Article Summary

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Article Summary

Loren Domingo-Tangco

Grand Canyon University

UNV 503: Introduction to Graduate Studies in the Liberal Arts

Instructor Neel

Running head: ASSIGNMENT TITLE HERE

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December 2, 2020

Article Summary Comment by Lisa Konow: Title goes here and is not bolded. Use the same order as in the article itself. The order of the main points goes as follows: research problem, questions, method, findings, and implications discussed by the authors.

The article to be summarized is “The Teaching of Crisis Counseling Skills to Pediatric Residents: A One Year Study” by Jewett et al. (1982). According to Jewett et al. (1982), the advancement of health technology has allowed an attitude shift on the part of the medical doctor from one of understanding and compassion to a more mechanized delivery of information. This article summary regards the need for interning pediatricians to have formalized training for interpersonal and counseling skills when delivering traumatic news such as a cancer diagnosis of the child to the parents. The essence of this training needs to include the psychosocial impact of this type of news on the family unit. In the past, most training has been surrounding the medical model, which is diagnostic in nature. Comment by Lisa Konow: APA guidelines have a requirement to indent all paragraphs 5-7 spaces and remain consistent throughout your paper. A commonly accepted practice is indenting ½ inch, but you should always check with your instructor. Comment by Lisa Konow: Use et al. in every citation of sources with three or more authors, unless more author names are needed to differentiate between sources. (Nazzal et al., 2020)  (Johnson, Peterson, et al., 2019) (Johnson, McGuire, et al., 2019) Comment by Lisa Konow: Provide a brief synopsis of the article using both your discernment and references from the author(s). Avoid including the literature review. In a summary you only should be referencing only the authors of the article. Make sure to focus on what the authors conducted their experiment on and do not include your opinion or personal experience.

Research Problem and Questions Comment by Lisa Konow: A Level 1 heading should be centered, bolded, and uppercase and lower case (also referred to as title case).

Jewett et al. (1982) posed several questions. They included how to provide critical information to parents in the interviewing process, allow coaching to take place, and give feedback to the residents in training regarding their interpersonal and communication skills and how to increase effectiveness when giving crisis information to the parents. Finally, questions were generated to evaluate the program’s success in improving these skills by the residents. Comment by Lisa Konow: APA demands that your reader knows exactly what information you got from someone else and when you start using it. Thus, an end-of-paragraph citation does not meet that requirement.  Solution:  Use a lead-in at the beginning of your paragraph. of the source you are summarizing or paraphrasing at the beginning of the paragraph and then refer back to the source when needed to ensure your reader understands you are still using the same source.  Here are some examples of how the author/date citation method is formatted within different parts of a sentence. Please note the author, publication date, and study are entirely fictional (see APA, p.174). Beginning of a sentence: Jones (2009) completed a study on the effects of dark chocolate on heart disease. Middle of a sentence: In 2009, Jones's study on the effects of dark chocolate and heart disease revealed... Comment by Lisa Konow: Write in first- and second-person sparingly, if ever. This means, avoid using I, we, and you; instead, use he, she, and they.

Methods Comment by Lisa Konow: Make sure to specifically state the methodology that was used in the research study. Briefly describe the methods (design, participants, materials, procedure, what was manipulated [independent variables], what was measured [dependent variables], how data were analyzed.

Jewett et al. (1982) gave participants an overview of the program and were also provided with three training parts. The sessions were instructional by nature, whereas the residents were involved with trained professionals and did not experience parents who were actually in crisis. All training sessions were approximately one hour and a half long, and the first portion was videotaped. During these sessions, each resident interviewed the parent, completed a checklist of self-assessment in what is considered critical information to be provided to a parent in this type of situation, and sat with their parent to review the simulation. Additionally, each surrogate parent finished two check sheets regarding their thoughts on the experience and the clearness of information provided by the resident. The last portion of training for the residents consisted of an evaluation process where both the resident and the parent reviewed the efficiency of the meeting and the objectives of the training, as well as strengths and improvements. Comment by Lisa Konow: As a reminder, the use of quotations implies that you are using a direct quote. As a graduate student, you should not use them at all. They are problematic because (a) meaning can be altered when authors’ words are taken out of context; (b) another author’s writing style may not fit the writing style of your paper; (c) direct quotes give no indication that you understand the source, nor does it help the reader understand the source; (d) direct quotes can be distracting to the reader and break the flow of your paper. Comment by Lisa Konow: In formal writing, avoid the use of contractions and spell out each of the contracted words. Eg. Can’t become cannot, shouldn’t become should not, etc.

Findings

The results of the study categorized four sections, including information provided to parents, clearness in furnishing information, interpersonal skills including more effective listening skills, and the trainee’s thoughts on the program. Based on the data, all four areas reported improvement overall. In the area of interpersonal skills, the skill level continued to improve three weeks after the initial interview (Jewett et al, 1982). The outcome also suggested that all residents found the program to be not only useful but also pertinent to the patient-doctor relationship.

Implications Comment by Lisa Konow: Research implications suggest how the findings may be important for policy, practice, theory, and subsequent research. Research implications are basically the conclusions that you draw from your results and explain how the findings may be important for policy, practice, or theory. However, the implications need to be substantiated by evidence and the study's parameters need to be explained and the limitations taken into account to avoid over-generalization of results. Avoid overstating the importance of the findings.

This study purported that training of pediatric residents, in a hematology/oncology rotation, towards the efforts of providing critical information to parents of patients in crisis was an effective program. It was identified that these residents experienced increased interpersonal skills in providing said information and that one of the primary recognizing factors was the skill of listening. However, in the context of writing journal articles, it would be sound to encourage continued study as a part of the discussion. Comment by Lisa Konow: Use past tense in reviews. For example, one should use indicated rather than indicates.

References Comment by Lisa Konow: APA style dictates that authors are named last name followed by initials; publication year goes between parentheses, followed by a period. The title of the article is in sentence-case, meaning only the first word and proper nouns in the title are capitalized. The periodical title is run in title case, and is followed by the volume number, which, with the title, is also italicized. If a DOI has been assigned to the article that you are using, you should include this after the page numbers for the article. If no DOI has been assigned and you are accessing the periodical online, use the URL of the website from which you are retrieving the periodical

Jewett, L.S., Greenberg, L.W., Champion, L. A. A., Gluc, R. S., Leikin, S. L., Altieri, M. F., & Lipnick, R. N. (1982). The teaching of crisis counseling skills to pediatric residents: A one-year study. Pediatrics, 70(6) 907-912. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/70/6/907 Comment by Lisa Konow: The Reference page should be formatted as a hanging indent and left justified. The title, References, should be centered at the top of the page. To create the hanging indent format: go to your paragraph settings in the format section of Word. Click on the “Special” dropdown menu in the Indentation area and select “Hanging.” The indent is automatically set at ½ inch. See the Writing Center or my examples for various illustrations. Also, see the APA Publication Manual for the correct formatting.

( This is an example of a database article such as what the article you are summarizing came from, or you can also use the Digital object identifier number which can be found in the abstract of the article under the author’s names if there is one. This particular example does not contain a DOI number; however you can look at the Nagel reference example which includes one for you ) Comment by Lisa Konow: A digital object identifier (doi) is a series of numbers and characters assigned permanently to any entity – for instance, a journal article – for use on digital networks, and it generally appears somewhere toward the end of an item record in a database. Use DOI with https://doi.org.   Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24(2), 225-229. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225