Module 1 Case time value of Money
Please read the background info
Module 1 - Case
The Time Value of Money and Financial Statement Analysis
Case Assignment
Solving Present Value and Future Value Problems
You are the CFO (Chief Financial Officer) of ABC Golf Equipment Corporation, a small company that sells golf equipment. Mr. Hillbrandt, the new CEO (Chief Executive Officer) has a marketing background and is trying to learn more about the financial side of running a business. He wants your help and asks for an introduction to the concept of time value of money.
The value of a typical corporate bond is the present value of an annuity plus the present value of a lump sum. Thus, if an individual does not understand how to calculate the present value of a lump sum or the present value of an annuity, it is difficult to determine the value of a typical corporate bond. Thus, in this case assignment, you will work through a variety of time value of money problems to illustrate the idea to the CEO.
The following websites include a number of formulae and financial calculators, including Present Value, Future Value, and Annuity:
Financial calculators. (2015). Calculator Soup. Retrieved from http://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/financial/
Carther, S. (2015). Calculating the present and future value of annuities. Investopedia. Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/articles/03/101503.asp
Required:
Compute and show your work for the following scenarios:
- Calculate the present value of the following lump sums:
- $100,000 to be received five years from now with a 5% annual interest rate
- $200,000 to be received 10 years from now with a 10% annual interest rate
- Calculate the future value of the following lump sums:
- $100,000 if invested for five years at a 5% annual interest rate
- $200,000 if invested for 10 years at a 10% annual interest rate
- Calculate the present value of these ordinary annuities:
- $100,000 to be received each year for five years with a 5% annual interest rate
- $200,000 to be received each year for 10 years with a 10% annual interest rate
- Calculate the future value of these ordinary annuities:
- $100,000 if invested each year for five years at a 5% annual interest rate
- $200,000 if invested each year for 10 years at a 10% annual interest rate
- Calculate the present value of these perpetuities:
- $100,000 to be received each year forever with a 5% annual interest rate
- $200,000 to be received each year forever with a 10% annual interest rate
Computations (use Excel).
- Show the computations as required above.
- Summarize the results in an easy to read table at the top of the spreadsheet or on a clearly labeled separate tab.
Memo (use Word).
Interpret the results from the computations and explain how the information is useful. Write a four or five paragraph memo to the CEO. Start with an introduction and end with a conclusion or recommendation. Each of the four or five paragraphs should have a heading.
Short Essay (use Word).
Do research and write a short essay to comment on the use of bonds by public corporations. The emphasis of the essay could be either
- A discussion of different types of bonds; or
- The use of bonds in different industries.
Start with an introduction and end with a summary or conclusion. Use headings. Don’t forget to reference your sources. Maximum length of two pages.
Assignment Expectations
Each submission should include two files: (1) An Excel file; and (2) A Word document. The Word document shows the memo first and short essay last. Assume a knowledgeable business audience and use required format and length. Individuals in business are busy and want information presented in an organized and concise manner.
Module 1 - Background
The Time Value of Money and Financial Statement Analysis
The time value of money is an important, fundamental concept in finance. Time value of money refers to present value and future value. It is used in various areas of finance, including capital budgeting, bond valuation, and stock valuation. It is very important that you understand the time value of money so that you are prepared to study more advanced topics in the future.
Time lines are important to understand future value and present value problems. If you are having difficulty understanding a time value of money problem, start with a time line. With an annuity due, the cash flows at the beginning of the period. With an ordinary annuity, the cash flows occur at the end of the period. If an annuity problem doesn’t state if the cash flows occur at the beginning or the end of the period, by default the cash flows occur at the end of the period.
When cash flows continue on forever, they are known as perpetuities. To find the present value of a perpetuity, you simply divide the cash flow by the discount rate in decimal notation.
Review these videos that focus on the time value of money:
Valuation of Money Podcast. (n.d.). Pearson Learning Solutions, New York, NY.
Valuation of Money Interactive Video. (n.d.). Pearson Learning Solutions, New York, NY.
JohnFinance (2014). Compound Annual Growth Rate. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vp7HqfRifXo
JohnFinance (2014). Present Value of a Perpetuity. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2FvRiRJ6zM
JohnFinance (2014). Present Value of a Growing Perpetuity. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikRczqx-al4
JohnFinance (2014). The Time Period in a Future Value of a Lump Sum. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TwPBazoywg
Review these website links that focus on the time value of money:
McCracken, M., (n.d.). The time value of money. Retrieved from http://www.teachmefinance.com/timevalueofmoney.html
Getobjects.com (2002). Future value. Retrieved from http://www.getobjects.com/Components/Finance/TVM/fv.html
Financial statement analysis is very important for securities analysts. Securities analysts recommend to portfolio managers what stocks should be bought and sold. Financial statement analysis involves analyzing various financial ratios for a company over time and comparing those to the appropriate industry average. For example, it is important for a company’s ROE to be increasing over time and greater than the industry average. Although it’s very important for a firm to have strong liquidity, it’s a negative sign if a firm’s quick or current ratios are excessively high. There are five main categories of ratios: liquidity, asset management, debt management, profitability, and market value.
Review these videos that focus on some financial ratios:
JohnFinance (2014). Debt-to-Equity Ratio. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Gk-YIUfpmQ
JohnFinance (2014). Times Interest Earned Ratio. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYua0yHGadY
Review this website link which focuses on financial ratios:
NetMBA (n.d.). Financial ratios. Retrieved from http://www.netmba.com/finance/financial/ratios/
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