Bibliography
Wright 1
Kendron Wright
Professor Angela Taylor
ENGL 1301-51018
11/22/20
Research Question: Should America offer its citizens universal healthcare?
Thesis Statement: Access to efficient and effective healthcare—regardless of one’s ability to
pay, is a necessity; therefore, universal healthcare should be a fundamental human right.
Annotated Bibliography
Abrams, Abigail, and Charlotte Alter. “Trump Is Trying to End Obamacare in the Middle of a
Pandemic. That’s a Huge Gift to Biden.” Time.Com, June 2020, p. N.PAG. Accessed 22
Nov. 2020.
In this article, “Trump Is Trying to End Obamacare in the Middle of a Pandemic. That’s a
Huge Gift to Biden.”, clarifies without the Affordable Care Act (ACA), less individuals would
be qualified for insurance through Medicaid. In addition to low and middle-income families who
rely heavily on Obamacare battling to purchase protection, assurances for those with pre-existing
conditions would vanish as well. Moreover, the overturn of ACA would rid companies of the
responsibility of selling insurance to those who need it and charging the same cost to anyone
with similar insurance regardless of the circumstances. Disassembling the law would increase
racial disparity and make it harder for individuals to get coverage at a time when COVID-19 is
disproportionately affecting Black and Latino Americans and leaving thousands with possibly
enduring unattended issues.
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Brownson, Ross C., et al. “Reimagining Public Health in the Aftermath of a Pandemic.”
American Journal of Public Health, vol. 110, no. 11, Nov. 2020, pp. 1605–1610.
Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.
The article “Reimagining Public Health in the Aftermath of a Pandemic” informs readers
on how the stresses of the pandemic surrounding COVID-19 has created an extreme demand for
a reinvented public healthcare system. The poor, chronically ill, and minorities—who are already
under or uninsured, are disproportionately subject to the dangers of COVID-19. Brownson states
that the pandemic has emphasized the lack of proper healthcare, which is caused by the lack of
accessibility to accurate scientific information and public health investments. The author states
the reinvention of the public health system will rely heavily on great leadership and political will.
"Preface to 'What Are the Causes of Poverty in America?'." Poverty, edited by Karen Balkin,
Greenhaven Press, 2004. Opposing Viewpoints. Gale in Context: Opposing Viewpoints.
Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.
In the article, “Preface to ‘What Are the Causes of Poverty in America?’”, Karen Balkin
explains the cause and effect of many poor families who cannot afford healthcare and those who
need more assistance. Balkin believes that with millions of Americans lacking healthcare
insurance, healthcare issues will worsen the rate of poverty in America. Balkin argues that lack
of health insurance results in paying for expensive hospital services that these individuals simply
cannot afford. In conclusion, Balkin weighs in on the lack of affordable healthcare and its impact
on poor families.
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Rosenbloom, David. “The Precarious Path to Universal Health Coverage.” Human Rights, vol.
45, no. 4, Oct. 2020, pp. 10–12. EBSCOhost. Accessed 22 Nov. 2020
In his article, “The Precarious Path to Universal Health Coverage.”, David Rosenbloom
explains that over 100-years of attempts to widespread universal health care in America appears
to be simpler said than done. The author points out that many healthy and wealthy people argue
that they pay for the medical care of the sick and poor resulting in a distribution of wealth.
Furthermore, when caring for patients with Medicare and Medicaid, hospitals already lose
money or barely break even. However, hospitals make up for these loses with employer-
sponsored insurance. This article discusses the controversy surrounding universal healthcare, as
well as offer solutions to challenges surrounding such reform.
Roszak, Dennis J. “Most Uninsured Americans Do Not Know Where to Go for Lowest Cost
Health Care, HSC Researchers Find.” H&HN: Hospitals & Health Networks, vol. 79, no.
2, Feb. 2005, pp. 76–78. Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.
In this article, “Most Uninsured Americans Do Not Know Where to Go for Lowest Cost
Health Care, HSC Researchers Find.”, Dennis J. Roszak sheds awareness that rates of
inequalities as it concerns to relying on safety net providers as primary care amongst uninsured
people are higher in racial and ethnic communities more than the white community. More than
half of uninsured Blacks and Latinos were aware of a safety net provider as compared to 1 out of
10 whites partially due to their likelihood of having a lower average income. Although 45
percent of these individuals identified physician offices and clinics as safety net providers,
approximately 8 percent of uninsured Americans still referred to hospital emergency rooms as a
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safety net. As the title suggest, this article not only speaks to the unawareness of where to find
affordable healthcare, but the need of affordable healthcare.
“The Singapore Healthcare System: An Overview.” Affordable Excellence: The Singapore
Health System, by William A. Haseltine, Brookings Institution Press, 2013, pp. 1
15. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.7864/j.ctt6wpcs5.6. Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.
In this article, “The Singapore Healthcare System,” William A. Haseltine discusses the
benefits of universal healthcare as exhibited in the country of Singapore. The author explains that
risen health standards of the nation and the building of the care system were a result of economic
gains, which suggest that universal healthcare and a good economy can coexist. With risen health
standards, citizens benefit from a government that promotes fairness and well-being for all—
ultimately promoting social harmony. Furthermore, with universal healthcare, the life expectancy
of citizen of Singapore has increased.