The Abstract follows immediately after the Title page and the copyright page.
The abstract is the first substantive item in your paper. Typically, it is written after the rest of the paper has been written. It needs to be brief (150 to 250 words).
An abstract for an empirical study should include the following information:
1. Information on the problem under study (preferably in one sentence).
2. The nature of the subject.
3. A description of the methods used, including equipment, procedures for gathering data, names of tests, etc.
4. A statement of the findings, including information on levels of statistical significance, effect sizes, and confidence intervals.
5. A statement of the conclusions drawn and any implications or applications of the results.