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APA STYLE – 7th EDITION For more, visit https://library.surry.edu/apa or consult a librarian or instructor.

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IN-TEXT CITATIONS APA Style usually uses the author-date method of citing in-text. This means the author's last name and year of publication are the two elements to put in the paper text. In-text citations in APA style can have two formats: parenthetical and narrative. Parenthetical Citation: In parentheses, put the author and date, separated by a comma and a single space. This usually goes at the end of a sentence. For example:

Falsely balanced news coverage can distort the public’s perception of expert consensus on an issue (Walker, 2019).

Narrative Citation: The author appears in your text narrative and the date goes in parentheses directly after.

Walker (2019) noted many of the dangers of falsely balanced news coverage. Direct Quotation: You must place quotation marks around quotes pulled directly from sources, and you must cite a page number or other specific part of the source (see bottom of this page):

“The survey found that more than 65% of participants believe the news they consume is mostly unbiased” (Walker, 2019, p. 35).

Basic In-Text Citation Styles:

Author type Parenthetical citation Narrative citation One author (Phillips, 2020) Phillips (2020) Two authors (Martin & Hollins, 2020) Martin and Hollins (2020) Three or more authors (Thompson et al., 2020) Thompson et al. (2020) Group author (Stanford University, 2020) Stanford University (2020) No date (Baker, n.d.) Baker (n.d.)

Citing Specific Parts of a Source: If you cite a specific part of a source (such as a direct quotation or image) in your paper, you must provide information to direct your reader to the specific part. Some examples:

(Jones, 2017, pp. 32-34) (Moss & Holt, 2018, para. 5) (Patterson, 2019, Table 1) (Young, 2020, Slide 7)

APA STYLE – 7th EDITION For more, visit https://library.surry.edu/apa or consult a librarian or instructor.

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REFERENCE LIST EXAMPLES PRINTED SOURCES 1. Books (author) Robinson, D. N. (2019). Rethinking global health: Frameworks of power.

Academic Press.

Blevins, L., & Guarino, D. (2020). The complete American dictionary of first

names. UNC Press.

Johnson, R., Sloan, T., & Liston, O. (2017). The Oxford dictionary of the

Christian church. Oxford University Press.

2. Books (editors)

Smith, P. (Ed.). (2018). The Oxford dictionary of the Spanish language.

Oxford University Press.

Ferguson, R., Smith, P., & Livingstone, E. (Eds.). (2019). The new dictionary

of the African continent. UNC Press.

3. Book chapter

O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (2018). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor

for healing, transition, and transformation. In B.R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues

across the life cycle (pp. 107‐123). Duke University Press.

4. Work in an anthology or collection of works by different authors:

Taylor, K. (2019). Group dynamics and social deviance. In M. Godin (Ed.), The

complete social scientist: A Kurt Lewin reader (pp. 265-284). American

Psychological Association.

APA STYLE – 7th EDITION For more, visit https://library.surry.edu/apa or consult a librarian or instructor.

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5. Newspaper article (Print)

Schwartz, J. (2016, September 30). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, C1.

6. Magazine article (Print) Rothbart, D. (2018, October). How I caught up with dad. Men's Health, 108-113. 7. Journal article (Print) Harlow, H. F. (2017). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of

Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55(10), 893-896. Nevin, A., Rettig, T. A., & Huesman, R. (2010). The changing of teacher education special education. Teacher Education and Special Education, 13(4), 147-148. 8. TV series or episode Davis, I. M. (Director). (2002-2008). The wire [TV series]. Home Box Office. Buckley, L. (Director). (2019, February 17). Lemons (Season 3, Episode 2) [TV series episode]. In L. Buckley, J. Dobbins, & R. Mauldin (Executive Producers), Black-ish. Wilmore Films; ABC Studios. 9. Film or Video Tarantino, Q. (Director). (1994). Pulp fiction [Film]. Miramax.

APA STYLE – 7th EDITION For more, visit https://library.surry.edu/apa or consult a librarian or instructor.

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ONLINE SOURCES

10. E-book from a library database APA 7th edition states: “Do not include database name or database URL.” When available, place the e-book DOI (digital object identifier) at the end of your database e-book citation.

Roussopoulous. D. I., & Smith, K. P. (2017). The new left: Legacy and continuity. Black

Rose Books.

Schiraldi, G. R. (2018). The post-traumatic stress disorder sourcebook: A guide to healing, recovery, and growth. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000

11. E-book from a website (non-database) Johnson, T. (2016). The Oxford encyclopedia of penguins. Firefly Books.

https://googlebooks.com/newbooksofpenguins

12. Journal article from a library database

APA 7th edition states: “Do not include database name or database URL.” When available, place the article DOI (digital object identifier) at the end of your database article citation.

Herbst‐Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2015). Volunteer support, marital status, and the

survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24(5), 225‐229.

https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

Keanan, M. H. (2017). Therapeutic diet order writing: Current issues and

considerations. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 22(1), 28‐36.

13. Journal article from a website (non-database) Clay, R. (2008, June 18). Science vs. ideology: Psychologists fight back about the

misuse of research. Monitor on Psychology, 39(6). https://www.apa.org/monitor

APA STYLE – 7th EDITION For more, visit https://library.surry.edu/apa or consult a librarian or instructor.

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14. Web Page Simmons, B. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Grantland. https://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos Smith, J., & Rice, R. (2019, March) Teen posed as doctor at West Palm Beach hospital. NBC 6 News. https://www.nbcmiami.com/teen-posed-as-doctor What exactly is alternative medicine? (n.d.). WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/balance/guide/what-is-alternative-medicine 15. Wikipedia entry List of Academy Award-winning films. (2020, January 2). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/title=List_of_Academy_Award-winning_films 16. Email or interivew E-mails and interviews are not included on the References page, but you should cite them in-text:

Registered nurses in North Carolina are usually required to have a bachelor’s degree and may be asked to re-locate or change job responsibilities frequently (E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2020).

17. Image on a website Emery, A. (2016). Flamingo [Photograph]. https://unsplash.com/photo=flamingo Harris, T. D. (1930). The sleeping gypsy [Painting]. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA, United States. https://www.pma.org/sleepinggypsy Roseman, P., & Hill, Q. (2019). How the library impacts student success [Infographic]. American Library Association. https://ala.org/info/library-success

APA STYLE – 7th EDITION For more, visit https://library.surry.edu/apa or consult a librarian or instructor.

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18. Twitter profile or tweet APA Style [@APA_Style]. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter profile]. Twitter. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://twitter.com/APA_Style Trump, D. [@realDonaldTrump]. (2017, January 3). I will be having a general news conference on JANUARY ELEVENTH in N.Y.C. Thank you [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/816433590892429312 19. Facebook page or post The North Carolina Zoological Society. (n.d.). Home [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved December 22, 2019, from https://facebook.com/nczs National Public Radio. (2019, November 22). Screen time may contribute to depression, new study claims [Status update]. Facebook. https://facebook.com/npr-screen 20. Instagram photo/video National Geographic [@natgeo]. (2019, March 28). Photo of the Bering Sea [Photograph]. Instagram. https://instagram.com/p/BqpHpjFBs3a 21. Podcast or podcast episode Gladwell, M. (Host). (2017, December 19). Revisionist history [Audio podcast].

https://www.shrinkrapradio.com/ Reed, B. (Host). (2017, March 27). Has anybody called you? (No. 3) [Audio podcast episode]. In S-Town. Serial Productions. https://stownpodcast.org/ 22. YouTube or video on a website Norton, R. (2016, November 4). How to train a cat to operate a light switch [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vja83KLQXZs

APA STYLE – 7th EDITION For more, visit https://library.surry.edu/apa or consult a librarian or instructor.

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BrightPhoton. (2018, July 26). Electric-car [Video]. Vimeo.

https://vimeo.com/281795524 23. TED Talk Vanderkam, Laura. (2018, April). How to gain control of your free time [Video]. TED Conferences. https://ted.com/talks/vanderkam-laura-gain-control 24. Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime, etc.

Kang, K. (Writer), & Fryman, P. (Director). (2006). Slap bet [Television series

episode]. In Bays, C. (Executive Producer), How I met your mother [Video].

Hulu. https://hulu.com/how-i-met-your-mother

Kohler, W., Davidson, K., Knopfler, W, & DiCaprio, L. (Producers), & Ladkani, R.,

Davidson, K. (Directors). (2016). The ivory game [Video]. Netflix.

https://netflix.com/the-ivory-game

25. Mobile App

Skyscape. (2019). Skyscape medical resources (Version 1.17.42) [Mobile

app]. App Store. https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/skyscape

26. Entry in a mobile app

Skyscape. (2019). Diabetes in the elderly. In Skyscape medical resources (Version

1.17.42) [Mobile app]. Google Play Store. https://play.google.com/skyscape

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Sample Papers • 61

Sample Student Paper

paper title, 2.4, 2.27, Table 2.1, Figure 2.4

parenthetical citation of a work with two

authors, 8.17

parenthetical citation of a work with one

author, 8.17

group author, 9.11

use of first person, 4.16

italics to highlight a key term, 6.22

narrative citation in parenthetical running

text, 8.11

repeated citation needed, 8.1

student title page, 2.3

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62 • PAPER ELEMENTS AND FORMAT

Sample Student Paper (continued)

Level 1 heading, 2.27, Table 2.3, Figure 2.5

Level 2 heading, 2.27, Table 2.3, Figure 2.5

Level 2 heading, 2.27, Table 2.3, Figure 2.5

lettered list, 6.50

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“for more” citation, 8.11

secondary source citation, 8.6

narrative citation with the year in the

narrative, 8.11

short quotation, 8.25, 8.26

"et al." citations for works with three or more authors, 8.17

Level 1 heading, 2.27, Table 2.3, Figure 2.5

Level 2 heading, 2.27, Table 2.3, Figure 2.5

repeated narrative citation with the year omitted, 8.16

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Sample Student Paper (continued)

long paraphrase, 8.24

time abbreviation, 6.28

Level 1 heading, 2.27, Table 2.3, Figure 2.5

narrative citation, 8.11; paraphrasing, 8.23

block quotation, 8.25, 8.27

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Sample Papers • 65

Sample Student Paper (continued)

“see also” citation, 8.12

Level 2 heading, 2.27, Table 2.3, Figure 2.5

personal communication, 8.9

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Sample Student Paper (continued)

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journal article reference, 10.1

YouTube video reference, 10.12

short URL, 9.36

book reference, 10.2

report reference, 10.4

blog post reference, 10.1

conference presentation reference, 10.5

edited book chapter reference, 10.3

shortDOI, 9.36

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Sample Papers • 67

doctoral dissertation reference, 10.6

shortDOI, 9.36

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