Question Bank for the Mid-Term Exams
1. What does online mean?
A: Online, in a generic sense, refers to when an electronic device is on and connected to other devices, such as another computer, a network or a device such as a printer.
2. What is the difference between system software and application software?
A: System software is used for operating computer hardware. On other hand Application software is used by user to perform specific task. System software are installed on the computer when operating system is installed. On other hand Application software are installed according to user's requirements.
3. Briefly define cyberspace.
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4. What is the difference between software and hardware?
A: Computer hardware is any physical device used in or with your machine, whereas software is a collection of programming code installed on your computer's hard drive. In other words, hardware is something you can hold in your hand, whereas software cannot be held in your hand.
5. What is multimedia?
A: Multimedia is the field concerned with the computer-controlled integration of text, graphics, drawings, still and moving images (Video), animation, audio, and any other media where every type of information can be represented, stored, transmitted and processed digitally.
6. What is the difference between microcomputers and supercomputers?
A: Microcomputers are general-purpose computers that are mostly used for daily work that performs all logic and arithmetic operations. While supercomputer is used for complex and large mathematical computations. ... Microcomputers are small in terms of size. While the size of a supercomputer is very large.
7. What is the function of RAM?
A: Computer random access memory (RAM) is one of the most important components in determining your system's performance. RAM gives applications a place to store and access data on a short-term basis. It stores the information your computer is actively using so that it can be accessed quickly.
8. What does downloading mean?
A: Downloading means your computer is receiving data from the Internet.
Examples of downloading include opening a web page, receiving email, purchasing music files and watching online videos.
9. What is meant by connectivity?
A: the state or quality of being connected or connective: the benefits of global connectivity. Digital Technology. the ability to link to and communicate with other computer systems, electronic devices, software, or the internet: This laptop has limited connectivity.
10. Describe some ways that information technology can be used to help people find jobs and to help jobs find people.
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11. Compare the use of email to the use of the telephone and of conventional letters sent via the postal system. Which kinds of communications are best suited for which medium?
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12. What is the basic meaning of cloud computing?
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13. Name three methods of data transmission that are faster than a dial-up connection.
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14. What is netiquette, and why is it important?
A: Netiquette is important as online communication is non-verbal. You have to follow Internet etiquette because there are other people such as your friends, relatives, elders who are using the Internet for all online communications. Hence it is correct to behave properly and write politely to everyone.
15. Briefly define bandwidth.
A:
16. Many web documents are “linked.” What does that mean?
A: The Semantic Web isn't just about putting data on the web. It is about making links, so that a person or machine can explore the web of data. With linked data, when you have some of it, you can find other, related, data. Like the web of hypertext, the web of data is constructed with documents on the web.
17. Compare and contrast a cable modem service to a DSL service.
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18. Explain the basics of how the Internet works.
A: The Internet is made up of a massive network of specialized computers called routers. Each router's job is to know how to move packets along from their source to their destination. A packet will have moved through multiple routers during its journey. When a packet moves from one router to the next, it's called a hop.
19. Briefly explain TCP/IP..
A: TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, which is a set of networking protocols that allows two or more computers to communicate. The Defense Data Network, part of the Department of Defense, developed TCP/IP, and it has been widely adopted as a networking standard.
20. What's the difference between a dynamic IP address and a static IP address?
A: When a device is assigned a static IP address, the address does not change. Most devices use dynamic IP addresses, which are assigned by the network when they connect and change over time.
21. State your answer to a person who asks you the question, “Who owns the Internet?”
No one owns it, but there are organizations that determine the Internet's structure and how it works, but they don't have any ownership over the Internet itself.
22. How does the Internet affect your life?
The most influential and pervasive impact of the Internet on social life is likely through communication patternsIII.
23. Briefly define booting.
The process of loading OS into the computer’s main memory. Turn the computer on.
Diagnostic routines test main memory, CPU, and other hardware.
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) programs are copied to main memory.
BIOS contains instructions for operating the hardware.
The computer needs those instructions to operate the hardware and find a copy of the OS.
Boot program obtains the OS and loads it into computer’s main memory
24. What is the difference between a command-driven interface and a graphical user interface (GUI)?
The main difference between GUI and CLI is that the Graphical User Interface (GUI) allows the user to interact with the system using graphical elements such as windows, icons, menus while the Command Line Interface (CLI) allows the user to interact with the system using commands.
25. Why can't you run your computer without system software?
Because the operating software that makes it tick and provides a platform for programs, like your web browser, to run on. Without an operating system, your laptop is just a box of bits that do not know how to communicate with one another
26. Why is multitasking useful?
Data can be copied and pasted, or dragged and dropped, between programs. May increase productivity, because multiple programs can be running at once. Any changes or updates are seen immediately. For example, if a new e-mail is received, you immediately know.
27. What is a device driver?
in computing, a device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling operating systems and other computer programs to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware being used.
28. What is a utility program?
Utility software is software designed to help to analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer. It is used to support the computer infrastructure - in contrast to application software, which is aimed at directly performing tasks that benefit ordinary users. However, utilities often form part of the application systems. For example, a batch job may run user-written code to update a database and may then include a step that runs a utility to back up the database, or a job may run a utility to compress a disk before copying files.
29. What are the three components of system software? What is the basic function of each?
Application programs, device drivers, and operating systems.
Application software is a type of computer program that performs a specific personal, educational, and business function.
device drivers, the main purpose of device drivers is to provide abstraction by acting as a translator between a hardware device and the applications or operating systems that use it.
An operating system has three main functions: (1) manage the computer's resources, such as the central processing unit, memory, disk drives, and printers, (2) establish a user interface, and (3) execute and provide services for applications software.
30. What is open-source software?
Open-source software is a type of computer software in which source code is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose.
31. What are the following types of application software used for?
a. project management software
Project management software helps project managers (PMs) and teams collaborate and meet goals on time while managing resources and cost. Functions may include task distribution, time tracking, budgeting, resource planning, team collaboration, and many more.
b. desktop-publishing software
Desktop publishing software can generate layouts and produce typographic-quality text and images comparable to traditional typography and printing. Desktop publishing is also the main reference for digital typography.
c. database software
Database software is designed to create databases and to store, manage, change, search, and extract the information contained within them. A comprehensive database software program is sometimes called a database management system.
d. spreadsheet software
Spreadsheet software is a software application capable of organizing, storing and analyzing data in tabular form. The application can provide digital simulation of paper accounting worksheets. They can also have multiple interacting sheets with data represented in text, numeric or in graphic form.
e. word processing software
Word processing software is defined as a computer program that lets you type words or text which shows up in a virtual "document" on your computer screen which can, in turn, be printed or sent electronically. Microsoft Word is an example of word processing software.
32. Explain what computer-aided design (CAD) programs do.
Programs intended for 2D and 3D design of products, structures, civil engineering drawings and maps.
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33. What is ASCII, and what do the letters stand for?
ASCII codes represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices.
It stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
34. Why should measures of capacity matter to computer users?
Because it notifies how much area is available on the computer memory. Computer storage capacity can rely upon how much disk space can be free in one or more devices.
35. What's the difference between RAM and ROM?
RAM, which stands for random access memory, and ROM, which stands for read-only memory, are both present in your computer. RAM is volatile memory that temporarily stores the files you are working on. ROM is non-volatile memory that permanently stores instructions for your computer.
36. What is the significance of the term gigahertz?
Abbreviation for gigahertz. One GHz represents 1 billion cycles per second. The speed of microprocessors, called the clock speed, often is measured in gigahertz. ... Each computer instruction requires a fixed number of cycles, so the clock speed determines how many instructions per second the microprocessor can execute.
37. What is a motherboard? Name at least four components of a motherboard.
A printed circuit board (PCB) which is located on the posterior of the computer frame is also known as motherboard. It will grant power and connection to the computer hardware components, CPU, and RAM.
38. What are the most convenient forms of backup storage? Why?
Commercial clouds. These services provide a full-time access for your backups, but the connection speed can be compromised by Internet provider settings and circumstances. Despite this fact, clouds are the most convenient and modern way to store data including backups.
39. Why is it important for your computer to be expandable?
Scalable hardware or software can expand to support increasing workloads. This capability allows computer equipment and software programs to grow over time, rather than needing to be replaced.
40. What is nanotechnology?
Tiny machines work at a molecular level to make nano-circuits.