SCI 115 lab

In the first part of this lab, we study data from a (hypothetical) species called Glyptodan neomexicanus.  Each individual has either a red shell or a yellow shell.  A count of individuals in a particular area indicates that there are 122 red individuals and 38 yellow individuals. If we assume that shell color is inherited in a Mendelian fashion, which shell color appears to be dominant?

All we can observe directly is the phenotype of an individual, without biochemical or genomic analysis.  Therefore, we cannot ascertain the genotype of individuals by inspection of their shells.  However, if shell color is inherited in a Mendelian fashion and if we study family units, we can infer the genotype from the phenotypes of the parents and the offspring.  In this analysis we are assuming that red is dominant and yellow is recessive.  The A allele goes with the red trait, the a allele goes with the yellow trait.
 
If one parent is red and the other is yellow and half the offspring are red, while half the offspring are yellow, then

All we can observe directly is the phenotype of an individual, without biochemical or genomic analysis.  Therefore, we cannot ascertain the genotype of individuals by inspection of their shells.  However, if shell color is inherited in a Mendelian fashion and if we study family units, we can infer the genotype from the phenotypes of the parents and the offspring.  In this analysis we are assuming that red is dominant and yellow is recessive.  The A allele goes with the red trait, the a allele goes with the yellow trait.
 
If both parents are red, and there are three red offspring and one yellow offspring, we know that:

 
Refer to the picture of the thin-layer chromatography results to answer this question What pigments are present in the samples derived from individuals that are homozygous dominant (AA) for shell color?

 
Refer to the picture of the thin-layer chromatography results to answer this question.  Based on the thin-layer chromatography of shell extract, how many pigments are present in the samples derived from individuals that are heterozygous for shell color?

 
Refer to the picture of the thin-layer chromatography results to answer this question Which pigment is always present when a dominant allele ( A) is present?

 
What is the approximate molecular weight of the protein that is missing from the homozygous recessive extract?

 
Since genes are expressed by coding for the production of individual proteins, do any proteins found appear to be under the control of any particular allele(s)?

 
What can you conclude if the protein with an apparent mass of 45 kDa is not detected in individuals who lack the dominant allele?

 
The protein profiles for the Aa and AA individuals are