pad510 final exam

The Streams Metaphor is associated with which scholar?

Answer

[removed]		Paul Sabatier.
[removed]		John Kingdon.
[removed]		David Easton.
[removed]		Helen Ingram.

2 points

Question 2

"Pork barrel" spending is most closely associated with which policy type?

Answer

[removed]		regulatory policies.
[removed]		distributive polices.
[removed]		redistributive policies.
[removed]		agenda policies.

2 points

Question 3

The Advocacy Coalition Framework illustrates

Answer

[removed]		The important role of interest groups.
[removed]		How implementation takes place in policy subsystems rather than in one-to-one relationships.
[removed]		How members of Congress can work together to set the national agenda.
[removed]		The centrality of the executive branch in setting the national agenda.

2 points

Question 4

Log rolling by legislators often leads to _______ spending

Answer

[removed]		pork barrel
[removed]		wise
[removed]		cost effective
[removed]		representative
[removed]		transparent

2 points

Question 5

From 2008 to 2011, the federal budget deficit as a proportion of GDP

Answer

[removed]		Sharply grew.
[removed]		Gradually grew.
[removed]		Declined.
[removed]		Remained flat.
[removed]		Wildly changed as economic problems have come and gone.

2 points

Question 6

Material inducements to join are most closely associated with which unofficial actors?

Answer

[removed]		think tanks
[removed]		news media
[removed]		interest groups
[removed]		political parties

2 points

Question 7

The main critique of the "stages" model of the policy process is that it

Answer

[removed]		is too complicated.
[removed]		assumes a linear and orderly policy process.
[removed]		ignores politics.
[removed]		fails to account for the shortcomings of Congress.

2 points

Question 8

The systematic study of bureaucracy was first associated with

Answer

[removed]		Aaron Wildavsky.
[removed]		Larry Sabato.
[removed]		Max Weber.
[removed]		Paul Sabatier.

2 points

Question 9

The mutually reinforcing relationship between a congressional subcommittee, a federal agency, and regulated interest groups is known as the _____________model of policy relationships.

Answer

[removed]		triple play
[removed]		iron triangle
[removed]		iron cross
[removed]		golden triangle
[removed]		iron network

2 points

Question 10

The laws that made when judges and courts make decisions are called _____________

Answer

[removed]		statutes.
[removed]		case law.
[removed]		regulations.
[removed]		statues.
[removed]		out laws.

2 points

Question 11

Protective regulatory policy

Answer

[removed]		regulates competition between actors in society and the market place.
[removed]		distributes resources amongst various members of the public.
[removed]		regulates the interactions between welfare recipients and the wealthiest members of society.
[removed]		seeks to protect the public from the negative effects of private activity.

2 points

Question 12

Political learning entails

Answer

[removed]		learning about better strategies for making political arguments.
[removed]		an evaluation of policy tools and techniques.
[removed]		an analysis of attitudes towards program goals.
[removed]		learning about how to use computer technology to improve implementation.

2 points

Question 13

The news media

Answer

[removed]		Have little role in the policy process because they simply cover celebrity news and fluff.
[removed]		Are important for highlighting issues and problems, but do not generally provide policy solutions.
[removed]		Are central to the policy process.
[removed]		Are ignored by policy makers because they have their own source of expertise and information.

2 points

Question 14

An economic depression is characterized by

Answer

[removed]		extremely high unemployment and significant reduction in the GDP that is deeper and longer than a typical recession.
[removed]		a period of economic contraction when the value of the GDP shrinks for two consecutive quarters.
[removed]		a crisis in the stock market.
[removed]		a rise in the national gross product.

2 points

Question 15

If I were to say that focus of policy studies should be on the actions of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, what approach to policy studies would I be adopting?

Answer

[removed]		rational-choice theory
[removed]		elite theory
[removed]		institutionalism
[removed]		group theory
[removed]		pluralism

2 points

Question 16

Which of these statements is true?

Answer

[removed]		Voting turnout is always lower for congressional elections than for presidential elections.
[removed]		Voting turnout is always higher for congressional elections than for presidential elections.
[removed]		Voting turnout for presidential and congressional elections is roughly equal.
[removed]		Voting turnout is dependent on fluctuating demographics.

2 points

Question 17

Muckraking is a term applied to

Answer

[removed]		activist groups holding demonstrations and rallies to force policy change.
[removed]		descriptive journalism.
[removed]		investigative journalism.
[removed]		objective journalism.

2 points

Question 18

The allocation of television and radio frequencies and the awarding of cable television franchises are examples of which policy type?

Answer

[removed]		redistributive
[removed]		competitive regulatory
[removed]		protective regulatory
[removed]		procedural

2 points

Question 19

The phenomenon that involves members of a legislature agreeing to vote for each other's spending bills is known as _____________

Answer

[removed]		voting.
[removed]		logrolling.
[removed]		vote winking.
[removed]		a Yankee gentlemen's agreement.
[removed]		proxy voting.

2 points

Question 20

Social Construction refers to

Answer

[removed]		urban sprawl.
[removed]		the elite.
[removed]		the process of defining problems and the causes of them.
[removed]		changing conditions over time.

2 points

Question 21

Outputs from the systems model of politics and policy include

Answer

[removed]		Laws, regulations, and decisions.
[removed]		Election results, public opinion, communication to elected officials, and personal experiences of decision makers.
[removed]		Rules developed by administrative agencies.
[removed]		Items and issues not essential to the policy process.

2 points

Question 22

Official Actors in the policy process gain their role by virtue of:

Answer

[removed]		monetary wealth.
[removed]		a statutory or constitutional role.
[removed]		vested interests.
[removed]		heredity.

2 points

Question 23

The theory that states that a few people in government, business, academia, and the media have a disproportionate share of the control over America's political and economic resources is called

Answer

[removed]		rational-choice theory.
[removed]		elite theory.
[removed]		institutionalism.
[removed]		group theory.
[removed]		pluralism.

2 points

Question 24

Group mobilization refers to the idea that

Answer

[removed]		groups mount big get-out-the-vote campaigns.
[removed]		people are apathetic and never get involved in policy making.
[removed]		people can be persuaded to care about issues and become more active in discussions of politics and policy.
[removed]		most people are always politically active and engaged in group politics in some way.

2 points

Question 25

Government agencies are part of what branch of government?

Answer

[removed]		judicial
[removed]		legislative
[removed]		executive
[removed]		state government

2 points

Question 26

The Advocacy Coalition Framework illustrates

Answer

[removed]		the important role of interest groups and group alliances.
[removed]		how members of congress can work together to set the national agenda.
[removed]		the centrality of the executive branch in setting the national agenda.
[removed]		the importance of arguing claims before the Supreme Court.

2 points

Question 27

Evidence gathered using the scientific method is superior to anecdotal evidence because

Answer

[removed]		scientists are smarter than other people.
[removed]		the scientific method generally yields better knowledge than do anecdotes.
[removed]		it's easier to gather evidence using the scientific method.
[removed]		because there is only one scientific method that all scientists use consistently.

2 points

Question 28

People belong to membership interest groups by virtue of

Answer

[removed]		having joined and paid dues.
[removed]		being a member of a profession.
[removed]		joining an institution such as a university .
[removed]		having an economic interest in the outcome of policy decisions.

2 points

Question 29

The laws that are drafted by the legislature are called _____________

Answer

[removed]		statutes
[removed]		case law
[removed]		regulations
[removed]		statues
[removed]		out laws

2 points

Question 30

Why were the Articles of Confederation ultimately replaced by the federal Constitution?

Answer

[removed]		Federal taxes were too high.
[removed]		Many people thought that the national government was too weak to confront national challenges.
[removed]		The smaller states felt they had less power under the Articles of Confederation.
[removed]		The Articles of Confederation were set to expire in 1789 no matter what.

2 points

Question 31

In scholarly research, a good theory should

Answer

[removed]		generate hypotheses that can be tested.
[removed]		solve pressing societal problems.
[removed]		be easy to understand.
[removed]		conform to what people know about how the world works.

2 points

Question 32

The substantive area of policy over which participants in policy making compete and compromise is known as

Answer

[removed]		the policy community.
[removed]		the iron triangle.
[removed]		an issue network.
[removed]		a policy domain.
[removed]		the issue arena.

2 points

Question 33

Policy makers often use ______________ as a way of floating "trial balloons" to assess the reaction of the public to certain policy issues.

Answer

[removed]		the media
[removed]		other policy makers
[removed]		focus groups
[removed]		community forums

2 points

Question 34

When we discuss the outcomes of policies we are concerned with

Answer

[removed]		the substantive accomplishments of the policies.
[removed]		the amount of money the government spends to implement a policy.
[removed]		the number of people employed in enacting the policy.
[removed]		the influence of the policy on congressional elections.

2 points

Question 35

In the mid-1960s, David Easton first pioneered a model that states that the public policy process is a product of a system. The public policy process is influenced by and influences the environment in which it operates. This model is known as the

Answer

[removed]		bi-linear model.
[removed]		systems model.
[removed]		linear model.
[removed]		Dave's model.
[removed]		analysis model.

2 points

Question 36

The writing of vague policy and law by the Congress implies what for government agencies?

Answer

[removed]		Highly restricted agency action.
[removed]		The lack of administrative discretion.
[removed]		A highly accountable government agency.
[removed]		An opportunity for government agencies to shape policy through implementation.

2 points

Question 37

When newspapers and other media talk about "playing politics" with an issue, they usually mean that

Answer

[removed]		A policy issue is undergoing careful scientific analysis.
[removed]		Various interests are competing, often in seemingly self-interested ways, to gain their goals at the expense of others.
[removed]		An election is being held.
[removed]		The president recommends a new policy initiative.

2 points

Question 38

Casework is most closely associated with which group of actors?

Answer

[removed]		interest groups
[removed]		legislatures
[removed]		the courts
[removed]		think tanks

2 points

Question 39

The daily newspaper of federal regulatory activity is called the ______________

Answer

[removed]		Congressional Record.
[removed]		Federal Register.
[removed]		New York Times.
[removed]		Regulatory Tribune.
[removed]		Federal Regulatory Times.

2 points

Question 40

The "Institutional Analysis and Development" framework, associated with Elinor Ostrom's work, describes policy making and change in terms of

Answer

[removed]		long-term periods of stability in policy with short bursts of policy change.
[removed]		the joining of problems, policies, and politics in "windows of opportunity" for change.
[removed]		how groups join into larger alliances to promote shared interests.
[removed]		the idea that boundedly rational people come together in "institutions" to pursue policy goals.

2 points

Question 41

In American political philosophy, governmental authority is delegated from

Answer

[removed]		the president.
[removed]		the people.
[removed]		the government.
[removed]		the Constitution.

2 points

Question 42

What is the key barrier to interest group growth and success?

Answer

[removed]		Legal prohibitions against forming various types of interest groups.
[removed]		The amount of time, effort, and expense it takes to create an effective interest group.
[removed]		Poor media coverage of issues of importance to Americans.
[removed]		Our federal system of government, which makes it hard to form interest groups.

2 points

Question 43

A policy tool is

Answer

[removed]		the law that compels action on the part of implementers.
[removed]		a method through which government seeks to achieve a policy objective.
[removed]		the equipment government uses to address problems, such as computers, police cars, or medicines.
[removed]		an agent of the government whose job it is to implement policy.

2 points

Question 44

An agenda in the policy process refers to

Answer

[removed]		the semi-secret plans of interest groups to gain support for unpopular ideas.
[removed]		the implementation of public policy.
[removed]		the matters before public institutions that are available for discussion and decision.
[removed]		the annual budget bill.

2 points

Question 45

According to Stone one purpose of using numbers in problem definition is

Answer

[removed]		to demonstrate the rationality of a certain policy solution.
[removed]		the process of counting something makes people notice it more, and record keeping stimulates reporting.
[removed]		numerical strategies prove facts.
[removed]		numbers are easy to manipulate.

2 points

Question 46

Classifying policies as either liberal or conservative is:

Answer

[removed]		their ideological content.
[removed]		to their cost/ benefit ratio.
[removed]		the amount of support a political party gives them.
[removed]		to their material or symbolic content.

2 points

Question 47

Where does the greatest amount agenda setting power in Congress reside?

Answer

[removed]		In the Committee Chairs.
[removed]		In the Whips.
[removed]		In the most Senior Members of Congress.
[removed]		In the members from the largest states.

2 points

Question 48

The separation of powers refers to

Answer

[removed]		Relationships between the state and federal government.
[removed]		The assignment of powers and duties to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
[removed]		The relative strength of large states in presidential elections.
[removed]		The difference in size and prestige between the House and the Senate.

2 points

Question 49

The idea that interest groups are organized in policy communities within a policy domain is associated with which model of the policy process?

Answer

[removed]		punctuated equilibrium.
[removed]		systems model.
[removed]		advocacy coalition framework.
[removed]		streams metaphor.

2 points

Question 50

Hearings, lawmaking, and congressional oversight hearings are used to

Answer

[removed]		serve as a check on the bureaucracy.
[removed]		enhance presidential power.
[removed]		express appreciation for the fine work that bureaucrats do.
[removed]		raise money for campaigns and elections.

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