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Work Breakdown Structure and Scope Statement
Kristie Lin
Colorado State University Global
PJM 500 Module 3 Critical Thinking
Dr. Melinda Hollingshed
2/28/21
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Work Breakdown Structure and Scope Statement
The scope statement and work breakdown structure are crucial components when
developing a project. Both the scope statement and work breakdown structure aim to outline the
entire project. The scope statement conveys what work needs to be accomplished and any
objectives that need to be achieved, whereas the work breakdown structure provides all of the
activities that must be carried out in order for the project to be completed. Nonetheless, a
combination of the scope statement and work breakdown structure can be utilized as the project
plan.
Scope Statement
The scope statement is typically developed by the project manager. In this statement, the
project manager provides the blueprint for the entire project. Part of the blueprint would include
but is not limited to these seven components, justification, scope description, business objectives,
project deliverables, project exclusions, constraints, and assumptions (Landau, 2019). When
developing the scope statement, the project manager could use several techniques to help define
the project scope. A common technique is through an interview process in which the project
manager interviews several people from managerial positions, such as the head of each
department in the hospital. From those interviews, the project manager can gather exactly what
details should be included in the scope statement.
Justification
For the justification component of the scope statement, the project manager must provide
rationalization on why the project should exist. By laying out why the project was initiated, it
gives the project a general direction that emphasizes on the benefits for the stakeholders and
investors (Duggan, n.d.). This is also where the project manager should identify the needs or
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goals of the organization, and how the project will help the organization meet that need or
achieve that goal (Landau, 2019). Examples of possible reasons to justify the project could
include a competitor that came out with a new product that currently has no competition in the
market, or through surveys, patients have started asking for new services (Landau, 2019).
Scope Description
The next component would be the scope description. Included in the scope description is
what is within the scope, as well as, what is outside of the scope (Landau, 2019). By doing so,
this provides the boundaries for the project (Landau, 2019). The scope description also helps
manage the stakeholders’ expectations so that there is smaller risk or chance of under-delivering.
Business Objectives
Within the project scope statement also includes the business objectives. These business
objectives should be goals that the organization hopes to achieve with the completion of the
project (Landau, 2019). Examples of business objectives could include any product launch goal
dates, increasing patient satisfaction, or increasing first-time patients (Landau, 2019).
Project Deliverables
The fourth component that should be included in the scope statement is the project
deliverables. The project deliverables list out what results the project team members need to
deliver in order to meet the business objectives (Landau, 2019). Project deliverables can be
tangible or intangible. Some tangible deliverables could include the product or service itself, an
increase in revenue, or increase in patient flow. Intangible deliverables can include an increase in
patient satisfaction, increase in employee productivity, or increase in employee knowledge.
Project Exclusions
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With larger projects, it is harder to comprehend whether or not some items or activities
should be included in the specific project (Roseke, 2020). This is where listing out project
exclusions play a role. By providing the project exclusions, it is made clear to all stakeholders
what is not included in the project. An example of project exclusion would be an application
update that is arranged to be executed with a later project. So it is deliberately excluded from this
specific project.
Constraints
Constraints of the project should also be included in the scope statement. Common
constraints of the project include time, money, and scope (Landau, 2019). With that said, there
can be other constraints such as resources, risks, organization, patients, and methods (Landau,
2019). By figuring out these constraints before the project actually starts production, the project
management team can try to resolve these constraints before they occur (Landau, 2019). Being
proactive and having solutions before these constraints appear will help the project run more
smoothly.
Assumptions
Any risks, dependencies, and assumptions should be listed to conclude the project scope
statement (Duggan, n.d.). Listing out assumptions such as, a certain team will receive training for
the new product or service by x amount of time, will help stakeholders comprehend what
primary resources are needed to complete the project (Landau, 2019). Simultaneously, listing out
assumptions can also help identify any risks or factors that could jeopardize the completion of
the project (Landau, 2019).
Work Breakdown Structure
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Work breakdown structure (WBS) basically deconstructs the project. The purpose of a
work breakdown structure is to identify all of the activities and events that need to be fulfilled in
order for the project to be successfully completed (Brotherton et al., 2008). There are several
techniques to create a work breakdown structure, and one of the most common techniques is the
top-down approach. With the top-down approach, activities are divided into more minor tasks.
Each one of these minor tasks must be completed in order for the project to conclude. As stated
before, depending on the type of project the work breakdown structure can be utilized as the
project plan. Just by developing the WBS, there is already a blueprint for the project that can be
further developed into a project plan (Brotherton et al., 2008).
Conclusion
Again, both the scope statement and work breakdown structure are crucial components
when trying to implement any project. Planning out and developing the blueprint to the project
will allow project managers to be proactive and identify any possible issues that may arise.
Knowing the issue beforehand and having a resolution for the issue will help make the project
run more smoothly and can prevent the failure of the project. These two components are also
important to convey to all stakeholders so that they know what to expect and when to expect it.
This keeps everyone’s expectations realistic and prevents unnecessary frustration or conflict.
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References
Brotherton, S. A., Fried, R. T., & Norman, E. S. (2008). Applying the work breakdown structure
to the project management lifecycle. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management
Institute.
Duggan, T. (n.d.). Components of project scope statement . Chron.
https://smallbusiness.chron.com/impact-statement-44106.html
Landau, P. (2019). Project scope statement: Include these 7 things . Project Manager.
https://www.projectmanager.com/blog/project-scope-statement
Roseke, B. (2020). How to write a project scope statement. Project Engineer.
https://www.projectengineer.net/how-to-write-a-project-scope-statement/
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