Business Finance - Management Assignment 8: Village of Typical, New York – Summer Street Maintenance Service Performance Management

9-14-17VILLAGEOFTYPICALPMIREPORT.pdf

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8/2/2017

Cornell Local Roads Program

Summer 2017

Robert Schumacher and George DeWitt

Dutchess County Department of Public Works:

Engineering Division

626 Dutchess Turnpike

Poughkeepsie, NY 12603

Village of Typical

As part of Dutchess County’s initiative to evaluate all of its Local Highway Inventory, the

roads within your municipality have been surveyed. An Excel Spreadsheet containing this data

has been attached as well as an overview of the survey process and project parameters, and an

analysis of your road data.

Each road has a Road Identification Number (RIN) which is that road’s New York State

issued DOT ID followed by a dash and its section number. The sections are generally broken up

by intersections, jurisdiction lines, or pavement change. Road sections are numbered from the

beginning to the end of the road, not restarting when changing municipality. Some sections of

road have been updated with new data as to where sections begin and end, or surface type

changes. This was typically caused by incorrect New York State data, or the paving of dirt and

concrete roads. In some municipalities, there were public roads or sections of roads that

existed but were not listed in the New York State’s Local Highway Inventory (NYSLHI). These

roads were given a unique RIN ranging from 1-98 as opposed to the typical 6 digit RIN provided

by the NYSLHI.

Each section of road is rated on severity and frequency of alligator cracks, longitudinal

and transverse cracks, rutting, edge cracking, severity of bleeding and raveling, drainage issues,

roughness, and frequency of potholes or poor patching. These factors are what give each road

section a Pavement Condition Index (PCI). All roads have been rated on the same criteria so

these PCIs were obtained fairly and objectively. Only public asphalt roads within your

municipality’s jurisdiction have been rated. Roads that are concrete, unpaved, private, do not

have ratings. Surface ID’s of roads are as follows Asphalt 4, Concrete 5, and Unpaved 2.

The PCI assigns a numerical value to the condition of the road. These values range from

8 to 94, with 94 being a newly paved road and 8 being a road that is deteriorated beyond repair

and in need of complete reconstruction. These values can be used to compare the condition of

the roads, and decide which are in greatest need of repair.

Common abbreviations used in the database are Does Not Exist (DNE), To Be

Constructed (TBC), and To Be Finished (TBF). DNE and TBC roads were not scored and TBF roads

were scored if there was enough road surface completed to be rated.

RIN Name From_Road To_Road Begin End Length Width Lanes Traffic Importance Survey_Date PCI Notes

186590-01 ARNETT RD NORTH PARK RD KNOLLWOOD RD 0 0.2 0.2 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 76 Village of Typical 186590-02 ARNETT RD KNOLLWOOD RD SUNSET RD 0.2 0.28 0.08 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 78 Village of Typical 186591-01 ASHER RD MILL ST HUNTINGTON RD 0 0.08 0.08 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical 186591-02 ASHER RD HUNTINGTON RD ROCKEFELLER LA 0.08 0.12 0.04 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical 186592-01 ASTOR DR MONTGOMERY ST VILLAGE LINE 0 0.25 0.25 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 69 Village of Typical 186593-01 BEECH ST SOUTH ST EAST MARKET ST 0 0.05 0.05 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 73 Village of Typical 186593-02 BEECH ST EAST MARKET ST LIVINGSTON ST 0.05 0.14 0.09 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 90 Village of Typical 186593-03 BEECH ST LIVINGSTON ST CHESTNUT ST 0.14 0.22 0.08 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 90 VVillage of Typical 186594-01 CENTER ST SOUTH ST EAST MARKET ST 0 0.09 0.09 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 73 VVillage of Typical 186594-02 CENTER ST EAST MARKET ST LIVINGSTON ST 0.09 0.18 0.09 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 72 Village of Typical 186595-01 CHESTNUT ST MONTGOMERY ST MULBERRY ST 0 0.26 0.26 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186595-02 CHESTNUT ST MULBERRY ST PARSONAGE ST 0.26 0.37 0.11 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 70 Village of Typical 186595-03 CHESTNUT ST PARSONAGE ST BEECH ST 0.37 0.48 0.11 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 85 Village of Typical 186595-04 CHESTNUT ST BEECH ST CROSMOUR RD 0.48 0.61 0.13 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 88 Village of Typical 186596-01 CLOSS DR MILL ST VILLAGE LINE 0 0.05 0.05 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 83 Village of Typical 186597-01 COZINE AVE KNOLLWOOD RD SOMERS DR 0 0.12 0.12 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 72 Village of Typical 186598-01 CRAMER RD VERNA RD ORCHARD ST 0 0.18 0.18 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 78 Village of Typical 186598-02 CRAMER RD ORCHARD ST MONTGOMERY ST 0.18 0.22 0.04 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 83 Village of Typical 186599-01 CROSMOUR DR EAST MARKET ST CROSMOUR DR 0 0.24 0.24 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 65 Village of Typical 186600-01 CROSMOUR RD CHESTNUT ST CROSMOUR DR 0 0.03 0.03 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 86 Village of Typical 186600-02 CROSMOUR RD CROSMOUR DR CUL DE SAC 0.03 0.24 0.21 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 82 Village of Typical 186601-01 CROWELL AVE HUNTINGTON RD ROCKEFELLER LA 0 0.08 0.08 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 76 Village of Typical 186602-01 GARDEN ST WEST MARKET ST WEST CHESTNUT 0 0.1 0.1 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186602-02 GARDEN ST WEST CHESTNUT DEAD END 0.1 0.14 0.04 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186603-01 HUNTINGTON RD ASHER RD CROWELL AVE 0 0.15 0.15 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 79 Village of Typical 186603-02 HUNTINGTON RD CROWELL AVE VIOLET PL 0.15 0.21 0.06 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 87 Village of Typical 186603-03 HUNTINGTON RD VIOLET PL SO PARSONAGE S 0.21 0.27 0.06 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 86 Village of Typical 186604-01 KNOLLWOOD RD SO PARSONAGE S ARNET RD 0 0.06 0.06 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 90 Village of Typical 186604-02 KNOLLWOOD RD ARNET RD MANOR RD 0.06 0.12 0.06 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186604-03 KNOLLWOOD RD MANOR RD COZINE AVE 0.12 0.18 0.06 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186604-04 KNOLLWOOD RD COZINE AVE SOMERS DR 0.18 0.26 0.08 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186604-05 KNOLLWOOD RD SOMERS DR VILLAGE LINE 0.26 0.45 0.19 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 87 Village of Typical 186605-01 LIVINGSTON ST MONTGOMERY ST CENTER ST 0 0.17 0.17 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 79 Village of Typical 186605-02 LIVINGSTON ST CENTER ST MULBERRY ST 0.17 0.26 0.09 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186605-03 LIVINGSTON ST MULBERRY ST PARSONAGE ST 0.26 0.36 0.1 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 88 Village of Typical 186605-04 LIVINGSTON ST PARSONAGE ST BEECH ST 0.36 0.47 0.11 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 88 Village of Typical 186605-05 LIVINGSTON ST BEECH ST DEAD END 0.47 0.51 0.04 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 82 Village of Typical 186606-01 LOCUST GROVE RD MONTGOMERY ST CUL DE SAC 0 0.24 0.24 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 62 Village of Typical 186607-01 LORRAINE DR CHESTNUT ST CUL DE SAC 0 0.2 0.2 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 69 Village of Typical 186608-01 MANOR RD KNOLLWOOD RD SOMERS DR 0 0.22 0.22 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186609-01 MILL RD MILL ST VILLAGE LINE 0 0.07 0.07 10 2 1 2 07-Jun-17 85 Village of Typical 186610-01 MILL ST VILLAGE LINE SO PARSONAGE S 0 0.1 0.1 10 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 66 Village of Typical 186610-02 MILL ST SO PARSONAGE S MILL RD 0.1 0.3 0.2 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 78 Village of Typical 186611-01 MONTGOMERY ST US 9 VILLAGE LINE 0 0.5 0.5 0 2 1 1 07-Jun-17 66 Village of Typical 186612-01 MULBERRY ST SOUTH ST EAST MARKET ST 0 0.08 0.08 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186612-02 MULBERRY ST EAST MARKET ST LIVINGSTON ST 0.08 0.17 0.09 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186612-03 MULBERRY ST LIVINGSTON ST CHESTNUT ST 0.17 0.25 0.08 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 81 Village of Typical 186612-04 MULBERRY ST CHESTNUT ST PLATT AVE 0.25 0.39 0.14 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 72 Village of Typical

RIN Name From_Road To_Road Begin End Length Width Lanes Traffic Importance Survey_Date PCI Notes

186612-05 MULBERRY ST PLATT AVE FAIRGROUNDS GA 0.39 0.57 0.18 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 84 Village of Typical 186612-06 MULBERRY ST FAIRGROUNDS GA FAIRGROUNDS RD 0.57 0.67 0.1 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186613-01 NORTH PARK RD VIOLET PL SO PARSONAGE S 0 0.05 0.05 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 80 Village of Typical 186613-02 NORTH PARK RD SO PARSONAGE S ARNET RD 0.05 0.11 0.06 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 82 Village of Typical 186614-01 OAK ST WEST MARKET ST WEST CHESTNUT 0 0.18 0.18 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 81 Village of Typical 186614-02 OAK ST WEST CHESTNUT DEAD END 0.18 0.2 0.02 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 62 Village of Typical 186615-01 ORCHARD ST CRAMER RD VERNA RD 0 0.22 0.22 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 71 Village of Typical 186616-01 PARSONAGE ST SOUTH ST EAST MARKET ST 0 0.06 0.06 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical 186616-02 PARSONAGE ST EAST MARKET ST LIVINGSTON ST 0.06 0.15 0.09 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 89 Village of Typical 186616-03 PARSONAGE ST LIVINGSTON ST CHESTNUT ST 0.15 0.23 0.08 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 87 Village of Typical 186616-04 PARSONAGE ST CHESTNUT ST PLATT AVE 0.23 0.38 0.15 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186616-05 PARSONAGE ST PLATT AVE FAIRGROUNDS GA 0.38 0.43 0.05 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186617-01 PLATT AVE MONTGOMERY ST MULBERRY ST 0 0.25 0.25 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 75 Village of Typical 186617-02 PLATT AVE MULBERRY ST PARSONAGE ST 0.25 0.37 0.12 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 76 Village of Typical 186618-01 PROSPECT ST WEST CHESTNUT DEAD END 0 0.09 0.09 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 29 Village of Typical 186619-01 ROCKEFELLER LAN MILL ST-RT 9 ASHER RD 0 0.08 0.08 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 61 Village of Typical 186619-02 ROCKEFELLER LAN ASHER RD CROWELL AVE 0.08 0.23 0.15 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 77 Village of Typical 186620-01 SEYMOUR DRIVE CHESTNUT ST CUL-DE-SAC 0 0.2 0.2 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 83 Village of Typical 186621-01 SO PARSONAGE ST SOUTH ST NORTH PARK RD 0 0.13 0.13 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186621-02 SO PARSONAGE ST NORTH PARK RD KNOLLWOOD RD 0.13 0.33 0.2 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical 186621-03 SO PARSONAGE ST KNOLLWOOD RD SUNSET RD 0.33 0.39 0.06 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical 186621-04 SO PARSONAGE ST SUNSET RD MILL ST 0.39 0.46 0.07 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186622-01 SOMERS DR MANOR RD COZINE AVE 0 0.1 0.1 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 79 Village of Typical 186622-02 SOMERS DR COZINE AVE MANOR RD 0.1 0.15 0.05 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 81 Village of Typical 186622-03 SOMERS DR MANOR RD CUL DE SAC 0.15 0.35 0.2 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 73 Village of Typical 186623-01 SOUTH ST MILL ST CENTER ST 0 0.17 0.17 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 90 Village of Typical 186623-02 SOUTH ST CENTER ST MULBERRY ST 0.17 0.27 0.1 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 90 Village of Typical 186623-03 SOUTH ST MULBERRY ST PARSONAGE ST 0.27 0.36 0.09 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 88 Village of Typical 186623-04 SOUTH ST PARSONAGE ST BEECH ST 0.36 0.47 0.11 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 88 Village of Typical 186623-05 SOUTH ST BEECH ST EAST MARKET ST 0.47 0.6 0.13 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 71 Village of Typical 186624-01 STARR DR CHESTNUT ST CUL-DE-SAC 0 0.14 0.14 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 68 Village of Typical 186625-01 SUNSET RD SO PARSONAGE S ARNETT RD 0 0.06 0.06 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186625-02 SUNSET RD ARNETT RD DEAD END 0.06 0.11 0.05 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 92 Village of Typical 186626-01 TRINITY PL NO PARK RD CUL DE SAC 0 0.23 0.23 10 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 82 Village of Typical 186627-01 VERNA RD CRAMER RD ORCHARD ST 0 0.06 0.06 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 82 Village of Typical 186628-01 VIOLET PL DEAD END HUNTINGTON RD 0 0.06 0.06 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 77 Village of Typical 186628-02 VIOLET PL HUNTINGTON RD NORTH PARK RD 0.06 0.25 0.19 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 74 Village of Typical 186628-03 VIOLET PL NORTH PARK RD DEAD END 0.25 0.3 0.05 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 64 Village of Typical 186629-01 WEST CHESTNUT S MONTGOMERY ST GARDEN ST 0 0.05 0.05 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 71 Village of Typical 186629-02 WEST CHESTNUT S GARDEN ST PROSPECT ST 0.05 0.1 0.05 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 71 Village of Typical 186629-03 WEST CHESTNUT S PROSPECT ST OAK ST 0.1 0.17 0.07 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 79 Village of Typical 270678-01 STOTIN DR KNOLLWOOD RD CIRCLE DR 0 0.1 0.1 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical 270679-01 CAROLINA DR CIRCLE DR WILL TREMPER 0 0.06 0.06 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical 270680-01 WILL TREMPER DR CAROLINA DR KNOLLWOOD RD 0 0.08 0.08 0 2 1 1 7-Jun-17 94 Village of Typical

Municipality Miles of Road

Inspected Average PCI Weighted Average PCI

Village of Typical 10.7 80.3 78.5

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PCI

Village of Typical PCI Frequency

0.5

1.5

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PCI

Village of Typical PCI vs. Mileage

8/2/2017

Cornell Local Roads Program

County of Dutchess, New York

Summer 2017

Robert Schumacher and George DeWitt

Dutchess County Department of Public Works:

Engineering Division

626 Dutchess Turnpike

Poughkeepsie, NY 12601

Table of Contents

Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2

What is Cornell Local Roads Program (CLRP)?…………………………………………………………………………….. 2

Training …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2

Results ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2

Process and Project Parameters ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3

Surveying Roads ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 3

Inventory Data …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… 3

Data Collection ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4

Condition Data …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… 4

Appendices ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10

Appendix A: Sample Pavement Condition Survey ……………………………………………………………………... 10

Appendix B: Sample Inventory Sheet …………………………………………………………………………………...…. 21

Executive Summary:

What is Cornell Local Roads Program (CLRP)?

The Cornell Local Roads Program (CLRP) is a training program instituted by the State of

New York to provide local municipalities with the training needed to properly manage and

maintain the roads under their jurisdiction. CLRP has designed a computer program (CAMP-RS)

to digitize the road condition data on a robust platform. The Pavement Internship Training, that

CLRP offers, is designed to train college students in the CAMP-RS software and provide them

with the tools needed to evaluate the roads within their municipality. During the ten week

internship program, interns are expected to develop an inventory, conduct road evaluations,

and prepare a final report of the management plan for the local roads and streets.

Training

Training was held over the course of 3 days on Cornell’s campus in Ithaca, New York.

The training consisted of education on road design, construction, and maintenance. It also

included lessons on asphalt paving principles, pavement maintenance options, and how to

operate the CAMP-RS software.

Results

During the summer of 2017, the second phase of the CLRP survey process was

completed. A total of 2,304 sections, equaling 1,046 miles of road, were surveyed. This in

conjunction with the 3,176 sections (945 miles) evaluated in 2016, provides a full and complete

assessment of all local asphalt roads within Dutchess County.

The data provided to each municipality omits the county roads within their geographic

borders. These reports also provide information on how the Pavement Condition Index (PCI)

was calculated for each road, and what those ratings mean.

Process and Project Parameters:

Dutchess County has 2,050.3 miles of local roads, ranging from unpaved seasonal roads

to paved principal arterials. The original goal of this internship program was to evaluate all

asphalt roads in the entire county over 3 summers. This goal was successfully met after 2

summers. George DeWitt and Anna Kern worked on this project the first summer. George

DeWitt and Robert Schumacher worked on this project the second summer.

Due to the large number of roads being surveyed, an effective method of evaluating the

roads needed to be implemented. The standard process of surveying roads was to use printed

survey sheets to record the road information and condition while in the field, and then input

this data into the database upon returning to the office. Since there were two full time interns

assigned to this project, a laptop was used by the passenger to record the data, while the driver

and passenger worked together to identify distresses in the roads. The road inventory was

imported into the laptop before going to survey, and the condition data was entered into the

database as each road was inspected. This method saved paper and a significant amount of

time.

Surveying Roads:

Inventory Data

The road inventory was taken from the New York State Department of Transportation

Local Highway Inventory - 2015 Local Roads and Streets, for Dutchess County. This list included

all county, city, town, and village roads within Dutchess County. State and private roads were

not surveyed. By using New York State’s official inventory, all 5,275 entries did not have to be

created manually. Over the course of the last two summers, several mistakes in the database

were identified and corrected. These mistakes included missing roads, incorrect sections,

incorrect lengths, incorrect surfaces, and roads in the database which do not presently exist.

These mistakes were recorded in a separate “Missing Roads and Paper Roads” report. To

simplify the process, this database was split into individual databases for each town, village,

and city. An example of the inventory data can be found in Appendix B.

Data Collection

The task of surveying the roads was approached one municipality at a time. When

possible, each municipality was divided into sections by the county roads that crossed it. These

county roads were rated first, and then the smaller local roads within the sections were rated.

This method made the task easier, and allowed for fewer missed roads after each municipality

was completed. The roads were rated while driving, which minimized the need to stop.

Condition Data

Each road was graded using the same criteria in order to maintain consistent ratings.

This criteria was determined using the Surface Condition Survey Sheet (as shown in Appendix

A), provided by CLRP. The Surface Condition Survey Sheet allows for an organized recording of

the condition of the entire street system. Its purpose is to identify existing distresses in a road

surface which affects the performance of the road. The resulting PCI highlights structural or

material defects that lead to deterioration of road performance and eventual failure.

Surface Condition Surveys were available for Asphalt Treatment, Surface Treatment,

Concrete, and Unpaved roadways. Only asphalt roads were surveyed for this project. The

document separates the distresses in asphalt into the following eight categories:

● Alligator Cracking

● Longitudinal/Transverse Cracking

● Edge Cracking

● Potholes/Patching

● Roughness

● Rutting

● Bleeding/Raveling

● Drainage

The following explanation was provided by the Cornell Asset Management Program -

Roads and Streets 2014 User Guide.

Longitudinal/Transverse Cracking

Longitudinal cracks are cracks that run parallel to the roadway centerline. Longitudinal

cracks are usually found at construction joints and between lanes. Transverse cracks run

perpendicular to the roadway centerline. Transverse cracks are generally spaced at regular

intervals and caused by expansion and contraction of the road surface material.

Both types of cracks can also be reflective, appearing above joints and cracks in

underlying pavements.

Alligator Cracking

Alligator cracking refers to interconnected crack patterns that resemble alligator skin or

chicken wire. Pavement pieces range in size from one to six inches on a side.

Patching/Potholes

Patching refers to areas where the original pavement has been removed and

subsequently replaced but is showing deterioration. Potholes are areas where portions of the

road pavement have broken and loss of pavement has resulted in a bowl shaped depression.

Edge Cracking

Edge cracking refers to cracks adjacent and parallel to the edge of the pavement. While

generally confined to the outer one to two feet of pavement, edge cracking can progress into

the travel lane.

Drainage

Drainage severities are judged by the ability for runoff to flow from the paved area to a

location that does not influence roadway conditions. Visual indicators of drainage problems

include accumulation of debris and sand and high water marks. (Evaluation during or after a

rainfall event can be extremely beneficial.)

Roughness

Pavement roughness is defined as irregularities in roadway surface which adversely

affects the comfort of the ride.

Rutting

Rutting refers to channels in the wheel paths. Rutting causes water to drain along the

road surface rather than drain to the edge of the road.

Bleeding

Bleeding refers to the excess asphalt material on the surface of the roadway. Bleeding

can be a safety problem due to decreased skid resistance.

Raveling

Raveling is the wearing away of the pavement surface caused by the dislodging of the

surface aggregate particles and the loss of asphalt binder. Raveling includes the loss of fine and

coarse aggregate. The surface becomes characterized as very rough and pitted with the obvious

loss of aggregate.

Most of the above categories are rated by both severity of the distress, and extent of

distress. Potholes/Patching are only rated by extent, and Bleeding/Raveling and Drainage are

only rated by severity. The definitions for Severity and Extent as defined by the CAMP-RS User

Manual are shown in the table below.

Severity: Extent:

Low

Present but not causing immediate problems

Low

Isolated to a few locations

Moderate

Needs attention before it becomes a problem

Moderate

Between 10 to 30 percent of the road is affected by the distress

High

Maintenance is needed immediately as the feature is a problem

High

More than 30 percent of the road segment is affected.

Appendices:

Appendix A: Sample Pavement Condition Survey

Appendix B: Sample Inventory Sheet