Evolution of a Place Called the Ghetto

How has the definition of the ghetto changed over time?

What observations did Horace Cayton and St. Clair Drake make from their research of Chicago’s ghettos?

How did Kenneth Clark break new ground in his research on the ghetto?

How is William J Wilson’s approach different from Clark’s and Cayton’s?

What is the danger, if any, of defining a ghetto “without reference to either race or power,” as Duneier argues in reference to Wilson’s research? Why does the idea’s history in Europe and America no longer seem relevant without the connection to race and power?

Is it realistic to think that poor people by themselves can create opportunities that transform their communities? Why?