MILITARY
Suleiman the Magnificent aka Suleiman the Lawgiver
6 November 1494 – 6 September 1566
Who was he?
10th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
2nd Sultan-Caliph of the Ottoman Empire
Reign: 30 September 1520 – 6 September 1566 (~46 years)
Family:
Father: Selim I or Selim the Grim (Resolute) (ruled from 1512-1520)
Defeated the Safavids at the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514
Defeated the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt in 1517 (controlling Damascus, Mecca, and Medina)
Declared himself Caliph of Islam
Two primary concubines (wives) with 17 women in his harem
Favorite wife – Hurrem Sultan (also known as Roxelana) (m. 1533 or 1534) – first Haseki Sultan
8 sons, 5 daughters (executed 2 sons)
Succeeded by Selim II (son #6) (1524-1574) (ruled from 1566-1574)
What did he do?
Expanded the Empire
Consolidated the Laws
Dominated the Mediterranean Basin
1521 Siege of Belgrade
1522 Siege of Rhodes
1526 Battle of Mohács
1529 Siege of Vienna
1532-1555 Ottoman-Safavid War
1536 Franco-Ottoman Alliance established
1542-1546 Italian War (w/France vs HRE and England)
1548 Captured Aden
1565 Great Siege of Malta
1501 (1500-1502) - 1736
Twelver Shi’ism
Area Regularly in Dispute between Ottomans and Safavids
Modern Day Iraq
http://ballandalus.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/gunpowder-empires.gif
Version 4.0 (11 May 2015)
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Safavid Empire
Why should we care?
Why should we care?
Significance:
The longest reigning Ottoman Sultan.
Collected, condensed, and codified practical law to become the “Ottoman Law” lasting more than 300 years
Patron and contributor to the arts and poetry
Established a lasting political and military alliance with France
One of three “gunpowder empires” (Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal)
Controlled all Caliphal Capitals (Mecca, Damascus, Baghdad, Cairo, and Constantinople)
So What:
The apex of Ottoman dominance and empire
The Ottoman Turk was the boogeyman of Europe in the 1500s
So What?
Ottoman Ascendant
Turks take Constantinople 1453
Turks at the gates of Vienna 1529
Turks again at Vienna 1683
Europe Ascendant
France takes Algeria 1830
Britain in Egypt 1882
Britain takes Sudan 1898
What Happened?