presentation
Assessment 2 of Colonisation of Australia IND 150
By: Adlu Rahman (s272352)
Charles Darwin University
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Adlu Rahman (AR) - Hi everyone, my name is Adlu Rahman. In this presentation I am going to talk little bit about colonization of Australia which we have been doing in ou last two assignments of this unit. In this unit we have already done a summary of a text about the colonsed point of view regarding colonization. Well, from my honest point of view colonization could be considered as two major events, first it was an attemp by the British people to set up a new colony as because they were struggling with high crime rates and were full with convicts. Thus they needed a new place to set up the colony. Secondly, it was an invasion. How? well we will discuss it very shortly.
The First Fleet
The first fleet consisted of 11 ships and around 1500 people who sailed from England to New South Wales.
Adlu Rahman (AR) - The First Fleet left England on 13th May 1787 for the ‘lands beyond the seas’ – Australia. The fleet arrived at Botany Bay between 18th and 20th January 1788. However, this area was deemed to be unsuitable for settlement so they moved north arriving at Port Jackson on the Australian East coast on 26 January 1788 after deciding that Botany Bay was not suited for a Settlement due its lack of fresh water – even though it had been recomended by Captain James Cook in 1770 as a possible location for a settlement. Botany Bay had other shortcomings as well, it was open to the sea, making it unsafe for the ships and Captain Arthur Phillip, the first Governor of the new colony, considered the soil around Botany Bay was poor for crop growing.
Discovery
Later on they came to know about the existence of indigenous people.
Adlu Rahman (AR) -
Adlu Rahman (AR) - After they settled in, and started to build up their colony they came to know aboout the exiscence of the Indigenous,also known as the aboriginals living on the same land. They had no idea about other people living on the land they've chosen. For Aboriginal people and, in this instance, the clans living on the northern shores of Sydney, nothing could have been further from the truth. What the early colonists never understood, and perhaps what many Australians are only now beginning to grasp, was that the Aboriginal lifestyle was based on total kinship with the natural environment. Wisdom and skills obtained over the millennia enabled them to use their environment to the maximum. For the Aboriginal people, acts such as killing animals for food or building a shelter were steeped in ritual and spirituality, and carried out in perfect balance with their surroundings.
Adlu Rahman (AR) - 'Terra Nullius' - meaning land belongs to no one. Although, the aborifines arrives here early but accoring to British law and rules they believe that they are not making use of the land, the are just roaming anround and completely wasting the use of this land, thus they decided to take over and deny the indigenous people of any kind of ownership of the land. So they were kicked out of the territory and forced to live far away from the society. Aboriginals were slowly sufferening because of the shortage of foods and they were left with no place left for hunting. As they had no idea about agricultural process or industrial process, they had no hope because they rely on land and the things it produces by itself.
Differences
*Culture
*Tradition
*Religion
*Language
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Adlu Rahman (AR) - From my perspective, I believe that indigenous and European people had differences but they could have overcome it. It seemed more like the British colonists never bothered about approaching towards aboriginals and try to sort out about what the expect from them. Culture, tradition, beliefs, religion and specially language were the key differences. This makes it hard for them to have communication. Due to the Age of Enlightenment- (age of reasons), colonists bellieved everything in scientific way trying to find out reasons behind the fact while aboriginals believed in pre colonial religious beliefs. They way they gain knowledge was different and most importantly the way they plan to lead their lives were different.
The Collision
Adlu Rahman (AR) - The expansion of British settlements, including the establishment of colonies in Van Diemen’s Land (Tasmania), Adelaide, Moreton Bay (Brisbane) and Port Phillip (Melbourne), resulted in competition over land and resources, and quickly lead to violence. Levels of frontier violence are hotly debated, but historical records do document numerous occasions on which Indigenous people were hunted and brutally murdered. Massacres of Indigenous people often took the form of mass shootings or driving groups of people off cliffs. There are also numerous accounts of colonists offering Indigenous people food laced with arsenic and other poisons. It is estimated that at least 20,000 Aboriginal people were killed as a direct result of colonial violence during this era of shared Australian history. Between 2,000- 2,500 settler deaths resulted from frontier conflict during the same period.
Adlu Rahman (AR) - Other than that there were many other important factors which destroyed the aboriginal culture, such as, Assimilation, The Stolen Generation, Protection Policy etc. But overall if we look it can be said that civilization has caused more harm than good for the aboriginal people and culture. But I want to conclude by ending this presentation on a positive note that, after all the tough battle indigenous people did get their well deserved right as citizens of this country. Also, the got to know more about westerner's lifestyle which has many goods to bring in their life. They now know how to live by themselves as a society and be a part of a progress of the country but the sacrifices they have made should never be forgotten.
References-
White, S. (2012). FamilyHistory4u: First Fleet Memorial Gardens - Wallabadah NSW. Sharnsgenealogyhints.blogspot.com.au. Retrieved 26 April 2016, from http://sharnsgenealogyhints.blogspot.com.au/2012/02/first-fleet-memorial-gardens-wallabadah.html
Indigenous Australian art. (2016). Wikipedia. Retrieved 26 April 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_Australian_art
Mabo. (2016). Haikudeck.com. Retrieved 26 April 2016, from https://www.haikudeck.com/mabo-education-presentation-t8wdFkB5e2
Aboriginal culture pictures | danasria.top. (2016). Danasria.top. Retrieved 26 April 2016, from http://www.danasria.top/aboriginal-culture-pictures/
Historians say the Australian War Memorial should recognise frontier conflicts. (2016). NewsComAu. Retrieved 26 April 2016, from http://www.news.com.au/national/historians-say-the-australian-war-memorial-should-recognise-frontier-conflicts/story-fncynjr2-1226733223666
Aboriginal flag. (2015). Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. Retrieved 26 April 2016, from http://aiatsis.gov.au/explore/articles/aboriginal-flag