Extra Credit
The TaNaK
The Pentateuch
J E P D
The Covenant
Torah
El Shaddai El Elyon El Olam Elohim
God Almighty God Most High Everlasting God God
Semetic Origins
Mesopotamian Il/Ilu
Canaanite El
Hebrew El/Eloah
Aramaic El/Elah
Arabic Ylah
T
Torah
The Law
N
Nebi’im
The Prophets
K
Ketubi’im
Words of Wisdom (Hagiographa)
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Former Poetical Historical
Joshua
Judges
Samuel
Kings
Psalms
Proverbs
Job
Daniel
Ezra-Nehemiah
Chronicles
Latter Megillot
Major Minor
Song of Songs
Ruth
Lamentations
Esther
Ecclesiastes
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Ezekiel
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
Pentateuch Historical Wisdom Prophets
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Joshua
Judges
I & II Samuel
I & II Kings
I & II Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Ruth
Esther
Lamentations
Judith
Tobit
Baruch
I & II Maccabees
Job
Psalms
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Songs
Ecclesiasticus (Sirach)
Wisdom (of Solomon)
Major
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Ezekiel
Daniel
Minor
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
Apocrypha: “hidden”
Deuterocanonical: “second canon/law”
Baruch
Sirach
Letter of Jeremiah
Prayer of Manasseh
I & II Maccabees
The Prayer of Azariah
Additions to Esther
I & II Esdras
Tobit
Judith
Wisdom of Solomon
Ecclesiasticus
Susanna
Bel and the Dragon
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
DeuteronomyMosaic Authorship?
Time of composition?
Asserts that the Pentateuch was composed by a of four authors over centuries. Each had a distinctive style and theology:
J – YAHWIST (Jehovah = J)
E - ELOHIST
P - PRIESTLY
D - DEUTERONOMIC
A fifth biblical author may have been involved :
R – a redactor who shaped the Pentateuch by compiling J, E, P and D’s texts into the present form.
J - JAHWIST E - ELOHIST P - PRIESTLY D - DEUTERONOMIC
stress on Judah stress on northern Israel stress on Judah stress on central shrine
stresses leaders stresses the prophetic stresses the cultic stresses fidelity to Jerusalem
anthropomorphic speech God refined speech about God majestic speech about God speech recalling God's work
God walks and talks with us God speaks in dreams cultic approach to God moralistic approach
God is YHWH God is Elohim God is Elohim God is YHWH
uses "Sinai" Sinai is "Horeb" has genealogies and lists has long sermons
Creation (1:1 - 2:3)
Primeval History (2:4 - 11:26) Adam and Eve in Eden (2:4-25)
The Fall and Its Consequences (3)
The Great Flood (6:9 - 9:29)
The Spread of the Nations (10:1 - 11:26)
Greek in origin and comes from the word geneseos, and depending on context,
can mean "birth," "genealogy," or "history of origin"
Patriarchal History (11:27 - 50:26) The Life of Abraham (11:27 - 25:11)
The Descendants of Ishmael (25:12-18).
The Life of Jacob (25:19 - 35:29)
The Descendants of Esau (36:1 - 37:1)
The Life of Joseph (37:2 - 50:26)
Gn 2: 4-25 - 3
Gn 1: 27...
Gn 6: 4-7
Tigris
Euphrates
MESOPOTAMIA
The ziggurat of Ur, constructed towards the end of
the 3rd millennium BC by King Ur-Nammu.
Gn 11:26–28
Ur of the Chaldeans
Haran
Hazor
Jerusalem
Beersheba Zoan
Jo rd
a n
NEGEV
MESOPOTAMIA
BABYLONIA CANAAN
SUMER
AKKAD
Babylon
Gn 11:31 — Ur to Haran
Gn 12:1 — Haran to Canaan
Gn 12:10 — Canaan to Egypt
Gn 13:1 — Egypt to the Negev Gn 12:1-20
The Akedát Yitzḥák
The Binding of Isaac
Reuben
Simeon
Levi
Judah
Dan
Naphtali
Gad
Asher
Issachar
Zebulun
Joseph
Gn 37:3
Reuben
Simeon
Levi
Judah
Dan
Naphtali
Gad
Asher
Issachar
Zebulun
Joseph
Detail rom the tomb of Nefeteri c. 1250 BC
Guido Reni
Reuben
Simeon
Levi
Judah
Dan
Naphtali
Gad
Asher
Issachar
Zebulun
Joseph
Benjamin
Gn 41:45
Lawrence Alma-Tadema
Prologue (1-2)
Israel Blessed & Oppressed (1)
Moses called (2)
Judgment of Plagues on Egypt (6:28;11:10)
The Passover (12:1-28)
The Exodus from Egypt (12:29-51)
Crossing the "Red Sea" (13:17)
Song of Miriam (15:21)
Covenant at Sinai (19-24)
The Decalogue (20:1-17)
Rebellion—Withdrawal of God (32-34)
The golden calf (32:1-29)
Renewal of the covenant (34)
God's Royal Tent Set Up (35-40)
derived from Greek Exodos, meaning "exit,“ or "departure"
Ex 10:12-15
Ex 7:17-18
First plague: water turned to blood (7:14-24)
Second plague: frogs (7:25;8:15)
Third plague: gnats (8:16-19)
Fourth plague: flies (8:20-32)
Fifth plague: against livestock (9:1-7)
Sixth plague: boils (9:8-12)
Seventh plague: hail (9:13-35)
Eighth plague: locusts (10:1-20)
Ninth plague: darkness (10:21-29)
Tenth plague: death of the firstborn (11 - 12)
Ex 12: 7-13
Ex 14: 21-22
Manna
Traditional Route of
the Exodus
Jericho in
Canaan
The 12 Spies
Giving of the Law on
Mt. Sinai
The Five Main Offerings (1-7)
The Burnt Offering (1)
The Grain Offering (2)
The Fellowship Offering (3)
The Sin Offering (4:1;5:13)
The Guilt Offering (5:14;6:7)
The Installation and Ministry of Aaron and His Sons (8-10)
The Distinction Between Clean and Unclean (11-15)
The Annual Day of Atonement (16)
Holy Living (17-26)
Covenant Blessings and Curses (26)
Regulations for Offerings Vowed to the Lord (27)
derived from Greek Leuitikos, meaning "relating to the Levites"
Property
Criminal Laws
Punishment & Restitution
Prophecy (311)
Idolatry
Agriculture
Clothing
The Firstborn
Priests & Levites
Tithes & Taxes
The Temple
Sacrifices & Offerings
Ritual Purity
Leprosy
The King
Nazarites
Wars
God
Torah
Signs & Symbols
Prayer & Blessings
Love & Brotherhood
The Poor
Gentiles
Family
Forbidden Sex
Times
Dietary Laws
Business Practices
Employees
Vows
Sabbatical & Jubilee
Court
Injuries & Damages
Ex 20: 1-17
VI. You shall not commit adultery.
VII. You shall not steal.
VIII. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
IX. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife.
X. You shall not covet your neighbor's goods.
I. I am the LORD your God. You shall worship the Lord your God
and Him only shall you serve.
II. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.
III. Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day.
IV. Honor your father and your mother.
V. You shall not kill.
Lv 6:9
Olah: Burnt Offering (holocausts)
Zebach Sh'lamim: Peace Offering
Chatat: Sin Offering
Asham: Guilt Offering
Minchah: Food and Drink Offerings
Parah Adumah: The Red Heifer
7 And he shall take the two
goats, and present them before
the LORD at the door of the
tabernacle of the congregation. 8 And Aaron shall cast lots upon
the two goats; one lot for the
LORD, and the other lot for the
scapegoat. 9 And Aaron shall bring the goat
upon which the LORD's lot fell,
and offer him for a sin offering. 10 But the goat, on which the lot
fell to be the scapegoat, shall
be presented alive before the
LORD, to make an atonement
with him, and to let him go for a
scapegoat into the wilderness.
— Lv 16: 7-10Th e
Sc ap
eg oa
t
Israel at Sinai, Preparing to Depart for the Promised Land (1:1;10:10)
The Commands for the Census of the People (1-4)
The Commands for Purity of the People (5:1;10:10)
The Journey from Sinai to Kadesh (10:11;12:16)
The 12 Spies and Their Mixed Report of the Good Land (13) Israel on the Plains of Moab (22:2;32:42)
Balaam Blesses Israel in Seven Oracles (23-24)
The Second Census (26)
The War against Midian (31)
The Settlement of the Transjordan Tribes (32)
named for the looooooong lists of names that seem unending...
Historical Prologue (1:6;4:43)
Stipulations of the Covenant (4:44;26:19)
This is the Law: Absolute Allegiance (4:44)
God's covenant Lordship (4:44;5:33)
Ratification; Curses and Blessings (chs. 27-30)
Leadership (chs. 31-34)
Change of Leadership (31:1-29)
Song of Moses (31:30;32:47)
Moses' Testamental Blessing on the Tribes (32:48;33:29)
Death of Moses and Succession of Joshua (ch. 34)
meaning "repetition of the law") arose from a mistranslation in the
Septuagint (the pre-Christian Greek translation of the OT) and the Latin
Vulgate of a phrase in Dt 17:18, which in Hebrew means "copy of this law."