeEventListener("sourceended",this.onmse),e.removeEventListener("sourceclose",this.onmsc),this.media&&(window.URL.revokeObjectURL(this._objectUrl),this.media.src===this._objectUrl?(this.media.removeAttribute("src"),this.media.load()):o.logger.warn("media.src was changed by a third party - skip cleanup")),this.mediaSource=null,this.media=null,this._objectUrl=null,this.pendingTracks={},this.tracks={},this.sourceBuffer={},this.flushRange=[],this.segments=[],this.appended=0}this.onmso=this.onmse=this.onmsc=null,this.hls.trigger(a.default.MEDIA_DETACHED)},r.prototype.onMediaSourceOpen=function(){o.logger.log("media source opened"),this.hls.trigger(a.default.MEDIA_ATTACHED,{media:this.media});var e=this.mediaSource;e&&e.removeEventListener("sourceopen",this.onmso),this.checkPendingTracks()},r.prototype.checkPendingTracks=function(){var e=this.bufferCodecEventsExpected,t=this.pendingTracks,r=Object.keys(t).length;(r&&!e||2===r)&&(this.createSourceBuffers(t),this.pendingTracks={},this.doAppending())},r.prototype.onMediaSourceClose=function(){o.logger.log("media source closed")},r.prototype.onMediaSourceEnded=function(){o.logger.log("media source ended")},r.prototype.onSBUpdateEnd=function(){if(this.audioTimestampOffset){var e=this.sourceBuffer.audio;o.logger.warn("change mpeg audio timestamp offset from "+e.timestampOffset+" to "+this.audioTimestampOffset),e.timestampOffset=this.audioTimestampOffset,delete this.audioTimestampOffset}this._needsFlush&&this.doFlush(),this._needsEos&&this.checkEos(),this.appending=!1;var t=this.parent,r=this.segments.reduce(function(e,r){return r.parent===t?e+1:e},0),i={},n=this.sourceBuffer;for(var s in n)i[s]=n[s].buffered;this.hls.trigger(a.default.BUFFER_APPENDED,{parent:t,pending:r,timeRanges:i}),this._needsFlush||this.doAppending(),this.updateMediaElementDuration(),0===r&&this.flushLiveBackBuffer()},r.prototype.onSBUpdateError=function(e){o.logger.error("sourceBuffer error:",e),this.hls.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:s.ErrorTypes.MEDIA_ERROR,details:s.ErrorDetails.BUFFER_APPENDING_ERROR,fatal:!1})},r.prototype.onBufferReset=function(){var e=this.sourceBuffer;for(var t in e){var r=e[t];try{this.mediaSource.removeSourceBuffer(r),r.removeEventListener("updateend",this.onsbue),r.removeEventListener("error",this.onsbe)}catch(e){}}this.sourceBuffer={},this.flushRange=[],this.segments=[],this.appended=0},r.prototype.onBufferCodecs=function(e){var t=this;if(!Object.keys(this.sourceBuffer).length){Object.keys(e).forEach(function(r){t.pendingTracks[r]=e[r]});var r=this.mediaSource;this.bufferCodecEventsExpected=Math.max(this.bufferCodecEventsExpected-1,0),r&&"open"===r.readyState&&this.checkPendingTracks()}},r.prototype.createSourceBuffers=function(e){var t=this.sourceBuffer,r=this.mediaSource;for(var i in e)if(!t[i]){var n=e[i],l=n.levelCodec||n.codec,u=n.container+";codecs="+l;o.logger.log("creating sourceBuffer("+u+")");try{var d=t[i]=r.addSourceBuffer(u);d.addEventListener("updateend",this.onsbue),d.addEventListener("error",this.onsbe),this.tracks[i]={codec:l,container:n.container},n.buffer=d}catch(e){o.logger.error("error while trying to add sourceBuffer:"+e.message),this.hls.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:s.ErrorTypes.MEDIA_ERROR,details:s.ErrorDetails.BUFFER_ADD_CODEC_ERROR,fatal:!1,err:e,mimeType:u})}}this.hls.trigger(a.default.BUFFER_CREATED,{tracks:e})},r.prototype.onBufferAppending=function(e){this._needsFlush||(this.segments?this.segments.push(e):this.segments=[e],this.doAppending())},r.prototype.onBufferAppendFail=function(e){o.logger.error("sourceBuffer error:",e.event),this.hls.trigger(a.default.ERROR,{type:s.ErrorTypes.MEDIA_ERROR,details:s.ErrorDetails.BUFFER_APPENDING_ERROR,fatal:!1})},r.prototype.onBufferEos=function(e){var t=this.sourceBuffer,r=e.type;for(var i in t)r&&i!==r||t[i].ended||(t[i].ended=!0,o.logger.log(i+" sourceBuffer now EOS"));this.checkEos()},r.prototype.checkEos=function(){var e=this.sourceBuffer,t=this.mediaSource;if(t&&"open"===t.readyState){for(var r in e){var i=e[r];if(!i.ended)return;if(i.updating)return void(this._needsEos=!0)}o.logger.log("all media data are available, signal endOfStream() to MediaSource and stop loading fragment");try{t.endOfStream()}catch(e){o.logger.warn("exception while calling mediaSource.endOfStream()")}this._needsEos=!1}else this._needsEos=!1},r.prototype.onBufferFlushing=function(e){this.flushRange.push({start:e.startOffset,end:e.endOffset,type:e.type}),this.flushBufferCounter=0,this.doFlush()},r.prototype.flushLiveBackBuffer=function(){if(this._live){var e=this.hls.config.liveBackBufferLength;if(isFinite(e)&&!(e<0))for(var t=this.media.currentTime,r=this.sourceBuffer,i=Object.keys(r),a=t-Math.max(e,this._levelTargetDuration),n=i.length-1;n>=0;n--){var o=i[n],s=r[o].buffered;s.length>0&&a>s.start(0)&&this.removeBufferRange(o,r[o],0,a)}}},r.prototype.onLevelUpdated=function(e){var t=e.details;t.fragments.length>0&&(this._levelDuration=t.totalduration+t.fragments[0].start,this._levelTargetDuration=t.averagetargetduration||t.targetduration||10,this._live=t.live,this.updateMediaElementDuration())},r.prototype.updateMediaElementDuration=function(){var t,r=this.hls.config;if(null!==this._levelDuration&&this.media&&this.mediaSource&&this.sourceBuffer&&0!==this.media.readyState&&"open"===this.mediaSource.readyState){for(var i in this.sourceBuffer)if(!0===this.sourceBuffer[i].updating)return;t=this.media.duration,null===this._msDuration&&(this._msDuration=this.mediaSource.duration),!0===this._live&&!0===r.liveDurationInfinity?(o.logger.log("Media Source duration is set to Infinity"),this._msDuration=this.mediaSource.duration=1/0):(this._levelDuration>this._msDuration&&this._levelDuration>t||!e.isFinite(t))&&(o.logger.log("Updating Media Source duration to "+this._levelDuration.toFixed(3)),this._msDuration=this.mediaSource.duration=this._levelDuration)}},r.prototype.doFlush=function(){for(;this.flushRange.length;){var e=this.flushRange[0];if(!this.flushBuffer(e.start,e.end,e.type))return void(this._needsFlush=!0);this.flushRange.shift(),this.flushBufferCounter=0}if(0===this.flushRange.length){this._needsFlush=!1;var t=0,r=this.sourceBuffer;try{for(var i in r)t+=r[i].buffered.length}catch(e){o.logger.error("error while accessing sourceBuffer.buffered")}this.appended=t,this.hls.trigger(a.default.BUFFER_FLUSHED)}},r.prototype.doAppending=function(){var e=this.hls,t=this.segments,r=this.sourceBuffer;if(Object.keys(r).length){if(this.media.error)return this.segments=[],void o.logger.error("trying to append although a media error occured, flush segment and abort");if(this.appending)return;if(t&&t.length){var i=t.shift();try{var n=r[i.type];n?n.updating?t.unshift(i):(n.ended=!1,this.parent=i.parent,n.appendBuffer(i.data),this.appendError=0,this.appended++,this.appending=!0):this.onSBUpdateEnd()}catch(r){o.logger.error("error while trying to append buffer:"+r.message),t.unshift(i);var l={type:s.ErrorTypes.MEDIA_ERROR,parent:i.parent};22!==r.code?(this.appendError?this.appendError++:this.appendError=1,l.details=s.ErrorDetails.BUFFER_APPEND_ERROR,this.appendError>e.config.appendErrorMaxRetry?(o.logger.log("fail "+e.config.appendErrorMaxRetry+" times to append segment in sourceBuffer"),this.segments=[],l.fatal=!0,e.trigger(a.default.ERROR,l)):(l.fatal=!1,e.trigger(a.default.ERROR,l))):(this.segments=[],l.details=s.ErrorDetails.BUFFER_FULL_ERROR,l.fatal=!1,e.trigger(a.default.ERROR,l))}}}},r.prototype.flushBuffer=function(e,t,r){var i,a=this.sourceBuffer;if(Object.keys(a).length){if(o.logger.log("flushBuffer,pos/start/end: "+this.media.currentTime.toFixed(3)+"/"+e+"/"+t),this.flushBufferCounter<this.appended){for(var n in a)if(!r||n===r){if((i=a[n]).ended=!1,i.updating)return o.logger.warn("cannot flush, sb updating in progress"),!1;if(this.removeBufferRange(n,i,e,t))return this.flushBufferCounter++,!1}}else o.logger.warn("abort flushing too many retries");o.logger.log("buffer flushed")}return!0},r.prototype.removeBufferRange=function(e,t,r,i){try{for(var a=0;a<t.buffered.length;a++){var n=t.buffered.start(a),s=t.buffered.end(a),l=Math.max(n,r),u=Math.min(s,i);if(Math.min(u,s)-l>.5)return o.logger.log("sb remove "+e+" ["+l+","+u+"], of ["+n+","+s+"], pos:"+this.media.currentTime),t.remove(l,u),!0}}catch(e){o.logger.warn("removeBufferRange failed",e)}return!1},r}(n.default);t.default=u}).call(this,r(2).Number)},function(e,t,r){"use strict";(function(e){var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(1),n=function(t){function r(r){var i=t.call(this,r,a.default.FPS_DROP_LEVEL_CAPPING,a.default.MEDIA_ATTACHING,a.default.MANIFEST_PARSED,a.default.BUFFER_CODECS,a.default.MEDIA_DETACHING)||this;return i.autoLevelCapping=e.POSITIVE_INFINITY,i.firstLevel=null,i.levels=[],i.media=null,i.restrictedLevels=[],i.timer=null,i}return i(r,t),r.prototype.destroy=function(){this.hls.config.capLevelToPlayerSize&&(this.media=null,this._stopCapping())},r.prototype.onFpsDropLevelCapping=function(e){r.isLevelAllowed(e.droppedLevel,this.restrictedLevels)&&this.restrictedLevels.push(e.droppedLevel)},r.prototype.onMediaAttaching=function(e){this.media=e.media instanceof window.HTMLVideoElement?e.media:null},r.prototype.onManifestParsed=function(e){var t=this.hls;this.restrictedLevels=[],this.levels=e.levels,this.firstLevel=e.firstLevel,t.config.capLevelToPlayerSize&&e.video&&this._startCapping()},r.prototype.onBufferCodecs=function(e){this.hls.config.capLevelToPlayerSize&&e.video&&this._startCapping()},r.prototype.onLevelsUpdated=function(e){this.levels=e.levels},r.prototype.onMediaDetaching=function(){this._stopCapping()},r.prototype.detectPlayerSize=function(){if(this.media){var e=this.levels?this.levels.length:0;if(e){var t=this.hls;t.autoLevelCapping=this.getMaxLevel(e-1),t.autoLevelCapping>this.autoLevelCapping&&t.streamController.nextLevelSwitch(),this.autoLevelCapping=t.autoLevelCapping}}},r.prototype.getMaxLevel=function(e){var t=this;if(!this.levels)return-1;var i=this.levels.filter(function(i,a){return r.isLevelAllowed(a,t.restrictedLevels)&&a<=e});return r.getMaxLevelByMediaSize(i,this.mediaWidth,this.mediaHeight)},r.prototype._startCapping=function(){this.timer||(this.autoLevelCapping=e.POSITIVE_INFINITY,this.hls.firstLevel=this.getMaxLevel(this.firstLevel),clearInterval(this.timer),this.timer=setInterval(this.detectPlayerSize.bind(this),1e3),this.detectPlayerSize())},r.prototype._stopCapping=function(){this.restrictedLevels=[],this.firstLevel=null,this.autoLevelCapping=e.POSITIVE_INFINITY,this.timer&&(this.timer=clearInterval(this.timer),this.timer=null)},Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"mediaWidth",{get:function(){var e,t=this.media;return t&&(e=t.width||t.clientWidth||t.offsetWidth,e*=r.contentScaleFactor),e},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(r.prototype,"mediaHeight",{get:function(){var e,t=this.media;return t&&(e=t.height||t.clientHeight||t.offsetHeight,e*=r.contentScaleFactor),e},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),Object.defineProperty(r,"contentScaleFactor",{get:function(){var e=1;try{e=window.devicePixelRatio}catch(e){}return e},enumerable:!0,configurable:!0}),r.isLevelAllowed=function(e,t){return void 0===t&&(t=[]),-1===t.indexOf(e)},r.getMaxLevelByMediaSize=function(e,t,r){if(!e||e&&!e.length)return-1;for(var i=function(e,t){return!t||(e.width!==t.width||e.height!==t.height)},a=e.length-1,n=0;n<e.length;n+=1){var o=e[n];if((o.width>=t||o.height>=r)&&i(o,e[n+1])){a=n;break}}return a},r}(r(4).default);t.default=n}).call(this,r(2).Number)},function(e,t,r){"use strict";var i=this&&this.__extends||function(){var e=Object.setPrototypeOf||{__proto__:[]}instanceof Array&&function(e,t){e.__proto__=t}||function(e,t){for(var r in t)t.hasOwnProperty(r)&&(e[r]=t[r])};return function(t,r){function i(){this.constructor=t}e(t,r),t.prototype=null===r?Object.create(r):(i.prototype=r.prototype,new i)}}();Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var a=r(1),n=r(4),o=r(0),s=window.performance,l=function(e){function t(t){return e.call(this,t,a.default.MEDIA_ATTACHING)||this}return i(t,e),t.prototype.destroy=function(){this.timer&&clearInterval(this.timer),this.isVideoPlaybackQualityAvailable=!1},t.prototype.onMediaAttaching=function(e){var t=this.hls.config;t.capLevelOnFPSDrop&&("function"==typeof(this.video=e.media instanceof window.HTMLVideoElement?e.media:null).getVideoPlaybackQuality&&(this.isVideoPlaybackQualityAvailable=!0),clearInterval(this.timer),this.timer=setInterval(this.checkFPSInterval.bind(this),t.fpsDroppedMonitoringPeriod))},t.prototype.checkFPS=function(e,t,r){var i=s.now();if(t){if(this.lastTime){var n=i-this.lastTime,l=r-this.lastDroppedFrames,u=t-this.lastDecodedFrames,d=1e3*l/n,f=this.hls;if(f.trigger(a.default.FPS_DROP,{currentDropped:l,currentDecoded:u,totalDroppedFrames:r}),d>0&&l>f.config.fpsDroppedMonitoringThreshold*u){var c=f.currentLevel;o.logger.warn("drop FPS ratio greater than max allowed value for currentLevel: "+c),c>0&&(-1===f.autoLevelCapping||f.autoLevelCapping>=c)&&(c-=1,f.trigger(a.default.FPS_DROP_LEVEL_CAPPING,{level:c,droppedLevel:f.currentLevel}),f.autoLevelCapping=c,f.streamController.nextLevelSwitch())}}this.lastTime=i,this.lastDroppedFrames=r,this.lastDecodedFrames=t}},t.prototype.checkFPSInterval=function(){var e=this.video;if(e)if(this.isVideoPlaybackQualityAvailable){var t=e.getVideoPlaybackQuality();this.checkFPS(e,t.totalVideoFrames,t.droppedVideoFrames)}else this.checkFPS(e,e.webkitDecodedFrameCount,e.webkitDroppedFrameCount)},t}(n.default);t.default=l},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i=r(0),a=window.performance,n=window.XMLHttpRequest,o=function(){function e(e){e&&e.xhrSetup&&(this.xhrSetup=e.xhrSetup)}return e.prototype.destroy=function(){this.abort(),this.loader=null},e.prototype.abort=function(){var e=this.loader;e&&4!==e.readyState&&(this.stats.aborted=!0,e.abort()),window.clearTimeout(this.requestTimeout),this.requestTimeout=null,window.clearTimeout(this.retryTimeout),this.retryTimeout=null},e.prototype.load=function(e,t,r){this.context=e,this.config=t,this.callbacks=r,this.stats={trequest:a.now(),retry:0},this.retryDelay=t.retryDelay,this.loadInternal()},e.prototype.loadInternal=function(){var e,t=this.context;e=this.loader=new n;var r=this.stats;r.tfirst=0,r.loaded=0;var i=this.xhrSetup;try{if(i)try{i(e,t.url)}catch(r){e.open("GET",t.url,!0),i(e,t.url)}e.readyState||e.open("GET",t.url,!0)}catch(r){return void this.callbacks.onError({code:e.status,text:r.message},t,e)}t.rangeEnd&&e.setRequestHeader("Range","bytes="+t.rangeStart+"-"+(t.rangeEnd-1)),e.onreadystatechange=this.readystatechange.bind(this),e.onprogress=this.loadprogress.bind(this),e.responseType=t.responseType,this.requestTimeout=window.setTimeout(this.loadtimeout.bind(this),this.config.timeout),e.send()},e.prototype.readystatechange=function(e){var t=e.currentTarget,r=t.readyState,n=this.stats,o=this.context,s=this.config;if(!n.aborted&&r>=2)if(window.clearTimeout(this.requestTimeout),0===n.tfirst&&(n.tfirst=Math.max(a.now(),n.trequest)),4===r){var l=t.status;if(l>=200&&l<300){n.tload=Math.max(n.tfirst,a.now());var u=void 0,d=void 0;d="arraybuffer"===o.responseType?(u=t.response).byteLength:(u=t.responseText).length,n.loaded=n.total=d;var f={url:t.responseURL,data:u};this.callbacks.onSuccess(f,n,o,t)}else n.retry>=s.maxRetry||l>=400&&l<499?(i.logger.error(l+" while loading "+o.url),this.callbacks.onError({code:l,text:t.statusText},o,t)):(i.logger.warn(l+" while loading "+o.url+", retrying in "+this.retryDelay+"..."),this.destroy(),this.retryTimeout=window.setTimeout(this.loadInternal.bind(this),this.retryDelay),this.retryDelay=Math.min(2*this.retryDelay,s.maxRetryDelay),n.retry++)}else this.requestTimeout=window.setTimeout(this.loadtimeout.bind(this),s.timeout)},e.prototype.loadtimeout=function(){i.logger.warn("timeout while loading "+this.context.url),this.callbacks.onTimeout(this.stats,this.context,null)},e.prototype.loadprogress=function(e){var t=e.currentTarget,r=this.stats;r.loaded=e.loaded,e.lengthComputable&&(r.total=e.total);var i=this.callbacks.onProgress;i&&i(r,this.context,null,t)},e}();t.default=o},function(e,t,r){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var i="undefined"!=typeof window&&window.navigator&&window.navigator.requestMediaKeySystemAccess?window.navigator.requestMediaKeySystemAccess.bind(window.navigator):null;t.requestMediaKeySystemAccess=i}]).default}); //# sourceMappingURL=hls.light.min.js.map

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/jquery.media.js.download

/* * jQuery Media Plugin for converting elements into rich media content. * * Examples and documentation at: http://malsup.com/jquery/media/ * Copyright (c) 2007-2010 M. Alsup * Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses: * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html * * @author: M. Alsup * @version: 0.96 (23-MAR-2011) * @requires jQuery v1.1.2 or later * $Id: jquery.media.js 2460 2007-07-23 02:53:15Z malsup $ * * Supported Media Players: * - Flash * - Quicktime * - Real Player * - Silverlight * - Windows Media Player * - iframe * * Supported Media Formats: * Any types supported by the above players, such as: * Video: asf, avi, flv, mov, mpg, mpeg, mp4, qt, smil, swf, wmv, 3g2, 3gp * Audio: aif, aac, au, gsm, mid, midi, mov, mp3, m4a, snd, rm, wav, wma * Other: bmp, html, pdf, psd, qif, qtif, qti, tif, tiff, xaml * * Thanks to Mark Hicken and Brent Pedersen for helping me debug this on the Mac! * Thanks to Dan Rossi for numerous bug reports and code bits! * Thanks to Skye Giordano for several great suggestions! * Thanks to Richard Connamacher for excellent improvements to the non-IE behavior! */ ;(function($) { var lameIE = $.browser.msie && $.browser.version < 9; /** * Chainable method for converting elements into rich media. * * @param options * @param callback fn invoked for each matched element before conversion * @param callback fn invoked for each matched element after conversion */ $.fn.media = function(options, f1, f2) { if (options == 'undo') { return this.each(function() { var $this = $(this); var html = $this.data('media.origHTML'); if (html) $this.replaceWith(html); }); } return this.each(function() { if (typeof options == 'function') { f2 = f1; f1 = options; options = {}; } var o = getSettings(this, options); // pre-conversion callback, passes original element and fully populated options if (typeof f1 == 'function') f1(this, o); var r = getTypesRegExp(); var m = r.exec(o.src.toLowerCase()) || ['']; o.type ? m[0] = o.type : m.shift(); for (var i=0; i < m.length; i++) { fn = m[i].toLowerCase(); if (isDigit(fn[0])) fn = 'fn' + fn; // fns can't begin with numbers if (!$.fn.media[fn]) continue; // unrecognized media type // normalize autoplay settings var player = $.fn.media[fn+'_player']; if (!o.params) o.params = {}; if (player) { var num = player.autoplayAttr == 'autostart'; o.params[player.autoplayAttr || 'autoplay'] = num ? (o.autoplay ? 1 : 0) : o.autoplay ? true : false; } var $div = $.fn.media[fn](this, o); $div.css('backgroundColor', o.bgColor).width(o.width); if (o.canUndo) { var $temp = $('<div></div>').append(this); $div.data('media.origHTML', $temp.html()); // store original markup } // post-conversion callback, passes original element, new div element and fully populated options if (typeof f2 == 'function') f2(this, $div[0], o, player.name); break; } }); }; /** * Non-chainable method for adding or changing file format / player mapping * @name mapFormat * @param String format File format extension (ie: mov, wav, mp3) * @param String player Player name to use for the format (one of: flash, quicktime, realplayer, winmedia, silverlight or iframe */ $.fn.media.mapFormat = function(format, player) { if (!format || !player || !$.fn.media.defaults.players[player]) return; // invalid format = format.toLowerCase(); if (isDigit(format[0])) format = 'fn' + format; $.fn.media[format] = $.fn.media[player]; $.fn.media[format+'_player'] = $.fn.media.defaults.players[player]; }; // global defautls; override as needed $.fn.media.defaults = { standards: true, // use object tags only (no embeds for non-IE browsers) canUndo: true, // tells plugin to store the original markup so it can be reverted via: $(sel).mediaUndo() width: 400, height: 400, autoplay: 0, // normalized cross-player setting bgColor: '#ffffff', // background color params: { wmode: 'transparent'}, // added to object element as param elements; added to embed element as attrs attrs: {}, // added to object and embed elements as attrs flvKeyName: 'file', // key used for object src param (thanks to Andrea Ercolino) flashvars: {}, // added to flash content as flashvars param/attr flashVersion: '7', // required flash version expressInstaller: null, // src for express installer // default flash video and mp3 player (@see: http://jeroenwijering.com/?item=Flash_Media_Player) flvPlayer: 'mediaplayer.swf', mp3Player: 'mediaplayer.swf', // @see http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb412401.aspx silverlight: { inplaceInstallPrompt: 'true', // display in-place install prompt? isWindowless: 'true', // windowless mode (false for wrapping markup) framerate: '24', // maximum framerate version: '0.9', // Silverlight version onError: null, // onError callback onLoad: null, // onLoad callback initParams: null, // object init params userContext: null // callback arg passed to the load callback } }; // Media Players; think twice before overriding $.fn.media.defaults.players = { flash: { name: 'flash', title: 'Flash', types: 'flv,mp3,swf', mimetype: 'application/x-shockwave-flash', pluginspage: 'http://www.adobe.com/go/getflashplayer', ieAttrs: { classid: 'clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000', type: 'application/x-oleobject', codebase: 'http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=' + $.fn.media.defaults.flashVersion } }, quicktime: { name: 'quicktime', title: 'QuickTime', mimetype: 'video/quicktime', pluginspage: 'http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/', types: 'aif,aiff,aac,au,bmp,gsm,mov,mid,midi,mpg,mpeg,mp4,m4a,psd,qt,qtif,qif,qti,snd,tif,tiff,wav,3g2,3gp', ieAttrs: { classid: 'clsid:02BF25D5-8C17-4B23-BC80-D3488ABDDC6B', codebase: 'http://www.apple.com/qtactivex/qtplugin.cab' } }, realplayer: { name: 'real', title: 'RealPlayer', types: 'ra,ram,rm,rpm,rv,smi,smil', mimetype: 'audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin', pluginspage: 'http://www.real.com/player/', autoplayAttr: 'autostart', ieAttrs: { classid: 'clsid:CFCDAA03-8BE4-11cf-B84B-0020AFBBCCFA' } }, winmedia: { name: 'winmedia', title: 'Windows Media', types: 'asx,asf,avi,wma,wmv', mimetype: $.browser.mozilla && isFirefoxWMPPluginInstalled() ? 'application/x-ms-wmp' : 'application/x-mplayer2', pluginspage: 'http://www.microsoft.com/Windows/MediaPlayer/', autoplayAttr: 'autostart', oUrl: 'url', ieAttrs: { classid: 'clsid:6BF52A52-394A-11d3-B153-00C04F79FAA6', type: 'application/x-oleobject' } }, // special cases img: { name: 'img', title: 'Image', types: 'gif,png,jpg' }, iframe: { name: 'iframe', types: 'html,pdf' }, silverlight: { name: 'silverlight', types: 'xaml' } }; // // everything below here is private // // detection script for FF WMP plugin (http://www.therossman.org/experiments/wmp_play.html) // (hat tip to Mark Ross for this script) function isFirefoxWMPPluginInstalled() { var plugs = navigator.plugins; for (var i = 0; i < plugs.length; i++) { var plugin = plugs[i]; if (plugin['filename'] == 'np-mswmp.dll') return true; } return false; } var counter = 1; for (var player in $.fn.media.defaults.players) { var types = $.fn.media.defaults.players[player].types; $.each(types.split(','), function(i,o) { if (isDigit(o[0])) o = 'fn' + o; $.fn.media[o] = $.fn.media[player] = getGenerator(player); $.fn.media[o+'_player'] = $.fn.media.defaults.players[player]; }); }; function getTypesRegExp() { var types = ''; for (var player in $.fn.media.defaults.players) { if (types.length) types += ','; types += $.fn.media.defaults.players[player].types; }; return new RegExp('\\.(' + types.replace(/,/ig,'|') + ')\\b'); }; function getGenerator(player) { return function(el, options) { return generate(el, options, player); }; }; function isDigit(c) { return '0123456789'.indexOf(c) > -1; }; // flatten all possible options: global defaults, meta, option obj function getSettings(el, options) { options = options || {}; var $el = $(el); var cls = el.className || ''; // support metadata plugin (v1.0 and v2.0) var meta = $.metadata ? $el.metadata() : $.meta ? $el.data() : {}; meta = meta || {}; var w = meta.width || parseInt(((cls.match(/\bw:(\d+)/)||[])[1]||0)) || parseInt(((cls.match(/\bwidth:(\d+)/)||[])[1]||0)); var h = meta.height || parseInt(((cls.match(/\bh:(\d+)/)||[])[1]||0)) || parseInt(((cls.match(/\bheight:(\d+)/)||[])[1]||0)) if (w) meta.width = w; if (h) meta.height = h; if (cls) meta.cls = cls; // crank html5 style data attributes var dataName = 'data-'; for (var i=0; i < el.attributes.length; i++) { var a = el.attributes[i], n = $.trim(a.name); var index = n.indexOf(dataName); if (index === 0) { n = n.substring(dataName.length); meta[n] = a.value; } } var a = $.fn.media.defaults; var b = options; var c = meta; var p = { params: { bgColor: options.bgColor || $.fn.media.defaults.bgColor } }; var opts = $.extend({}, a, b, c); $.each(['attrs','params','flashvars','silverlight'], function(i,o) { opts[o] = $.extend({}, p[o] || {}, a[o] || {}, b[o] || {}, c[o] || {}); }); if (typeof opts.caption == 'undefined') opts.caption = $el.text(); // make sure we have a source! opts.src = opts.src || $el.attr('href') || $el.attr('src') || 'unknown'; return opts; }; // // Flash Player // // generate flash using SWFObject library if possible $.fn.media.swf = function(el, opts) { if (!window.SWFObject && !window.swfobject) { // roll our own if (opts.flashvars) { var a = []; for (var f in opts.flashvars) a.push(f + '=' + opts.flashvars[f]); if (!opts.params) opts.params = {}; opts.params.flashvars = a.join('&'); } return generate(el, opts, 'flash'); } var id = el.id ? (' id="'+el.id+'"') : ''; var cls = opts.cls ? (' class="' + opts.cls + '"') : ''; var $div = $('<div' + id + cls + '>'); // swfobject v2+ if (window.swfobject) { $(el).after($div).appendTo($div); if (!el.id) el.id = 'movie_player_' + counter++; // replace el with swfobject content swfobject.embedSWF(opts.src, el.id, opts.width, opts.height, opts.flashVersion, opts.expressInstaller, opts.flashvars, opts.params, opts.attrs); } // swfobject < v2 else { $(el).after($div).remove(); var so = new SWFObject(opts.src, 'movie_player_' + counter++, opts.width, opts.height, opts.flashVersion, opts.bgColor); if (opts.expressInstaller) so.useExpressInstall(opts.expressInstaller); for (var p in opts.params) if (p != 'bgColor') so.addParam(p, opts.params[p]); for (var f in opts.flashvars) so.addVariable(f, opts.flashvars[f]); so.write($div[0]); } if (opts.caption) $('<div>').appendTo($div).html(opts.caption); return $div; }; // map flv and mp3 files to the swf player by default $.fn.media.flv = $.fn.media.mp3 = function(el, opts) { var src = opts.src; var player = /\.mp3\b/i.test(src) ? $.fn.media.defaults.mp3Player : $.fn.media.defaults.flvPlayer; var key = opts.flvKeyName; src = encodeURIComponent(src); opts.src = player; opts.src = opts.src + '?'+key+'=' + (src); var srcObj = {}; srcObj[key] = src; opts.flashvars = $.extend({}, srcObj, opts.flashvars ); return $.fn.media.swf(el, opts); }; // // Silverlight // $.fn.media.xaml = function(el, opts) { if (!window.Sys || !window.Sys.Silverlight) { if ($.fn.media.xaml.warning) return; $.fn.media.xaml.warning = 1; alert('You must include the Silverlight.js script.'); return; } var props = { width: opts.width, height: opts.height, background: opts.bgColor, inplaceInstallPrompt: opts.silverlight.inplaceInstallPrompt, isWindowless: opts.silverlight.isWindowless, framerate: opts.silverlight.framerate, version: opts.silverlight.version }; var events = { onError: opts.silverlight.onError, onLoad: opts.silverlight.onLoad }; var id1 = el.id ? (' id="'+el.id+'"') : ''; var id2 = opts.id || 'AG' + counter++; // convert element to div var cls = opts.cls ? (' class="' + opts.cls + '"') : ''; var $div = $('<div' + id1 + cls + '>'); $(el).after($div).remove(); Sys.Silverlight.createObjectEx({ source: opts.src, initParams: opts.silverlight.initParams, userContext: opts.silverlight.userContext, id: id2, parentElement: $div[0], properties: props, events: events }); if (opts.caption) $('<div>').appendTo($div).html(opts.caption); return $div; }; // // generate object/embed markup // function generate(el, opts, player) { var $el = $(el); var o = $.fn.media.defaults.players[player]; if (player == 'iframe') { o = $('<iframe' + ' width="' + opts.width + '" height="' + opts.height + '" >'); o.attr('src', opts.src); o.css('backgroundColor', o.bgColor); } else if (player == 'img') { o = $('<img>'); o.attr('src', opts.src); opts.width && o.attr('width', opts.width); opts.height && o.attr('height', opts.height); o.css('backgroundColor', o.bgColor); } else if (lameIE) { var a = ['<object width="' + opts.width + '" height="' + opts.height + '" ']; for (var key in opts.attrs) a.push(key + '="'+opts.attrs[key]+'" '); for (var key in o.ieAttrs || {}) { var v = o.ieAttrs[key]; if (key == 'codebase' && window.location.protocol == 'https:') v = v.replace('http','https'); a.push(key + '="'+v+'" '); } a.push('></ob'+'ject'+'>'); var p = ['<param name="' + (o.oUrl || 'src') +'" value="' + opts.src + '">']; for (var key in opts.params) p.push('<param name="'+ key +'" value="' + opts.params[key] + '">'); var o = document.createElement(a.join('')); for (var i=0; i < p.length; i++) o.appendChild(document.createElement(p[i])); } else if (opts.standards) { // Rewritten to be standards compliant by Richard Connamacher var a = ['<object type="' + o.mimetype +'" width="' + opts.width + '" height="' + opts.height +'"']; if (opts.src) a.push(' data="' + opts.src + '" '); if ($.browser.msie) { for (var key in o.ieAttrs || {}) { var v = o.ieAttrs[key]; if (key == 'codebase' && window.location.protocol == 'https:') v = v.replace('http','https'); a.push(key + '="'+v+'" '); } } a.push('>'); a.push('<param name="' + (o.oUrl || 'src') +'" value="' + opts.src + '">'); for (var key in opts.params) { if (key == 'wmode' && player != 'flash') // FF3/Quicktime borks on wmode continue; a.push('<param name="'+ key +'" value="' + opts.params[key] + '">'); } // Alternate HTML a.push('<div><p><strong>'+o.title+' Required</strong></p><p>'+o.title+' is required to view this media. <a href="'+o.pluginspage+'">Download Here</a>.</p></div>'); a.push('</ob'+'ject'+'>'); } else { var a = ['<embed width="' + opts.width + '" height="' + opts.height + '" style="display:block"']; if (opts.src) a.push(' src="' + opts.src + '" '); for (var key in opts.attrs) a.push(key + '="'+opts.attrs[key]+'" '); for (var key in o.eAttrs || {}) a.push(key + '="'+o.eAttrs[key]+'" '); for (var key in opts.params) { if (key == 'wmode' && player != 'flash') // FF3/Quicktime borks on wmode continue; a.push(key + '="'+opts.params[key]+'" '); } a.push('></em'+'bed'+'>'); } // convert element to div var id = el.id ? (' id="'+el.id+'"') : ''; var cls = opts.cls ? (' class="' + opts.cls + '"') : ''; var $div = $('<div' + id + cls + '>'); $el.after($div).remove(); (lameIE || player == 'iframe' || player == 'img') ? $div.append(o) : $div.html(a.join('')); if (opts.caption) $('<div>').appendTo($div).html(opts.caption); return $div; }; })(jQuery);

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/jquery.swfobject.1-1-1.min.js.download

// jQuery SWFObject v1.1.1 MIT/GPL @jon_neal // http://jquery.thewikies.com/swfobject (function(f,h,i){function k(a,c){var b=(a[0]||0)-(c[0]||0);return b>0||!b&&a.length>0&&k(a.slice(1),c.slice(1))}function l(a){if(typeof a!=g)return a;var c=[],b="";for(var d in a){b=typeof a[d]==g?l(a[d]):[d,m?encodeURI(a[d]):a[d]].join("=");c.push(b)}return c.join("&")}function n(a){var c=[];for(var b in a)a[b]&&c.push([b,'="',a[b],'"'].join(""));return c.join(" ")}function o(a){var c=[];for(var b in a)c.push(['<param name="',b,'" value="',l(a[b]),'" />'].join(""));return c.join("")}var g="object",m=true;try{var j=i.description||function(){return(new i("ShockwaveFlash.ShockwaveFlash")).GetVariable("$version")}()}catch(p){j="Unavailable"}var e=j.match(/\d+/g)||[0];f[h]={available:e[0]>0,activeX:i&&!i.name,version:{original:j,array:e,string:e.join("."),major:parseInt(e[0],10)||0,minor:parseInt(e[1],10)||0,release:parseInt(e[2],10)||0},hasVersion:function(a){a=/string|number/.test(typeof a)?a.toString().split("."):/object/.test(typeof a)?[a.major,a.minor]:a||[0,0];return k(e,a)},encodeParams:true,expressInstall:"expressInstall.swf",expressInstallIsActive:false,create:function(a){if(!a.swf||this.expressInstallIsActive||!this.available&&!a.hasVersionFail)return false;if(!this.hasVersion(a.hasVersion||1)){this.expressInstallIsActive=true;if(typeof a.hasVersionFail=="function")if(!a.hasVersionFail.apply(a))return false;a={swf:a.expressInstall||this.expressInstall,height:137,width:214,flashvars:{MMredirectURL:location.href,MMplayerType:this.activeX?"ActiveX":"PlugIn",MMdoctitle:document.title.slice(0,47)+" - Flash Player Installation"}}}attrs={data:a.swf,type:"application/x-shockwave-flash",id:a.id||"flash_"+Math.floor(Math.random()*999999999),width:a.width||320,height:a.height||180,style:a.style||""};m=typeof a.useEncode!=="undefined"?a.useEncode:this.encodeParams;a.movie=a.swf;a.wmode=a.wmode||"opaque";delete a.fallback;delete a.hasVersion;delete a.hasVersionFail;delete a.height;delete a.id;delete a.swf;delete a.useEncode;delete a.width;var c=document.createElement("div");c.innerHTML=["<object ",n(attrs),">",o(a),"</object>"].join("");return c.firstChild}};f.fn[h]=function(a){var c=this.find(g).andSelf().filter(g);/string|object/.test(typeof a)&&this.each(function(){var b=f(this),d;a=typeof a==g?a:{swf:a};a.fallback=this;if(d=f[h].create(a)){b.children().remove();b.html(d)}});typeof a=="function"&&c.each(function(){var b=this;b.jsInteractionTimeoutMs=b.jsInteractionTimeoutMs||0;if(b.jsInteractionTimeoutMs<660)b.clientWidth||b.clientHeight?a.call(b):setTimeout(function(){f(b)[h](a)},b.jsInteractionTimeoutMs+66)});return c}})(jQuery,"flash",navigator.plugins["Shockwave Flash"]||window.ActiveXObject);

3b/sample presentation 3b_files/jquery-1.7.1.min.js.download

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