Assignment 2

Student’s Name

Professor’s Name

CRN:

Group No.

A. Thesis

Urban areas are significantly affected by air pollution on the premise of Health Implications,

Damage to the Environment, and Regulations.

B. Full-Sentence Outline

a. Air pollution in urban area has many health consequences i. Air pollution affects the respiratory system.

1. Respiratory diseases have become more common as air pollution has gotten worse (D’Amato 2002).

2. There have been several studies that have shown the effect air pollution has on the respiratory system (Almetwally 2020).

ii. Air pollution also causes other common illnesses. 1. There are many respiratory diseases that can come from air

pollution such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer (Almetwally

2020).

2. Pulmonary embolisms were shown to be caused by weather and air pollution in a study done in Tunisia to see how weather and air

pollution can be negative for the environment (Imène 2020).

b. Air Pollution Prevention measures help reduce the negative consequences. i. Slowing the spread of air pollution can reduce the number of people

affected.

1. There was a study done showing how people get affected by air pollution, this will try to narrow down to give more in depth on

how to prevent it (Da Schio 2020).

2. In the homes and indoors there can still be a factor of air pollution, so keeping that area clear can slow down the effects of air

pollution (Schwela 2000).

ii. Awareness can reduce the exposure to pollution. 1. Air pollution can affect the produce in many parts of Urban Cities.

If Urban Gardens are put together it can help stop the air pollution

from affecting the produce. (Amato 2017).

2. Studies like the one about personal exposure will bring attention to the subject of air pollution and what contributes to the increase in it

(Da Schio 2020).

C. ODU Library’s -Keyword Title search

1. Search Terms

- Air Pollution

- Urban Areas

- Pollution effects

- Urban Area Pollution

- Pollution and Health

- Pollution Prevention,

2. Rejected Books

- Müezzinoglu, A., & Bach, M. (1992). Industrial Air Pollution [electronic Resource]

Assessment and Control. Air pollution where there is a lot of industrial work happening

can lead to more pollution than in other areas, due to the chemicals and elements being

put off into the air. The quality y is high based on the information given, but the

relevance is not there for the thesis.

- Mukhopadhyay, A. (1970). Air pollution by automotive source in urban centres, with

reference to Athens metropolitan area. (ACE publication series. Research report no. 8).

Athens: Athens Technological Organization. Air Pollution can happen in a place with a

lot of traffic and vehicles. There are many ways that it can be changed and put a halt to

more pollution.

This book discusses particulate matter and other chemical elements releasing into the

air from industries and vehicles. This article mainly focuses on methods and techniques

to measure the pollution.

Since the focus of our thesis is on the effects of air pollution on the public in the urban

areas, it does not fit well with the topics on the thesis though.

D. Journal Database-Search #1

1. Specific Journal Database :

Environment Complete

2. Subject Headings:

Metropolitan Areas

Regression analysis

Boundary Layer

3. Search Terminology

a. Initial keyword search: Air Pollution and Urban Areas

-Narrowed by these subject headings: Metropolitan Areas

b. Second keyword search done: Air Pollution and prevention

-Narrowed by these subject headings: Air Pollution emission prevention

4. Accepted article

Amato-Lourenco, L. F., Lobo, D. J. A., Guimarães, E. T., Moreira, T. C. L., Carvalho-

Oliveira, R., Saiki, M., Saldiva, P. H. N., & Mauad, T. (2017). Biomonitoring of genotoxic

effects and elemental accumulation derived from air pollution in community urban

gardens. Science of the Total Environment, 575, 1438–1444. https://doi-

org.proxy.lib.odu.edu/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.221.

This goes over the idea of Urban Gardens and how it effects its community with air

pollution. Caution must be taken to make sure the plants grow without being affected

by the pollution. A big issue urban cities have is safe produce production due to the

environment and the pollution.

Article explains the effects of urban pollution in detail. Also discusses the excellent work

done by other researchers in this field. This article builds on the previously reported

work and enhances the understanding of effects of air pollution and the measures

needed to reduce its effects.

The source was about to give me an understanding of how people have to struggle to

get things they need; this brings more issues of pollution to life. This goes with the

thesis

in the sense of it is an issue because of air pollution.

E. Journal Database Search #2

1. Specific Journal Database :

Environmental Science Index

2. Subject Headings:

Climate Change

Environmental Education

Environmental Health

3. Search Terminology

a. Initial keyword search: Air Pollution Prevention

-Narrowed by these subject headings: Pollution Control, emissions

b. Second keyword search done: Air Pollution In Urban Areas

-Narrowed by these subject headings: Air Pollution

4. Rejected article

De Oliveira, R. H., Carneiro, C. de C., de Almeida, F. G. V., de Oliveira, B. M., Nunes, E.

H. M., & dos Santos, A. S. (2019). Multivariate air pollution classification in urban

areas using mobile sensors and self-organizing maps. International Journal of

Environmental Science & Technology (IJEST), 16(10), 5475–5488.

https://doiorg.proxy.lib.odu.edu/10.1007/s13762-018-2060-9.

Using different types of data and censors the data shows how to find out the severity of

air pollution through classifications. There are many different indicators to find the

classifications. A high time for air pollution during traffic hours due to the increase in

vehicle usage.

The main focus of this article is about classifying urban locations through a

computational technique, self-organizing maps. Four air pollutants: carbon monoxide

(CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) are taken as

parameters to classify urban locations for pollutant concentrations.

This article focuses on computational methods to identify geographical locations

of air pollution, but not the effects of air pollution on people. Hence, this source is not

very useful for our topic of research.

F. Google Scholar-Search

1. Search Terminology

Air pollution in Urban areas

Pollution Spread

Air Pollution

2. Full text of the article through Google Scholar is not available. Couldn’t find it in ODU

libraries either. Utilized ODU interlibrary loan facility to access the full text.

3.Accepted Article

D'Amato, G., Liccardi, G., D'Amato, M., & Cazzola, M. (2002). Respiratory

allergic diseases induced by outdoor air pollution in urban areas. Monaldi

archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace, 57(3-

4), 161–163. Respiratory diseases are common with air pollution and have been

becoming more common with the increase. There are many illnesses that can be

contracted from air pollution and there needs to be some prevention before it gets

worse.

This article discusses the effects of air pollution on human health in detail.

Source also provides evidence that shows an increase in atmospheric

concentrations of pollutants such as ozone (O3), oxides of nitrogen (NOX),

particulate matter (PM10), and volatile organic chemicals (VOC5). Also

discusses clearly how this linked to respiratory diseases such as bronchial

asthma and other health issues in the urban areas of developed countries.

The information from this source is perfectly suitable for our thesis because the

focus of our topic is to discuss negative effects of air pollution in the urban areas.

References

Almetwally, A. A., Bin-Jumah, M., & Allam, A. A. (2020). Ambient air pollution and its influence on

human health and welfare: An overview. Environmental Science and Pollution Research

International, 27(20), 24815-24830. doi:http://dx.doi.org.proxy.lib.odu.edu/10.1007/s11356-

020-09042-2.

Amato-Lourenco, L. F., Lobo, D. J. A., Guimarães, E. T., Moreira, T. C. L., Carvalho-Oliveira, R., Saiki, M.,

Saldiva, P. H. N., & Mauad, T. (2017). Biomonitoring of genotoxic effects and elemental

accumulation derived from air pollution in community urban gardens. Science of the Total

Environment, 575, 1438–1444. https://doi-

org.proxy.lib.odu.edu/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.221

D'Amato, G., Liccardi, G., D'Amato, M., & Cazzola, M. (2002). Respiratory allergic diseases

induced by outdoor air pollution in urban areas. Monaldi archives for chest disease =

Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace, 57(3-4), 161–163.

Da Schio, N. (2020). Self-Portraits of Personal Exposure to Air Pollution: on where and when People Are

Exposed, and on why it Is Difficult to Avoid. Human Ecology: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 48(4),

465–479. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.odu.edu/10.1007/s10745-020-00176-y.

Imène, K., Mohamed, K., Meriam, H., Haifa, A., Maher, M., Mohamed, A., . . . Nejb, M. (2020). Influence of weather and air pollution on the occurrence of idiopathic pulmonary embolism in the region of sousse (tunisia). Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(30), 37660- 37667.

Schwela , D. (2000). Air Pollution and Health in Urban Areas, Reviews on Environmental Health, 15(1-2),

13-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/REVEH.2000.15.1-2.13.