Reflecation paper
-Module 1- Introduction to Prototyping
➢ Overview
1Dr. Munther Hermez
Establish prototype objectives
Define prototype
functionality
Develop prototype
Evaluate prototype
Prototyping plan
Outline definition
Executable prototype
Evaluation report
-Module 1- Cont.
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➢ Objectives of Rapid Prototyping
• Introduce Prototyping Process.
• To describe the use of prototypes in different types of development
project.
• To discuss evolutionary and throw-away prototyping.
• To introduce three rapid prototyping techniques - high-level language
development, database programming and component reuse.
• To explain the need for user interface prototyping.
• Define World-Class manufacturing.
• Recognize the impact of global competitive environment on Engineering
Processes.
-Module 1- Cont.
➢ RP Applications
• Applications of rapid prototyping can be classified into three
categories:
1. Design
2. Engineering analysis and planning
3. Tooling and manufacturing
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-Module 1- Cont.
➢ Applications
• 1. Aerospace
• 2. Biomedical
• 3. Automotive
• 4. Defense
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What to prototype ?➢
•Technical issues
• Work flow, task design
• Screen layouts and information
display
• Difficult, controversial, critical areas
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➢ Prototyping Benefits
• Improved system usability
• Closer match to the system needed
• Improved design quality
• Improved maintainability
• Reduced overall development effort
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-Module 1- Cont.
➢ Problems with Rapid Prototyping
• Part accuracy:
• Staircase appearance for a sloping part surface due to layering
• Shrinkage and distortion of RP parts
• Limited variety of materials in RP
• Mechanical performance of the fabricated parts is limited by the
materials that must be used in the RP process
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-Module 1- Cont.
❑ Development of a Successful Product
1- World Class Manufacturing
2- Product Definition
3- Engineering Design Process
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-Module 1- Cont.
1- World Class Manufacturing
World-class manufacturing is achieved by those companies which
are best in the field at each of the competitive priorities such as:
• quality
• price
• delivery speed
• delivery reliability
• flexibility
• innovation
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-Module 1- Cont.
A company can no longer dominate a market with:
- cheaper man power
- newer technology
- convenient capital
- or a particular supply chain
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2- Product Definition
figuring out what to make before making it product definition is:
- A layout of what the purpose of the product is.
- Whom it is targeted toward.
- How it will be built and manufactured.
Reaching a definition for a product involves:
- Considerable customer interaction regarding the product
- Complete many prototypes to get the best possible design.
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-Module 1- Cont.
3- Engineering Design Process
The engineering design process can be divided into several steps:
➢ Identifying customer’s needs
converting these needs into:
- product design specifications,
- engineering design, and
- prototyping to evaluate the concepts
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-Module 1- Cont.
➢ Converting Needs into Product Design Specifications
-The objective here is to explore the complex relationships between
customer and functional requirements to connect technology with
what people need and want.
- After identifying customer and functional requirements explicitly,
they are captured in a formal specification that product concepts can
then be evaluated against.
- Use ranks, to select the preferred concepts that are later refined.
The desirable result will be that the product fits both the customer
‘‘wants’’ and the business ‘‘needs.’’
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➢ Engineering Design
is an iterative process and can further be classified into feasibility
study or conceptual design, preliminary design, and detail design.
• A preliminary design stage, a feasible solution is developed.
• The problem requirements are defined in detail.
• More information is gathered.
• Critical parameters are being quantified to establish the optimal
solution.
• The function, strength, spatial compatibility, and financial viability
of the product are evaluated.
• The detail design makes a complete engineering description of a
tested and producible product.
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-Module 1- Cont.
➢ Product Prototyping
Product prototyping is the bottleneck of the process:
• The focus should be on how to use the:
– Virtual Prototyping
– Rapid Prototyping
technologies to accelerate this process,
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section objectives to help answering the following questions:
• Why is product innovation important?
• What are the reasons for the failure of a new product?
• What are the basic reasons for prototyping?
• Why is time-to-market so critical?
• How can bringing a product to market rapidly have an impact on
the rate of return and how it affects the outcome of other
competitive products?
• How can product definition impact time-to-market?
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➢ Product Prototyping And Its Impact
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➢ Prototype design and innovation
Issues That Cause Product Innovation Failures
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➢Impact On Cost, Quality, And Time
The impact of an example of timing to market on product revenue.
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➢Key Process Requirements For Rapid Prototyping
• Virtual prototyping
Provides flexibility, cost-efficient data integration, and a concurrent approach to
engineering
• Traditional prototyping
techniques were successful in the design and analysis of products consisting of
less than 100 components
• Know the customers
participate in the customer design process
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❑ Product Prototyping And Product Development
➢ What Is Prototyping ?
use simulation technologies in all design phases.
➢ Virtual Prototyping In Product Development
address different aspects in the design process, FEA, kinematics and multi-
body dynamics, electronic circuit design, CAD/immersive design, and virtual
reality/topological modeling.
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-Module 1- Cont.
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An example of mixing virtual and physical
components together to evaluate a prototype.
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➢Rapid Prototyping In Product Development
Physical prototyping enables the exploration, optimization, and validation of
mechanical hardware.
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Schematics of a stereolithographic apparatus (SLA).